tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15547987557268322902024-03-23T06:15:41.372-04:00The Stoneman GazetteRELIVING THE TALES OF STONEMAN'S RAID: 150 YEARS LATERTom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.comBlogger119125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-66682531504646734102022-08-18T00:00:00.007-04:002024-03-14T14:09:52.123-04:00Penning heads on Civil War tales <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> They don't make headlines like they used to.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> As dying newspapers lay off the ink-stained wretches on the copy desks, we may never see another headline quite like this verbless wonder written by Vincent Musetto for the <i>New York Post</i> in 1983—the most unforgettable head in the history of journalism.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt0sJFM822Zk2v-idS8qTNlV9zcgcn5O8S5obNKgaQJYnnL9Lu58nLFQjGTCLi3t5ZCm7YR_jpbRjN4HLRYQkGA9CCPgkMqdtxfOgX-Meh6dhVgBbE9NXSRIqurDWyfTutrnP4_DpOROI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-06-22+at+3.06.46+PM.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="611" data-original-width="489" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt0sJFM822Zk2v-idS8qTNlV9zcgcn5O8S5obNKgaQJYnnL9Lu58nLFQjGTCLi3t5ZCm7YR_jpbRjN4HLRYQkGA9CCPgkMqdtxfOgX-Meh6dhVgBbE9NXSRIqurDWyfTutrnP4_DpOROI/s400/Screen+Shot+2017-06-22+at+3.06.46+PM.png" width="318" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Headline writing is an art. It may be a dying art—a victim of malnewstrition—but the </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">American Copy Editors Society (ACES) still has a #HeadlineoftheYear contest to recognize the finest examples. If you are curious about the state of the art, here are links to the winners for <a href="http://aceseditors.org/news/2023/aces-2022-headline-contest-winners">2022</a>, <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2022/aces-2021-headline-contest-winners">2021</a>, <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2021/aces-announces-2020-headline-contest-winners">2020</a>, <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2020/aces-announces-2019-headline-contest-winners">2019</a>, <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2019/aces-announces-2018-headline-contest-winners-at-aces-2019-conference">2018</a>, <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2018/aces-announces-2017-headline-contest-winners-at-aces-2018-conference-1-1">2017</a>, <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2017/aces-announces-2016-headline-contest-winners-at-aces-2017-conference">2016</a> and <a href="https://aceseditors.org/news/2016/aces-announces-2015-headline-contest-winners">2015</a>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> At <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i>, we take pride in our headlines and have never laid off a copy editor. If ACES ever adds a prize category for anachronistic online newspapers, we'd like to nominate a few of our following favorites.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> If you feel enticed to click on any of these blue links, go hug a headline writer. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1554798755726832290#editor/target=post;postID=4755811500148074201;onPublishedMenu=template;onClosedMenu=template;postNum=55;src=postname"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b>Rebels and their bridge fall for Yankee-pranky</b></span></a><br />
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">If you're ever caught in a headline fight, remember that the pun is mightier than the sword. This story describes a ruse involving a Union captain (a 27-year-old teacher with the eminently punable name of Erastus Cratty Moderwell) who impersonated 43-year-old Gen. George Stoneman to fool and intimidate Confederate forces who had him outnumbered. The rebels unwittingly surrendered the Nation Ford railroad trestle connecting the Carolinas, and the Yankees burned it down before Jefferson Davis could cross it. </span><br />
<br />
<div>
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-headquarters-on-caesars-head.html"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Stoneman's headquarters on Caesars Head</span></a></b></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Here's my double-headed homage to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/10/business/media/vincent-musetto-74-author-of-headless-headline-of-ageless-fame.html">Vincent Musetto</a> (who died four weeks after we ended the daily run of <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i>). When the Yankees headed south out of Asheville and crossed the Blue Ridge at Caesars Head, they looked down on rebellious South Carolina in more ways than one. While they were descending, they were also condescending. (And don't blame me for the genitive apostrophe missing from Caesars Head. That's the <a href="https://geonames.usgs.gov/docs/DNC_PPP_DEC_2016_V.1.0.pdf">style established by the U.S. Bureau of Geographic Names</a>, page 30.) </span><br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/your-taxes-are-still-paying-for.html">Your taxes are still paying for Stoneman's Raid</a></b></span></div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">If a headline can't be cute, it needs to be profound. It should make the reader feel personally invested in the story. In this case, we thought our fellow Americans would want to know that Uncle Sam is still paying for the Civil War—and the monthly checks are being cashed by the daughter of one of Stoneman's veterans. </span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">In a different era, this 1938 Gettysburg headline about her father also did a good job of enticing readers:</span><br />
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV6-azBEr5ScLjYGiD2vuJ8iLeyJRTHMdrabEMxVrmESijftSPeG5lT-sRVX0HEjWmNKq52Wld_D2W_mNpLukHtVmIKpeu9UO6vBh-LorVmK58eQJE2_vPoEqgNglx8UW04H-LWktqqvo/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-06-22+at+12.07.26+PM.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="171" data-original-width="402" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV6-azBEr5ScLjYGiD2vuJ8iLeyJRTHMdrabEMxVrmESijftSPeG5lT-sRVX0HEjWmNKq52Wld_D2W_mNpLukHtVmIKpeu9UO6vBh-LorVmK58eQJE2_vPoEqgNglx8UW04H-LWktqqvo/s400/Screen+Shot+2017-06-22+at+12.07.26+PM.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/the-longest-raid-begins-with-single-debt.html">The longest raid begins with a single debt</a></b></span></div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Headline writers often start with a familiar phrase and then twist it like one of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherman%27s_neckties">Sherman's neckties</a>. You can understand why we wrote <u>raid</u> instead of <u>journey</u>, and here's why we changed <u>step</u> to <u>debt</u>: After rebels captured Gen. Stoneman in 1864, he became the highest-ranked prisoner in the South and a laughingstock in some parts of the North. So when he got a chance to vindicate himself with a thousand-mile raid in 1865, he declared, "I owe the Southern Confederacy a debt I am anxious to liquidate."</span><br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/myles-to-go-stonemans-rock-star.html"><b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Myles to go: Stoneman's rock star</span></b></a></div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The story includes a quote about s-e-x from Myles Keogh, a debonair Yankee officer and international man of mystery. We resisted the temptation to use that cheap clickbait in our headline, because it would have been beneath our dignity. Instead, we'll tease you with it here—underskirting our headline.</span><br />
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/twin-fiddles-tom-dooley-and-gillam.html">Twin fiddling: Tom Dooley and Gilliam Grayson</a></span></b></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The Kingston Trio and Doc Watson were also part of this story, but the title characters were both fiddlers, and young Tom fiddled around in more ways than one. In fact, he had a harem of cousins. For headline writers, a double entendre is the triple crown. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b>Pyres in Salisbury, but a pyrrhic victory for rebs</b></span></a><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">It's a rare headline that can pair two pyr-words. It almost makes me want to go back and rewrite the story in inverted pyramid. Almost.</span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/emmas-war-five-days-and-four-nights-of.html"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Four days in a den of Yankee lions</span></a></b><br />
<div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">I like to include Bible allusions in my headlines. With Stoneman's cavalry fast approaching the Carson House, Miss Emma Rankin wrote that she still made it to church on Easter Sunday, "and our blessed old pastor gave us all the hope and strength he could gather from the Bible, reminding us that there were lions in the way, but God could shut the lions' mouths."</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html">'Destroy Charlotte!' 'Will Asheville do?'</a></b></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">"If it's a good headline, we'll make it fit," Phil Batson used to say. But blogs, like newspapers, have fixed widths for columns and pages, and the challenge is to say a lot in a few words (in this case: 34 <a href="http://www.kuediting.com/headlines/count/">counts</a>). This headline sums up a flurry of messages between Gen. Stoneman in Knoxville and two of his cavalry brigades in the North Carolina mountains.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/lets-stop-us-cavalry-with-winefest.html"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b>How to stop the U.S. Cavalry? With a winefest</b></span></a><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The purpose of a headline is to get you to stop and read the story. Clickbait, they call it nowadays. I think this one clicks. The bacchanalian story comes from my hometown of Anderson, S.C.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"></span></span>
<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/exclusive-sarcastic-stoneman-chides.html"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b>Scoop! Sly Stoneman chides rebel church</b></span></a><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The little story behind this headline was lost to history until <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> dredged it out of the <i>The New York Times</i> digital archives. "Chides" is such a fine word that it is usually reserved for headlines. Otherwise, our headline might have been <b>Education of black children vs. edification of white Presbyterians</b>. Sly readers of my generation may read <a href="http://www.slystonemusic.com/news/sly-stone-honored-grammy-lifetime-achievement-award/">something else</a> into that headline. </span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/greenville-mule-wounded-yankee.html">Greenville mule gets Yankee's goat</a></b></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The raiders quickly <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-indispensable-yet-disposable.html">wore out their horses</a>, and one Yankee regretted the day he swiped a mule from the plantation of a Revolutionary war hero.</span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span>
<b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/tell-mama-civil-war-is-finally-over.html"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Tell Mama! The Civil War is finally over</span></a></b><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">A month after Lee's surrender, the war and the raid were still dragging on. So was the daily run of <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i>. We needed a way to finish strong, and I think we found it in our Mothers Day issue, which featured heartfelt quotes from the likes of Abe Lincoln, Stonewall Jackson's mother, and Mark Twain. Some newspapers don't like exclamations in headlines, but we're different, and moms are special.</span></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-47688816160983164932020-12-01T12:52:00.031-05:002024-03-14T09:07:55.403-04:00'Angel of mercy' behind Anderson's monument<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9cwY0PcbiGx0u1YWljXZVHig2pduZ-HjTN0msOsybWDzfuC7w1-bZrIKI6I1772W0aU5CWqEPTg_9if4hKOcLWrmT5-bT8_MPk-3V4b5FYCaAeWOt8FP9ag-auJM3xn2-09oeWXV6VPQ/s4032/anderson+monument.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9cwY0PcbiGx0u1YWljXZVHig2pduZ-HjTN0msOsybWDzfuC7w1-bZrIKI6I1772W0aU5CWqEPTg_9if4hKOcLWrmT5-bT8_MPk-3V4b5FYCaAeWOt8FP9ag-auJM3xn2-09oeWXV6VPQ/w480-h640/anderson+monument.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Anderson's Confederate memorial</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij0ggme51JK6FOuWipekGpAOk7MZMuRO6ijZlEP_JkfPMFniibbPehe0i-1J8LqHoqJmpbbZw_BWjaIPIwlILnTqXdlbCkZCgfoz1_sXjwscdelpn1L73mH2z24-nfeiBbCjn6OqVtDJA/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-06-09+at+2.16.36+PM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="616" data-original-width="345" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij0ggme51JK6FOuWipekGpAOk7MZMuRO6ijZlEP_JkfPMFniibbPehe0i-1J8LqHoqJmpbbZw_BWjaIPIwlILnTqXdlbCkZCgfoz1_sXjwscdelpn1L73mH2z24-nfeiBbCjn6OqVtDJA/s400/Screen+Shot+2020-06-09+at+2.16.36+PM.png" width="221" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Lenora Hubbard</b></span><br />
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif" style="font-size: x-small;"><b>(portrait from Hannibal Johnson's book)</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">ANDERSON, S.C.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> My grandmother Macie Sherard would have been 14 years old in 1902 when the Confederate memorial was dedicated in Anderson. I assume she was among the thousands who attended the ceremony, since her grandfather was a wounded veteran and her teacher Lenora Hubbard had the honor of unveiling the monument. She might even have been in the children's choir that sang Dixie. </span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Miss Hubbard used school events to raise funds for the monument, and I like to imagine that Macie helped by collecting pennies. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Miss Hubbard's story deserves to be heard, now that there is an <a href="https://www.wspa.com/news/state-lawmakers-respond-to-concerns-with-an-upstate-monument-and-university-program/">outcry in Anderson to remove the Confederate monument</a> from the town square. </span><span style="font-size: large;">As our society struggles with how to deal with our Civil War heritage, I think we could all learn a lesson from my grandmother's esteemed teacher.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> She was a "daughter of the Confederacy," but she also graciously tended the graves of the enemy—three Union soldiers from Maine who were murdered near Anderson in the months following Stoneman's Raid. </span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglIsmVnvQECji7uyoWyn3_Dz3s7-ld7KzVW_ItmVoAc908qKfrrqdZD6jByvv2QrTYe_eC57GG9zm6zfEin4rl0isD5Coie61zQeUgXGqZ5xmK1OxiCd48iAk6AHM9waoWEgfXbk_4kTI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-06-09+at+1.49.11+PM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="490" data-original-width="307" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglIsmVnvQECji7uyoWyn3_Dz3s7-ld7KzVW_ItmVoAc908qKfrrqdZD6jByvv2QrTYe_eC57GG9zm6zfEin4rl0isD5Coie61zQeUgXGqZ5xmK1OxiCd48iAk6AHM9waoWEgfXbk_4kTI/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-06-09+at+1.49.11+PM.png" width="198" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Lt. Hannibal Johnson</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> I discovered her story in a little book titled "<a href="https://archive.org/details/swordofhonorstor02john/page/n7">Sword of Honor</a>," written by Lt. Hannibal Johnson, a Union veteran from Maine who called her "an angel of mercy." </span></span><div><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span><div><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> <b>Lt. Johnson's story is </b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b>fascinating in its own right and will bring context to this story.</b> </span></span><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><b>Let me introduce him before we get to Miss Hubbard, and then a few thoughts on how we might rededicate Anderson's monument</b></span><b style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">—as a symbol of r</span><span style="font-size: large;">econciliation rather than rebellion.</span></b><div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Wounded at Gettysburg, Lt. Johnson was captured twice by the rebels. He briefly encountered <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/the-longest-raid-begins-with-single-debt.html">Gen. Stoneman when they were both in Confederate custody in Macon, Ga., in 1864</a>. He escaped from Columbia, S.C., to Knoxville, Tenn., via the Underground Railroad in 1864, and spent several cold winter nights at Leaside Plantation near Ninety Six, S.C., where slaves showed him the gold-capped cane that <a href="https://www.ushistory.org/us/31e.asp">South Carolina Congressman Preston Brooks* broke over the head of Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner in 1856</a>. When Lt. Johnson finally reached the Union lines in Tennessee in January 1865, he was received by the 10th Michigan Cavalry, which was preparing for Stoneman's Raid.</span><br />
<div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> During Reconstruction, Lt. Johnson and a small outfit from Maine were stationed in Anderson to impose martial law and serve as a freedman's bureau. Anderson was still boiling with vengance after <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">the indignities of Stoneman's Raid</a> May 1-3, 1865. On October 8, 1865, three Union soldiers from Maine were ambushed and killed while guarding a shipment of cotton across Brown's Ferry (on the Savannah River near the site of Hartwell Dam). The next day, Johnson recovered their mangled bodies from the river and buried them in the Anderson cemetery. The accused murderers were led by Crawford Keys or Keyes (1813-1895), who was arrested, tried, convicted, and sentenced to death. </span><span style="font-size: large;">President Andrew Johnson <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Papers_of_Andrew_Johnson/iNv4TroT2UcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22crawford+keyes%22+anderson&pg=PA442&printsec=frontcover" target="_blank">commuted his sentence</a>, and Keys served time at Fort Jefferson in the Dry Tortugas, an inescapable island in the Gulf of Mexico west of Key West. </span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> After the war, Lt. Johnson (1841-1913) became a businessman in Boston and Lynn, Mass., and he maintained close relationships in South Carolina. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> In 1875, he was invited to Charleston by Confederate Capt. J.C.B. Smith, who wanted to return the sword Johnson had surrendered in 1864 during the </span><span style="font-size: large;">Battle of the Wilderness. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> In a nostalgic 1906 trip through the South, the 64-year-old Johnson went to the Old Soldier's Home in Richmond (where he saw "<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/still-standing-like-stone-wall.html">Little Sorrel</a>," Stonewall Jackson's taxidermied horse) and continued to South Carolina to visit Miss Hubbard, 51. He complimented Anderson, which had become known as the "<a href="https://www.greenvilleonline.com/story/life/2018/09/30/bainbridge-how-anderson-became-electric-city/1456281002/">Electric City</a>," on its post-war prosperity. His book does not mention the Confederate monument, which had been erected in 1902. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> In his book, Johnson</span><span style="font-size: large;"> wrote glowingly of Miss Hubbard's values: </span></span></div>
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Shortly after we left South Carolina, a true Southern woman, fearless, loyal, and Christian, took it upon herself, against the wishes of her personal friends, to decorate, each Memorial Day, the graves of our dead, just the same as the dead of the Confederacy. And this Christian-like act she has personally continued up to the present time.<br /> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">I had kept in touch with the people of Anderson since I left there in 1866, having corresponded with some of their leading citizens, and was known officially to this angel of mercy, Miss Lenora Hubbard. When this obscure village had grown into a thriving city, residences and cemeteries were removed to make way for the march of improvement, and the cemetery where our boys were buried had to be moved also. This good woman went to the city authorities, and had assigned to her a spacious lot in the new cemetery for the burial of our boys. Knowing my address, she wrote to me, to see if some provision could not be made by the State toward defraying the expense of headstones for their graves, as she did not feel financially able to do it herself. Our correspondence was made public through the press, and coming to the ears of the officials at Washington, an order was given by the Quartermaster General to have these bodies taken up and removed to the National Cemetery at Marietta, Georgia.<br /> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">I knew this would be a disappointment to Miss Hubbard, as she had cared for our boys for many years, but the will of the Government was stronger than the wish of this lone woman—so the bodies were removed. Feeling that Miss Hubbard should be recognized for her sacrifice and heroic act, I wrote to the Governor of Maine, and asked his assistance. Governor Cobb immediately entered into my plan of having the Legislature take hold of the matter. When it convened the following January, he brought the matter before his Council, and they unanimously agreed to recommend an act publicly thanking Miss Hubbard for her patriotic service; the same, after its passage, was embossed on parchment and sent to Anderson, with the united thanks of the Legislature. (Feb. 8, 1905)</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Johnson also wrote about the burden borne by Southern women, where he mentioned "her love and charity being broad enough to take in both Union and Confederate armies." </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">I am still in correspondence with this true-blue Southern woman, whom it is an honor and credit to know. She is generally loved and respected by all who have the pleasure of her acquaintance; she has more honorable titles from Confederate camps and societies than any woman south of Mason and Dixon's line—<b>her love and charity being broad enough to take in both Union and Confederate armies</b>. It has been said that the Southern women by their loyalty and sacrifice kept the war going twelve months longer than it otherwise would have been, for they helped the struggling men in the field; and although the same men fought against me, I respect the part these Southern women took.<br /> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Our Northern women will never know what their Southern sisters suffered and endured to give encouragement and help to their overtaxed and starving veterans in the field. Some of them even did men's work on the plantations, to allow their old and young men to go to the front, others made clothing for their fathers, brothers, and lovers—doing all that was honorable and brave to perform their part in the great struggle.<br /> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">What the war meant to the Southern women, will be shown in the following extracts from a letter written by Miss Hubbard to a northern friend.</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Here is Miss Hubbard's letter, which describes the difficult circumstances in places like Anderson in the era when Confederate monuments were raised. Yes, she was part of the Lost Cause, but listen to her as she looked forward to the New South. "Our country is just beginning to be what God meant it to be," she wrote:</span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The good women in many parts of Maine have sent me a number of post cards, many of them unusually interesting ones. Seeing these pictures of your splendid buildings makes me feel keenly the poverty of our South land. While your soldiers returned to find their homes and educational institutions just as they left them, our Southern men returned to ruined homes and to the heavy task of rebuilding almost the entire country. If the men found this a hard task what can be said of our women who, by the fortunes of war, were left widows and orphans to struggle against such fearful odds? Hardest of all, they had to break away from so many old Southern traditions, as to woman's sphere. With so many professions and occupations closed to them, there seems almost a hopeless outlook.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">My father died two years after the close of the war, and left my mother with five little children, not one of whom was old enough to be of any help to her. I know what a struggle she had, for all her friends and relatives were too poor to help her. My father, a comparatively rich man, had such faith in the triumph of the Confederacy that he converted all his property into government bonds. Thus we were left almost penniless. The South had few schools then, no free ones. No one knows the task of my mother to care for us and give us some little education.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">At that time, not one woman in Anderson had dared venture out from the sheltered privacy of home and enter store or office to earn a living. I well remember the first one who did so; and though the position she filled was that of bookkeeper in her own father's store, for a time she was almost ostracized for so departing from "Woman's Sphere." I was the second one to take this daring step, and at the age of fifteen [about 1868] was given a position in the photographic studio of an old friend of father's. My doing so called forth a storm of protests from uncles and aunts, not one of whom was financially able to make it unnecessary for me to do this. My hours at the studio were from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. I got up at six every morning, practiced my music until seven, then helped cook breakfast, went to my work in the studio and in my spare moments there prepared a lesson in German which I recited to a private tutor after supper. Then three times a week I had a Latin lesson after studio hours. In this way I prepared myself to teach. After I secured a diploma which entitled me to teach, it took thirteen years of hard work to save enough money to buy my little home.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">I have seen the Old South, its chivalry and traditions disappear and watched the development of our grand New South, with its spirit of progress, and vast opportunities for both women and men. <b>Our country is just beginning to be what God meant it to be</b> and with increasing financial prosperity, our people are striving to attain the position which our great natural facilities entitle us to hold.</span></blockquote>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq81mGh2OpXtAabbVwzIaTSY309OPMsW4MqJeXZpqXqAwRfli3vwqhJurTgw3avQ_82YwHpbqygu7URQzXqh4fiVypwz_HdHDaAVGzuCMXNVeqg1XQvKG-3ai0ZHFvEy3hjiTDcnnequc/s916/west+market+st+school.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="580" data-original-width="916" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq81mGh2OpXtAabbVwzIaTSY309OPMsW4MqJeXZpqXqAwRfli3vwqhJurTgw3avQ_82YwHpbqygu7URQzXqh4fiVypwz_HdHDaAVGzuCMXNVeqg1XQvKG-3ai0ZHFvEy3hjiTDcnnequc/w400-h254/west+market+st+school.jpg" title="Anderson's first public school" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Anderson's first public school</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Miss Hubbard (1855-1933) taught at Anderson's original public school, the Central Graded School at 414 West Market Street. She lived at </span><span style="font-size: large;">424 Marshall Avenue, just three blocks from my mother's childhood home at 715 Marshall. When I asked my mother if she knew anything about Miss Hubbard, she recognized the name right away. "Mama said she was strict," she told me. "You had to be strict back then." Boys knew that if they misbehaved, Miss Hubbard might twist their ears. </span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK4Fr0XmaXyMJqUrONmpCGNJiI5UK0ZiR0EsD37abrNdO2rEgqxrR7KEWTllpYpdqld11NHfJJV_yBb1x-inQKryEi6nFHxe7PvVnHMP4wN8X8TszIYk-XX6duNCFF6YrwzAn36mDXte4/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-09-16+at+9.07.11+AM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="132" data-original-width="85" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK4Fr0XmaXyMJqUrONmpCGNJiI5UK0ZiR0EsD37abrNdO2rEgqxrR7KEWTllpYpdqld11NHfJJV_yBb1x-inQKryEi6nFHxe7PvVnHMP4wN8X8TszIYk-XX6duNCFF6YrwzAn36mDXte4/s200/Screen+Shot+2020-09-16+at+9.07.11+AM.png" width="128" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;">Macie Sherard, 1905</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="font-family: times, times new roman, serif;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: times, times new roman, serif;">My grandmother was Macie Sherard Griffin (1887-1973), an honor roll student under Miss Hubbard at Central Graded School. She married Thomas Jackson Griffin (1885-1952), the son of Confederate veteran Pierce Butler* Griffin (1847-1925). Pierce was a war orphan: He was 14 when his father, Jackson Griffin (1819-1861) died of typhoid fever in the</span><span style="font-family: times;"> </span></b></span><a href="https://www.nps.gov/rich/learn/historyculture/chimborazo.htm"><span style="font-family: times;">Chimborazo Hospital</span></a><b style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif;"> in Richmond. </b></span></div>
<div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Miss Hubbard was 36 years old in June 1891 when she took up the cause of raising a monument in Anderson to recognize the county's Civil War veterans. She was elected the first president of the Ladies' Memorial Association of Anderson County. They held a series of bake sales, cake walks, suppers, silver teas, and baby showers and eventually collected $2,500. </span></div>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCXPBjJSgW3YyzNIftCK-qBXSmf__jMfSeIRzQaTovbseEsAl9AFP-FmOs2m-uZQVjBbMhTa1eSkMCPkP6DQf_k5I9YTHvWFILU1WAQp2VwjjcJgk9n3RlcJ-qdVkr7JgtOVs28WhWiD0/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-12-04+at+9.53.43+AM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="277" data-original-width="214" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCXPBjJSgW3YyzNIftCK-qBXSmf__jMfSeIRzQaTovbseEsAl9AFP-FmOs2m-uZQVjBbMhTa1eSkMCPkP6DQf_k5I9YTHvWFILU1WAQp2VwjjcJgk9n3RlcJ-qdVkr7JgtOVs28WhWiD0/s400/Screen+Shot+2018-12-04+at+9.53.43+AM.png" width="310" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Nora Hubbard's grave at Silverbrook Cemetery:<br />"Others wrought in brick and stone,<br />she sought to shape the lives of men."</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Then she served on a committee that commissioned Oscar Hammond, a marble dealer from Greenville, to sculpt the monument, rather than use one of the <a href="https://hyperallergic.com/384776/the-norths-role-in-supplying-the-south-with-confederate-monuments/">mass-produced zinc memorials sold to so many Southern towns</a>. Hammond's craftsmen carved a 7-foot image of Gen. William Wirt Humphreys (1836-1893), a local Confederate veteran who had organized the local reunions.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: x-large;"> </span><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">The monument cost $2,760. Made of Tennessee gray marble, it was originally proposed for Silverbrook Cemetery but was erected on the Anderson square. If it must come down, I hope it will be relocated to the cemetery, where Miss Hubbard and Gen. Humphreys are buried. </span></div><div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> <a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78357513/anderson-civil-war-monument-dedicated/">The monument </a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78357513/anderson-civil-war-monument-dedicated/">was unveiled on January 18, 1902</a> (my birthday, 53 years before I was born</span></span><span style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;">—a blessed day for Macie, as I was given the name of her late husband</span></span><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">). About 150 Confederate veterans attended the ceremony, and I presume they included my 54-year-old great-grandfather, Pierce Butler Griffin*, as well as my 73-year-old great-great grandfather, Sgt. James Wiley Sherard (1829-1910), who was hobbled by a battlefield injury that he suffered in 1863 while defending Jackson, Mississippi. Sherard was among five brothers who fought for the Confederacy, serving in Company F of the 24th South Carolina infantry. Their youngest brother, William Yancey Sherard (1838-1864), died in the battle of Fort Harrison near Richmond, Virginia. Three of the brothers lived long enough to see the monument erected.</span></span></div><div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The ceremony featured the military band from 9-year-old Clemson Agricultural College, which played "Maryland, My Maryland" and "Taps," and a speech by Mayor George Tolly. Mrs. Cora Reed Ligon sang "The Conquered Banner," a poem by <a href="https://www.al.com/living/2013/03/father_abram_ryan_poet-priest.html">Father Abram Joseph Ryan</a> (a Catholic priest who was a Confederate chaplain), set to music by her sister, Mrs. <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-audacity-of-cute-yankee.html">Emmala Reed Miller</a>, a teacher who famously chronicled life in Anderson during and after the war.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> "The Conquered Banner" is styled after the "<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/so-you-are-man-who-caused-all-this.html">Concord Hymn</a>," a classic Revolutionary War poem by Ralph Waldo Emerson that immortalized the line "<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/so-you-are-man-who-caused-all-this.html">the shot heard round the world.</a>"</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Miss Hubbard was given the honor of unveiling the monument. According to some accounts, as she pulled the cord it slipped loose from the shroud. But a young boy from the crowd climbed the 35-foot monument and unveiled the statue.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Tear it down? Or can we reconcile with it?</span><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></b></span></h2>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMbv0ui8Zjruom-jUBJO3mO1tlavz6sdMoSrsm0-YXuOfpOcZhJAxs-v-KUF6T9jCrX8bVtnA9QbCVjlXyRsgEJR_Ce2JT1hTtH_2V8NNJH7aIgvBsTiftm9mME8Q_4Rd6jmBbqhcxWfU/s1600/cold+dead+hands.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="143" data-original-width="209" height="275" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMbv0ui8Zjruom-jUBJO3mO1tlavz6sdMoSrsm0-YXuOfpOcZhJAxs-v-KUF6T9jCrX8bVtnA9QbCVjlXyRsgEJR_Ce2JT1hTtH_2V8NNJH7aIgvBsTiftm9mME8Q_4Rd6jmBbqhcxWfU/s400/cold+dead+hands.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">It's time to replace this panel on the monument.</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> The 118-year-old monument is a stately fixture on the town square, facing east toward the 122-year-old county courthouse across Main Street. When you look closely, though, it's not so dignified. R</span><span style="font-size: large;">ead the inscriptions, and it's painfully obvious why many want it removed.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> If you a</span><span style="font-size: large;">pproach the monument from <a href="https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2018/07/south-carolina-man-who-put-electric-in.html">Mr. Whitner's statue</a>, you will be greeted by a carved Confederate flag with these lines from The Conquered Banner:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i></i></span><blockquote><span style="font-size: medium;"><span><span style="font-family: times, times new roman, serif; font-style: italic;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;"> Though conquered, we adore it!</span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><br />
<span> Love the cold, dead hands that bore it! </span></span></span></blockquote><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> On the opposite side, t</span><span style="font-size: large;">hose walking up from Sullivan's Metropolitan Grill see another verse from Father Ryan's "Sentinel Songs." These lines were also used on the Confederate monuments in Greenville in 1892 and in Abbeville in 1906 and 1996:</span></span><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span></i><blockquote><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span> The World shall yet decide </span><br />
<span><span> </span><span>in Truth’s clear, far off light,</span></span><br />
<span> That the soldiers who wore the gray and died </span><br />
<span><span> </span><span>with Lee, were in the right.</span></span></span></blockquote><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> No wonder that so many of our fellow citizens are appalled.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"> The other two panels include a list of Civil War battles and a dense verse praising the Confederate soldiers for their chivalry, fortitude, and valor.</span></div><div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> I have no doubt that those inscriptions were approved by Miss Hubbard with the intention of honoring the Confederate veterans, especially those who were still living. It was not her nature to be provocative, and she could never have imagined how these would sound in the 21st century. If she could twist our ears today, I think she would tell us it's time to remove, replace, or cover up those antiquated sentiments. They are not worth fighting over, and they absolutely should not be displayed on the courthouse square. We should never forget the war, but we need not remember it in those terms. </span></div>
<div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">I hope that our generation can find a constructive way</span> </b></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">to keep the memorial. Perhaps we could redeem it with more appropriate messaging that shows that Andersonians have learned lessons from our history and repented of our transgressions. <a href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local-govt--politics/atlanta-erecting-historical-markers-next-confederate-monuments/84aZJcUhOA7GparAHNOGCP/">Atlanta has taken similar steps</a> with some of its Confederate monuments, adding "contextual markers" that address the underlying issues of slavery, racism, and states' rights. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;">Would it be too radical to update the inscriptions on Anderson's monument? Here are possible alternatives for four plaques to cover and replace the original words:</span></span><br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>1. The last stanza of Father Ryan's "Conquered Banner" concedes defeat and says respectfully that Confederate ideals should be put away forever, along with the flag: </b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> Furl that banner, softly, slowly!</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> Treat it gently—it is holy—</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> for it droops above the dead.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> Touch it not—unfold it never.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> Let it droop there, furled forever,</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> for its people's hopes are dead.</span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">2. Add a plaque in memory of the 9,000 slaves who lived in Anderson County during the Civil War. Confess the truth<i>—</i>slavery was the reason South Carolina seceded. Our leaders explicitly said so in 1860 in their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Immediate_Causes_Which_Induce_and_Justify_the_Secession_of_South_Carolina_from_the_Federal_Union#:~:text=The%20Declaration%20of%20the%20Immediate,for%20seceding%20from%20the%20United">Declaration of the Immediate Causes which Induce and Justify the Secesssion of South Carolina from the Federal Union</a>.</span></b></div>
</div>
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">South Carolina led the secession movement in 1860, declaring that it was necessary to dissolve the Union because of "increasing hostility on the part of the non-slaveholding States to the Institution of Slavery." After the the War Between the States ended in 1865, about 9,000 slaves in Anderson County were liberated by the Emancipation Proclamation and the ratification of the <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/abraham-lincoln-and-horn-of-freedom.html">13th Amendment</a>. South Carolina was restored to the Union in 1868.</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>3. After 155 years, I think it's time to add a plaque about Stoneman's Raid, which is not commemorated in the city of Anderson: </b></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">On May 1, 1865, weeks after the surrender of Robert E. Lee in Virginia, Anderson was invaded and occupied by Federal cavalry under orders from Gen. George Stoneman to pursue Confederate President Jefferson Davis. On this square, Cadet <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacys-last-martyr-fell-here.html">McKenzie Parker</a> from The Citadel became one of the last casualties of the Civil War on May 3, 1865.</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>4. Acknowledge the history of the monument itself with a plaque that says something like this:</b></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">This memorial was dedicated in 1902 to veterans of the Confederacy and rededicated in 202_ to these principles from our Declaration of Independence: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> I'm open to suggestions about what to do with the CSA symbols carved into the p</span><span style="font-size: large; text-align: right;">linth </span><span style="font-size: large;">or the marble man up top. Gen. Humphreys was a newspaperman as well as a soldier, so maybe he could surrender his rifle and stay up there as a memorial to journalism.</span></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUVYX3jDo3giNMWms34of92NRT54JABwaxP8gtmE__mhJinwxmiJ2Sx49NTtmkc0QSv9-vD1sh6xuDRN-1oog-m-04utGUGC4p-smNWjvpqb0Kq66MvhmkTzSEP3S6awB5nT9avK_o_HU/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-07+at+10.10.01+AM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="455" data-original-width="547" height="530" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUVYX3jDo3giNMWms34of92NRT54JABwaxP8gtmE__mhJinwxmiJ2Sx49NTtmkc0QSv9-vD1sh6xuDRN-1oog-m-04utGUGC4p-smNWjvpqb0Kq66MvhmkTzSEP3S6awB5nT9avK_o_HU/s640/Screen+Shot+2020-07-07+at+10.10.01+AM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/08/gis-maps-another-civil-war-breakthrough.html">President Lincoln's slavery map</a> shows the percentage of slaves in South Carolina counties in the 1860 census. Abbeville and Edgefield were adjacent, before the counties of Greenwood, McCormick, and Saluda were established. Slaves were the majority of the population in Abbeville and Edgefield.</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbcgx7dZNnVwIxNY971yV9yTsfFVnecUe4J0OxRfBu9X69YLGpWlSnJnKOLDshtSUZg_tRWztoMJrpGI1akL2Y7ynr1vf_ceiUzAKlQ-Bke9_YkrhSNRVcSv6AZ70wSdcWaexHuWuV9jo/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-07+at+10.34.50+AM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="318" data-original-width="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbcgx7dZNnVwIxNY971yV9yTsfFVnecUe4J0OxRfBu9X69YLGpWlSnJnKOLDshtSUZg_tRWztoMJrpGI1akL2Y7ynr1vf_ceiUzAKlQ-Bke9_YkrhSNRVcSv6AZ70wSdcWaexHuWuV9jo/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-07+at+10.34.50+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>Pierce Butler Griffin in 1925<br />with my uncle, Claude Griffin.</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>*</b> <b>PIERCE BUTLER</b></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">is a prominent name in South Carolina history. My great-grandfather Pierce Butler Griffin (1847-1925) apparently was named for Pierce Mason Butler (1798-1847), who was raised in Edgefield County, studied under <a href="http://tomlayton.blogspot.com/2013/08/the-preacher-behind-clemson-and-georgia.html">Rev. Moses Waddell</a>, was elected governor in 1836, and was martyred in 1847 while carrying the Palmetto Regiment flag in the Mexican-American war. My great-grandfather was born in Abbeville County, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacy-returns-home-to-die.html">the cradle of the Confederacy</a>, just four months after the death of Gov. Butler. Edgefield bordered Abbeville in the Antebellum era and is known as the "Home of Ten Governors," including Pitchfork Ben Tillman and Strom Thurmond.</span></span></div></div></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In 1856, nine years after the death of Gov. Butler, his brother and cousin were serving in Congress. Sen. Andrew Butler was a slavery advocate who had been insulted by Sen. Charles Sumner in a fiery and lurid speech during the debate over the statehood of Kansas: "The senator from South Carolina has read many books of chivalry, and believes himself a chivalrous knight with sentiments of honor and courage. Of course, he has chosen a mistress to whom he has made his vows, and who, though ugly to others, is always lovely to him; though polluted in the sight of the world, is chaste in his sight—I mean the harlot, slavery. For her his tongue is always profuse in words. Let her be impeached in character, or any proposition made to shut her out from the extension of her wantonness, and no extravagance of manner or hardihood of assertion is then too great for this senator." When Sen. Stephen Douglas heard the speech, he said, "This damn fool is going to get himself killed by some other damn fool."</span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Butlers' cousin, Rep. Preston Brooks, vowed to defend the honor of Sen. Andrew Butler. Brooks could have challenged Sumner to a duel, but he considered Sumner unworthy of defending his honor. So on May 22, 1856, Brooks marched into the Senate chamber and pummeled Sumner with his cane. Sumner suffered a traumatic brain injury and barely survived. It was three years before he was able to return to his Senate seat. This was the same cane that Lt. Johnson mentioned in the story above. </span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The attack in the Senate was a breaking point for the nation, said <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/so-you-are-man-who-caused-all-this.html" target="_blank">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a>, who was Sumner's neighbor in Boston. "I do not see how a barbarous community and a civilized community can constitute one state. I think we must get rid of slavery, or we must get rid of freedom." The incident was so polarizing that it fostered the rise of the Republican party and the election of Abraham Lincoln.</span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> A couple of generations earlier, there was another Pierce Butler (1744-1822), a plantation owner in Georgetown who was one of America's largest slaveholders and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1788 and 1802. As a delegate to the 1787 Constitutional Convention, he introduced the Fugitive Slave Clause (Article IV, Section 2), which essentially institutionalized slavery on a federal level. In 1860, Georgetown's population was 85.7 percent slaves—the most of any county east of Mississippi. His grandson Pierce Mease Butler (1810-1867) sold 436 slaves in 1859 for more than $300,000 (</span><span style="font-size: large;">an average price of about $700 per person)</span><span style="font-size: large;">. </span></span></div></div></blockquote><blockquote class="tr_bq"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> The Edgefield Butlers were not descended from the Georgetown Butlers, but it seems likely that Gov. Pierce Mason Butler was named for the Constitutional delegate.</span></span> </div></div></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Edgefield is dealing with its own Old South heritage—as protestors want to rename Strom Thurmond High School, which was named for the senator in 1961, the same year that the Confederate flag was raised over the state capitol in Columbia (Gov. Nikki Haley took it down in 2015 after the Charleston church massacre.) Thurmond popularized the flag as a symbol of defiance when he was the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948, and after he was elected to the Senate as a write-in, he infamously filibustered the 1957 Civil Rights Act.</span><span style="font-size: large;"> (If the school is renamed, we can assume that its athletic teams will no longer be known as the Rebels.) </span><span style="font-size: large;">Inevitably, there will be a showdown on the town square in </span><span style="font-size: large;">Edgefield, where a Confederate obelisk has stood since 1900 and a bronze statue of Sen. Thurmond was erected in 1984.</span></span></div></div></blockquote><p></p><blockquote><span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b></b><blockquote><b>FULL DISCLOSURE:</b> My ancestors were slaveowners. Pierce Butler Griffin's dad, <span>Jackson Griffin, was a miller who owned 17 slaves according to the 1840 census. The Sherard patriarch, William Alexander Sherard (1800-1862), owned 25 slaves in 1850, including two that he fathered.</span></blockquote></span></span></blockquote><p></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b style="text-align: right;">—Tom Layton</b> </span></p>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b> RELATED ANDERSON STORIES</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">Anderson: 'They wished to ruin us'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/lets-stop-us-cavalry-with-winefest.html">How to stop the Yankees? With a winefest</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacys-last-martyr-fell-here.html">One of the Confederacy's last martyrs fell here</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/01/the-lincoln-calhoun-debate.html">Craytonville: A crossroads for Stoneman's Raid</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-audacity-of-cute-yankee.html">Emmala's War: Audacity of the 'cute Yankee'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-many-drunken-demons.html">Emmala's War: 'Many drunken demons'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-ruined-humiliated-people.html">Emmala's War: 'A ruined, humiliated people'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/yankee-raider-stole-heart-of-carolina.html">Yankee raider plundered the heart of a Carolina girl</a><br />➤ <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/the-battle-of-anderson-revisited.html">The battle of Anderson, revisited</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">➤</span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/cavalry-vs-calvary-not-hill-to-die-on.html">Cavalry vs. Calvary: Not a hill to die on</a></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"></span></div>
<div>
</div>
<style>
<!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:roman;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:DengXian;
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;
mso-font-alt:等线;
mso-font-charset:134;
mso-generic-font-family:auto;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-1610612033 953122042 22 0 262159 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:swiss;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073732485 9 0 511 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Monaco;
panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;
mso-font-charset:77;
mso-generic-font-family:auto;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-1610611969 1342192123 0 0 407 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:"\@DengXian";
panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;
mso-font-charset:134;
mso-generic-font-family:auto;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-1610612033 953122042 22 0 262159 0;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:DengXian;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
mso-default-props:yes;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:DengXian;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;
mso-header-margin:.5in;
mso-footer-margin:.5in;
mso-paper-source:0;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
-->
</style></div>
</div>
</div></div></div>Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-70554200970365362852020-08-17T00:00:00.005-04:002021-05-12T10:32:48.327-04:00Sounding 'Taps' for Stoneman's last veteran<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm1HVudWsgagy84m-rZEAVnldUNPezWF4nXeMwIiKNPV6WK9L6rTW3zhC1E0jj4wmVpMhMhwXnpJ5d-8NXMgCV63Ic-e0r4llH1ZTtL08PVHJG_E_55gsDG3EW1XWul-3fxDRWE_pCzW4/s1600/Magee+taps.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="992" data-original-width="653" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm1HVudWsgagy84m-rZEAVnldUNPezWF4nXeMwIiKNPV6WK9L6rTW3zhC1E0jj4wmVpMhMhwXnpJ5d-8NXMgCV63Ic-e0r4llH1ZTtL08PVHJG_E_55gsDG3EW1XWul-3fxDRWE_pCzW4/s640/Magee+taps.png" width="417" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Spanish American War veteran William Harbottle<br />plays taps in 1953 for Sgt. William Magee.<br />(<i>Los Angeles Times photo</i>)</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDo2BVEPqZ4SOG0HThUVj8OR40wSkNfH9RDvwgN3NPpO-sKrJ6DjTIQu36f_yljnOsZiT5qdV3gsMhlz8F7sjg2auxvC_NWp0sZsReRyLKpzqEad4HM2e4U7Xnbstu42DviUUGRgNkYNU/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-08-12+at+4.00.50+PM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="142" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDo2BVEPqZ4SOG0HThUVj8OR40wSkNfH9RDvwgN3NPpO-sKrJ6DjTIQu36f_yljnOsZiT5qdV3gsMhlz8F7sjg2auxvC_NWp0sZsReRyLKpzqEad4HM2e4U7Xnbstu42DviUUGRgNkYNU/s400/Screen+Shot+2020-08-12+at+4.00.50+PM.png" width="165" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Magee with his war medals</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> On August 19, 1952, William Magee celebrated his 106th birthday at the home of his daughter in Van Nuys, California. His family invited a reporter to interview him, because he was the last Civil War veteran living on the West Coast.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> As </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Gen. Dwight Eisenhower was campaigning for President, Magee was in a patriotic mood. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">"</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Our beloved United States has never been licked in war and we never shall be licked," he told the reporter. "They just can't lick her, because we have the power. We have real power—and we have real men."</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Magee (1846-1953) was raised in a cabin near Lancaster, Ohio, the same hometown as Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891). He told the reporter that he took part in Sherman's 1864 March to the Sea, but it appears he confused Sherman with Stoneman. His unit, the 12th Ohio Cavalry, spent the last year of the war on Gen. George Stoneman's raids.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Magee was 17 when he ran away from home to </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">enlist in Company M of the 12th Ohio Cavalry as a bugler. (Musicians often served as field medics. Another William Magee, a 14-year-old drummer in the 33rd New Jersey Infantry, was awarded the Medal of Honor for capturing Confederate artillery in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, in 1864.)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Magee made the Army his career, became a Master Sergeant, and fought in the Indian Wars and the Spanish American War. He retired in 1898 after 35 years in the Army and drew a $200 monthly pension. At some point, he served alongside Buffalo Bill Cody (1846-1917). "Buffalo Bill was the best-looking man I ever saw," he told the reporter, "and I'm in second place right behind him." (Take that, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/myles-to-go-stonemans-rock-star.html">Myles Keogh</a>!)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The 12th Ohio Cavalry was one of Stoneman's most dependable regiments. They were involved in the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">liberation of the Salisbury prison</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/rebels-and-their-bridge-fall-for-yankee.html">the daring capture of the Nation Ford bridge</a> near Charlotte, and the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/08/found-one-of-stonemans-newspapers.html">publication of the <i>Yankee Raider</i> newspaper</a> in Athens, Ga. Capt. Frank Mason (later an aide to President Garfield) wrote the <a href="https://archive.org/details/twelfthohiocaval00maso/mode/2up">regimental history</a> as well as this <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/recap-us-cavalry-arrived-just-in-time.html">perspective on Stoneman's Raid</a>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Mason's book tells us that as the war was ending, Magee's band, "dusty and battered from its long and tuneless wanderings," had the opportunity to <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/athens-nothing-exultant-about-our-men.html">play Dixie and serenade Southern belles at the Young Ladies Seminary in Athens.</a></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">After he retired from the Army, Magee settled in California. He had two daughters in the Los Angeles area and another in Chicago, as well as seven grandchildren and 17 great-grandchildren. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Asked the secret of his long life, </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Magee said, "Haven't had a drink of liquor for the past 50 years. And when I did drink, it was pure corn whiskey that the mountaineers made. It was good for a man. Today, the young men mix their drinks. That is what shortens their lives." As for the episode with the mountaineers, the regimental history of the 15th Pennsylvania Calvary has a vivid account of a rainy night in Wilkes County, North Carolina, when <a href="https://archive.org/stream/historyoffifteen00kirk#page/520/mode/2up">Stoneman's troops succumbed to the temptations of freshly distilled moonshine.</a> </span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2v_GaD-WfznXjQHLkeDFN0jXqW41zPKqcfoo32RK-zvY8OPpHat4Ja_2769B2tZU-IkoBhyK5f_MTCPJSGrJEicXn_cimaddVq2IxvgLZGmdA7urmN1Fc-t8ofrea73PcERpr0fn8A2A/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-08-13+at+9.04.12+AM.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="184" data-original-width="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2v_GaD-WfznXjQHLkeDFN0jXqW41zPKqcfoo32RK-zvY8OPpHat4Ja_2769B2tZU-IkoBhyK5f_MTCPJSGrJEicXn_cimaddVq2IxvgLZGmdA7urmN1Fc-t8ofrea73PcERpr0fn8A2A/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-08-13+at+9.04.12+AM.png" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Magee remained i</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">n relatively good health until the following January, when he suffered a stroke and died three weeks later. He was buried with a 21-gun salute at the Los Angeles National Cemetery. The military band played two of his favorite tunes: <i><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1pNmwOt2e0">Tenting Tonight on the Old Campground</a> </i>and <i>The Battle Hymn of the Republic</i>. (I'm fond of <a href="https://www.pbs.org/video/battle-hymn-songs-stories-tn-civil-war-150-9famow/" style="font-style: italic;">this version</a>, featuring William Lee Golden and Jimmy Fulbright of the Oak Ridge Boys, Jimmy Fortune of the Statler Brothers, and Tim Duncan singing bass on a refrain that seems to speak for Magee: "He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never call retreat.")</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Father William Lundy gave the eulogy: </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">"He had a distinct privilege. His God permitted him to live long enough to see the ideals for which he fought fully realized. One nation, indivisible, with unity and freedom for all. His death marks the passing of a link in American history."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The only Civil War combat veteran who outlived Magee was </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">James Hard of Rochester, New York, an infantryman in the first Battle of Bull Run, who died at age 111 on March 12, 1953—48 days after Magee. Albert Woolson of Duluth, Minnesota, a drummer who never saw military action, lived until Aug. 2, 1956, at age 106. The <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/guess-where-ncs-last-rebel-was-born.html">last Confederate soldier</a>, Pleasant Crump of Talladega, Alabama, died at 104 in 1951. </span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjftBOcEUMOa8g8b3AzF4EQ3Pa416X5HrqhnSv0ti9SoCQZgQ0Mp-YHRPLdgkuJl6_xA2XaZgRFO8r7EPGGSMfz9S8cNH06qhHgfM_h5jk93ZI_pZdb4U0360dZ9XV1TFZvSTkKvLiCSpE/s1600/band.gif" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjftBOcEUMOa8g8b3AzF4EQ3Pa416X5HrqhnSv0ti9SoCQZgQ0Mp-YHRPLdgkuJl6_xA2XaZgRFO8r7EPGGSMfz9S8cNH06qhHgfM_h5jk93ZI_pZdb4U0360dZ9XV1TFZvSTkKvLiCSpE/s640/band.gif" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>A stereographic image of a Union band</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><b>The roster of the 12th Ohio Cavalry band, listed with the place and date they enlisted.</b></span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg97dWirXJqjs9CKfAPdjUD4Ao5RtGhth_ENmzL_DRWhI9YzeOFQtKd78TnSUChi8rf9Gl6Ag1VmONYUF8butWr6eZW9jfS0T34u7XDKRnuLnuoeqrHFLziDqt7UP0aqeS1griwOVy_1Rc/s1600/12th+ohio+band+with+william+magee.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg97dWirXJqjs9CKfAPdjUD4Ao5RtGhth_ENmzL_DRWhI9YzeOFQtKd78TnSUChi8rf9Gl6Ag1VmONYUF8butWr6eZW9jfS0T34u7XDKRnuLnuoeqrHFLziDqt7UP0aqeS1griwOVy_1Rc/s640/12th+ohio+band+with+william+magee.png" width="640" /></a><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br /></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-88596049418849457302020-05-02T13:10:00.003-04:002021-12-19T21:34:03.784-05:00Greenville mule got a Yankee's goat<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCL17fNkDEc2eL1DEwxC6_DCIvfUPQfFSx0C3Jv_95vtRrcTX33FHqv3SqppCUJgT8lmXgPtqQrYOpv4498_xMG7E1m1vegH6f7KBRAoPyCWrVSQGeUoMZn8L9byxIY1mWMq-6er2CyZ8/s1600/rock+house.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="249" data-original-width="437" height="364" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCL17fNkDEc2eL1DEwxC6_DCIvfUPQfFSx0C3Jv_95vtRrcTX33FHqv3SqppCUJgT8lmXgPtqQrYOpv4498_xMG7E1m1vegH6f7KBRAoPyCWrVSQGeUoMZn8L9byxIY1mWMq-6er2CyZ8/s640/rock+house.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">The 200-year-old Rock House was built by Capt. Billy Young, a hero of the American Revolution</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO78CMAGRo63ckFUG1-l6LxAArFGLLzedxI0ezjTTkMv2QzIimi79HEitZCFqF-jMGLW8M_3oPVX8ErzwUeMbLjz5BalxlRHyeSdoIQwPYC3euVGnRxNzGlKhtaFBx__bGJDBQ-ewD_S4/s1600/poinsett+bridge.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1600" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO78CMAGRo63ckFUG1-l6LxAArFGLLzedxI0ezjTTkMv2QzIimi79HEitZCFqF-jMGLW8M_3oPVX8ErzwUeMbLjz5BalxlRHyeSdoIQwPYC3euVGnRxNzGlKhtaFBx__bGJDBQ-ewD_S4/s640/poinsett+bridge.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Some of the Union cavalry crossed the 1820 Poinsett Bridge in the mountains of Greenville County</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">GREENVILLE, S.C.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Union cavalry who invaded Greenville on May 2, 1865, came from Asheville, and their routes would have brought them past two rock-solid monuments of 19th-century craftsmanship: the Poinsett Bridge on the State Road and the Rock House on the Buncombe Road.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The Rock House was built some 200 years ago by Capt. Billy Young, a hero of the American Revolution. It once was the largest house in Greenville, but it is <a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7984802/rock-house-greenville-built-1816-by/">so secluded</a> that I never knew about it during the decades I lived there. I looked it up during the 150th anniversary of Stoneman's Raid, because the most prominent local victim of the raid was listed by historians as "Capt. Choice of the old Rock House."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Josiah Choice was 62 years old when the raiders came down Buncombe Road. There are varying accounts of what happened to him. He may have been killed for shooting at a cavalryman who confiscated his horse. The Choice family had a home nearby, so it is possible that "of the old Rock House" described the locale where he was killed, rather than the actual house where he lived. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> About 150 Union cavalry from Stoneman's rear guard were </span>dispatched from Asheville in late April to pursue Jefferson Davis, the fugitive president of the Confederacy. They rode together through Saluda Gap to the foot of the Blue Ridge, where they fanned out. Some of them </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">followed the State Road across Poinsett Bridge and entered Greenville on the Rutherford Road. <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-raid-is-worst-form-of-war.html">Click here to read our 150th anniversary story</a> about the havoc they caused in Greenville. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The rest of the Yankees came down Buncombe Road, took Josiah Choice's life, and left us with a great story. It's too good to be true, but The State newspaper in Columbia reported it Aug. 23, 1959, after reporter Virginia Oles visited her Aunt Em, Emily Rosamond Thackston, the great-granddaughter of Capt. Young. Aunt Em's father, William Thackston, had inherited the house from his wife Katherine, the captain's granddaughter. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Capt. Young (1759-1826) was known as That Terror To The Tories during the Revolution. Yankees were sometimes called Tories, too, and at least one of the Union soldiers at the Rock House probably was sorry he met Capt. Young's daughter Emily Young Rosamond (1812-1888). This Emily was the great aunt of the Aunt Em who told the story to the newspaper.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiVf7J_ebLyJufAuERzfe9Z-r1l_Q_PqrcqrF6duqaMI86Ve65_7hWaN0qz4jurCjkeL5bPuIawMJ4daZ9Xl_qSXV_WzqLvUse8A3dq71xTau7n-FXSXoESkgWp5bf6iog7kVQZUWuYAI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-30+at+3.39.41+PM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="658" data-original-width="490" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiVf7J_ebLyJufAuERzfe9Z-r1l_Q_PqrcqrF6duqaMI86Ve65_7hWaN0qz4jurCjkeL5bPuIawMJ4daZ9Xl_qSXV_WzqLvUse8A3dq71xTau7n-FXSXoESkgWp5bf6iog7kVQZUWuYAI/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-04-30+at+3.39.41+PM.png" width="237" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b><a href="https://www.civilwarpoetry.org/confederate/songs/your-mule.html">Here's Your Mule</a> was a<br /> popular Civil War song</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">As the story goes, by the end of the war, a mule named Susie was the last livestock on the Rock House plantation. All the men were working in the fields, so only Emily was home when a Yankee rode up on a worn-out horse.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Without so much as a good morning, the soldier went into the barnyard, unsaddled his horse, saddled Susie, and rode off. Emily was especially fond of Susie, so she wept with grief.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Early the next morning, there was a sudden commotion in the yard. The whole household rushed out to see what was going on. There stood old Susie at the barnyard gate, wearing the Yankee's saddle. However, there was no rider.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Emily threw her arms around Susie's neck and kissed her. She whispered into the mule's ear, "Susie, you threw that Yankee and came back home!"</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Later that day, the Yankee returned with a noticeable limp. He went to the barnyard, saddled his own lame horse, and rode off without a word of explanation.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Susie, of course, became a war hero whose story was repeated for generations.</span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjga8PcPeJrbBYaMCtNbAG8u-PWj6mJ4JjEVp19iVi7Bk66j-46zO6IYJ7ZuoQRqNBUiBNP8YRkZ6yBYnRiD9R5OjSZ2TL-SvrawmYjkZ0y7nIefEzJeSw0SPTOh5ShB7A4kjylDdpbs0g/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-30+at+1.33.05+PM.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="317" data-original-width="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjga8PcPeJrbBYaMCtNbAG8u-PWj6mJ4JjEVp19iVi7Bk66j-46zO6IYJ7ZuoQRqNBUiBNP8YRkZ6yBYnRiD9R5OjSZ2TL-SvrawmYjkZ0y7nIefEzJeSw0SPTOh5ShB7A4kjylDdpbs0g/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-30+at+1.33.05+PM.png" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Old Buncombe Road</span></b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> is a landmark between downtown Greenville and Furman University. The original wagon road was built in the years following the Revolution. The road reached the North Carolina line in 1797 and finally connected in 1827 with Buncombe County, N.C. That opened up a trade route into the western frontier of Tennessee and Kentucky. In Greenville County, the road followed the Reedy River and the North Fork of the Saluda River before intersecting the State Road from Columbia, which crossed the Blue Ridge at Saluda Gap. This is the old route of U.S. Highway 25, which now passes through the Greenville watershed.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Capt. Young was born in Loudoun County, Va., grew up on a large farm on the Pacolet River in Spartanburg County, and enlisted in the 2nd Spartan Regiment at age 16. He fought in the "Snow Campaign" of 1775 (which included the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Great_Cane_Brake">Battle of the Great Cane Brake</a> in lower Greenville County), Musgrove Mill and Kings Mountain in 1780, and Cowpens, Augusta, and Ninety Six in 1781. After the war, he was appointed in 1785 as the first sheriff of Spartanburg County.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In 1789, at age 30, Capt. Young married 15-year-old Mary Salmon from Virginia. They settled on farmland about four miles northwest of the village of Greenville (which was originally called Pleasantburg) and had at least 14 children. (</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Emily was born in 1812 and married James Rosamond in 1833.</span>) Capt. Young and his brother acquired large tracts of land northwest of Greenville along the Buncombe Road. Some of their acreage eventually became part of Furman University<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> when the campus was relocated from downtown Greenville in the 1950s.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> It was about 1792 when </span>Capt. Young began building the Rock House, using granite quarried from nearby Paris Mountain and brought down by slave-driven ox carts. The stone walls are 36 inches thick outside and 26 inside. It's likely that he employed some of he same stonemasons who built the Poinsett Bridge in 1820. The house has eight rooms, a central hallway, and a </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">secret compartment in the attic where the family hid heirlooms and food to protect them from the Union raiders.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></span>The Rock House may have still been under construction when the captain died in 1826. The house eventually served as a stagecoach stop and a post office on the Buncombe Road.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">After the Civil War, the Rock House was owned by Benjamin Franklin Perry Jr., whose father was the post-war governor of South Carolina. The younger Perry had married one of the captain's granddaughters. Thackston, a widowed Confederate veteran, inherited the house and lived there until his death in 1909. Then the house was passed down to his daughter Emily (1875-1958) and her brother Henry (1866-1943), who farmed the land until his death. In 1956, "Aunt Em" vacated the Rock House at age 81, and the place </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">fell into disrepair. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In 1958, lawyer Harry J. Haynsworth III and his wife Jean bought the Rock House for $7,500 and renovated it into a formal home. Haynsworth (1923-1994) was the brother of Clement F. Haynsworth Jr. (1912-1989), a Supreme Court nominee in 1969. The taxable market value in 2020 is assessed at $326,420.</span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEid0A7udMx05SJWzrHFsuPTGEFNqpzjyAiVfiHA9wwPJSc7kFgokXJdmvFy2eyQz-Myj7FRDi5of8bqNMKk3qJogqVgo7ivF-L_zNBGXYAVVOxBmTnhjoqhhwwjMarApun4bPdVFr8YupI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-28+at+4.28.59+PM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1121" data-original-width="650" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEid0A7udMx05SJWzrHFsuPTGEFNqpzjyAiVfiHA9wwPJSc7kFgokXJdmvFy2eyQz-Myj7FRDi5of8bqNMKk3qJogqVgo7ivF-L_zNBGXYAVVOxBmTnhjoqhhwwjMarApun4bPdVFr8YupI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-28+at+4.28.59+PM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Greenville_District%2C_South_Carolina_LOC_2007627607.jpg">Robert Mills' 1820 Atlas</a> shows Capt. Young's Rock House between Greenville and Paris Mountain. Buncombe Road is labeled as From Saluda Gap to Greenville 28.00 (miles).</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><br /></span></span></b>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: arial;">RELATED GREENVILLE STORIES</span></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">➤ </span></span></b><a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-raid-is-worst-form-of-war.html">'Raid is the worst form of war'</a></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">➤ </span></span></b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-dodges-last-bullet-of.html">Greenville dodges last bullet of Stoneman's Raid </a></span></span><br />
</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">➤ </span></span></b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/10/greenville-prepare-to-meet-your-god.html">'Prepare to meet your God' </a></span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/10/greenville-prepare-to-meet-your-god.html" style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></a></span><br />
<br />Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-84384292736707315112020-05-01T12:27:00.010-04:002022-10-03T09:16:10.603-04:00Yankee raider plundered heart of a Carolina girl<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbT-84Q2rNn93R4q-9x3HAy1Fbni2eBNibyV817O7a5beGd-z-WjLTVxMGP6lEsnlxaQiZ3JlIUyjL1vWg_6suHBuEfD6MtUZGa_224NRAZlFHJUfdarBYkZ5Ac5fno7buVAthHYZx2iM/s1600/Thomas+Moore+farm.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="448" data-original-width="583" height="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbT-84Q2rNn93R4q-9x3HAy1Fbni2eBNibyV817O7a5beGd-z-WjLTVxMGP6lEsnlxaQiZ3JlIUyjL1vWg_6suHBuEfD6MtUZGa_224NRAZlFHJUfdarBYkZ5Ac5fno7buVAthHYZx2iM/s640/Thomas+Moore+farm.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Thirty years after the Civil War skirmish at her family home, Caty Moore Callahan Long (1847-1904) and her second husband Billy Long (1848-1914) sat for this 1895 portrait. Caty's son Lige Callahan was not present; his wife Lizzie Black Callahan is standing in the center, along with their young daughters: Minnie, Fannie, and Hattie. Billy Long is holding Caty's grandson Tom Callahan. Also standing are the Long children: Caroline, Janie Ellison, George and Ezekiel. Tom was the last of Lizzie's children born in a cabin on the Moore farm, so this picture was taken about the time that Lige moved his family to Piedmont.</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqkxq-2PCElq6DlKrHYjNOgtidu7jWH7fYRZpuEUElFrZWyuVbPxZdKqYqxAnzU1AMvFudXOubyC5157fqIbSNHxYwDMOk_9phaX7CV_hiJGKumeWb6MamiWkH7JlXkSirx2BuyFcmqlw/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-06-25+at+9.07.38+AM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="520" data-original-width="290" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqkxq-2PCElq6DlKrHYjNOgtidu7jWH7fYRZpuEUElFrZWyuVbPxZdKqYqxAnzU1AMvFudXOubyC5157fqIbSNHxYwDMOk_9phaX7CV_hiJGKumeWb6MamiWkH7JlXkSirx2BuyFcmqlw/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-06-25+at+9.07.38+AM.png" width="177" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Lige with his pet goose</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwBkRS6itDTwZo2B_qNiiDuDpp7lOWhoG3BPOHENrGVqw1tjKX2AVOjhiIB1XMbdENfcWBjXJ2YDTC8nElx-860Zl711kg5R3yxe3nLcptrwr5aaOMi5mhbIPgbE00Qxt9rIBkbetJgJ0/s1600/Lige+Callahan.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1192" data-original-width="742" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwBkRS6itDTwZo2B_qNiiDuDpp7lOWhoG3BPOHENrGVqw1tjKX2AVOjhiIB1XMbdENfcWBjXJ2YDTC8nElx-860Zl711kg5R3yxe3nLcptrwr5aaOMi5mhbIPgbE00Qxt9rIBkbetJgJ0/s320/Lige+Callahan.jpg" width="198" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lige Callahan</span><br /><i><span style="font-size: x-small;">(from a family reunion booklet)</span></i></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: x-large;"><b>Meet the unlikely son of the 'Battle of Anderson'</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">PIEDMONT, S.C.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> I love it when legends turn out to be true.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> I've reported a few legends in the pages of The Stoneman Gazette, including some from the so-called <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/the-battle-of-anderson-revisited.html">"Battle of Anderson,"</a> where I had heard a legend that a wounded Yankee later returned to South Carolina to thank the Southern belles who saved his life. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> More recently, I was delighted to hear from several members of the family, who filled me in on the rest of the story, which is far better than the legend. Not only did the Yankee return, but he married a young lady who lived on the farm where he was wounded</span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">—</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">and they had a son. After the devil caught up with the Yankee, so to speak, </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">his widow married the son of a Confederate veteran who fought at Bull Run. So Caty Moore Callahan Long was connected to the first and last combat of the Civil War. </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ13IRdvogrsHU0bfH6N_vdsJFnHZXZ62XbfsJrplEmzfpQI5M5UwjDKN6Hj2jQpcGhYOdQ-h6lBgeIoSs57RVHFrHaPP8OaSDIjPjU2591yTWkbYI5qqopkvkYRJ9FixhoL01pltKk_c/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-13+at+5.06.49+PM.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="261" data-original-width="603" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ13IRdvogrsHU0bfH6N_vdsJFnHZXZ62XbfsJrplEmzfpQI5M5UwjDKN6Hj2jQpcGhYOdQ-h6lBgeIoSs57RVHFrHaPP8OaSDIjPjU2591yTWkbYI5qqopkvkYRJ9FixhoL01pltKk_c/s640/Screen+Shot+2020-04-13+at+5.06.49+PM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>The marker in Williamston (left) is 10 miles from the actual site of the fighting. </b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <b>There were at least three skirmishes in Anderson County on May 1, 1865</b> as <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">Stoneman's raiders converged on Anderson</a> in pursuit of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Two were near Craytonville and Pendleton.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span></span>The one that figures into this story was near Williamston, halfway between Anderson and Greenville. It's the only one that has monuments</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">—a state historical marker in Williamston which commemorates "one of the last engagements of the war," and also a stone erected at the actual site by the Sons of the Confederate Veterans which calls the skirmish "the last unit action of the war east of the Mississippi River."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The site of the skirmish was a farm on Old Williamston Road, just off I-85 at Exit 35, about a mile north of Shiloh Methodist Church. This was the home of Thomas B. Moore (1803-1873). Part of the Moore family farmhouse still stands on the property.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> This is where a squad from the 10th Michigan Cavalry encountered a group of teenagers from the Columbia Arsenal, which was a prep school for The Citadel in Charleston. Neither side was looking for a fight, but gunshots soon rang out. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Both sides sustained wounds. Cadet James Spearman of Newberry was shot in the hand. A Michigan cavalryman was shot from his horse and apparently abandoned by his squad as they disengaged from the fight.<br /></span></span><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> His identity is something of a mystery. After searching regimental records, I concluded he was James O. Callaghan, from Grand Rapids, Mich., who enlisted at age 41 and would have been one of the oldest members of Company E. Yet some family members say that DNA tests indicate he was from Kentucky. The 11th and 12th Kentucky Cavalry were part of the raid, but I have not found their fosters. </span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> We will call him Callahan, because that's the name of his descendants. </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Some of the Southerners were eager to finish off the fallen Yankee, but the </span></span><span style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Moore family rescued him and saved his life. He recovered in a wayside hospital in Greenville, which was occupied by Union forces after the war. At some point, Callahan returned to the scene of the battle, was charmed by the farmer's teenage daughter, Emily Catherine Moore (1847-1904), known as "Caty." They moved (possibly eloped) to Texas, where their son was born in 1867. They named him Elijah, after Caty's grandfather, and called him "Lige."</span></div><div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDwjr4Q-67lcPEZtk7qHpuYiXea_DcefvQexx6jJ45sNqfYZw_m8M2FnL8w9y9OuEko0jE-ShR3aTMbgh7nv5IPJIK4UIdn57mdFerJhMS1jExN6AFeWUAwETTjMJKS4cEKkOTU6A1RH1ns-4w4ObsBmnN6oyXAEHF-tDbXlSjrkBT7yRNrOsEW50x/s485/1882%20clip%20Devil%20John%20Moore.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="458" data-original-width="485" height="302" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDwjr4Q-67lcPEZtk7qHpuYiXea_DcefvQexx6jJ45sNqfYZw_m8M2FnL8w9y9OuEko0jE-ShR3aTMbgh7nv5IPJIK4UIdn57mdFerJhMS1jExN6AFeWUAwETTjMJKS4cEKkOTU6A1RH1ns-4w4ObsBmnN6oyXAEHF-tDbXlSjrkBT7yRNrOsEW50x/s320/1882%20clip%20Devil%20John%20Moore.png" width="320" /></a></div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span></span>James Callahan was scorned by his in-laws, and not just because he was a Yankee. He was often drunk and abusive toward Caty. He eventually disappeared, possibly at the hands of Caty's brother, John Moore (1830-1905), a ruffian known as "Devil John." (A dastardly deed by John Moore against Billy Long is described in this 1882 clipping from the <i>Anderson Intelligencer.</i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The family rarely talked about Caty's first marriage, according to Jimmy Orr, the great-great-grandson of Caty and her second husband, Billy Long. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">"It was considered shameful for many years," Orr said. Modern generations were not even sure of Lige's father's name until they found "James Callahan" listed on Lige's 1937 death certificate.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span>According to family stories Orr heard from his grandmother and great-aunt in the 1990s, one night Devil John Moore rode home with Callahan's horse and told Caty "he must have drowned in the river." When Caty wanted to remarry, her brother assured her that she did not need to worry about the return of James Callahan.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Lige's descendants compiled a family history for a reunion in the late 1990s. It includes two stories of the demise of James Callahan. One says that he lost all his money while gambling in a town on the Mississippi River and then left his family behind. A</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">nother tale says that Caty and James made it to Texas and setttled on a farm, where dust storms and domestic abuse made her life miserable. The 1870 census shows that Caty and Lige had returned to South Carolina and were living with her parents.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipRKDEZQbaAtvYlHAMSHoTp9NnJWJlm9p5KSn-n10_0BXFBpZ2w8NGEbOWJyB-m8L4UPiop09BXLPZSftdiETJC5IWj_9TBPhhryrgz_7ZitYPzcCO_RgzwfQ8JfakrYwzz2yf_JYyt_E/s1600/Lt.John+Long.jpeg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="368" data-original-width="215" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipRKDEZQbaAtvYlHAMSHoTp9NnJWJlm9p5KSn-n10_0BXFBpZ2w8NGEbOWJyB-m8L4UPiop09BXLPZSftdiETJC5IWj_9TBPhhryrgz_7ZitYPzcCO_RgzwfQ8JfakrYwzz2yf_JYyt_E/s200/Lt.John+Long.jpeg" width="115" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Lt. John Long</b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Around 1872, </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Caty married Billy Long, the son of a Confederate soldier named John Ezekiel Long (1826-1905), who was a 1st Lieutenant with the 4th S.C. Volunteers and fought in the <a href="https://video.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?fr=yhs-pty-pty_maps&hsimp=yhs-pty_maps&hspart=pty&p=manassas#id=1&vid=da397c0aae217681a2fe098b55fb279f&action=click">First Battle of Bull Run</a> (Manassas) that began the Civil War. On the morning of July 21, 1861, Lt. Long's unit bravely thwarted a Union flanking move on Matthews Hill</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">—ensuring a</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Confederate victory and signaling that the war would not end quickly.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Caty and Billy Long </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">had four sons and four daughters while also raising "Lige," who inherited his father's temper and often did not get along with his half-siblings</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Caty died of tuberculosis at age 57 in 1904, and Billy Long died at age 65 in 1914. In her will, Caty left the </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Moore homeplace to her daughter, Janie Long Ellison; perhaps because she didn't trust Lige to manage it well. She left Lige just one dollar, and he vowed he would never touch it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In 1887, 20-year-old </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Lige Callahan married 18-year-old Carrie Elizabeth "Lizzie" Black, the daughter of a Confederate veteran. She had Native American blood, and many of their children had black hair and dark complexions. Their five oldest children were born in a cabin on the Moore farm, and the rest were born in the town of Piedmont. Today they have dozens of descendants, including including Mitchells, McCalls, Hoopers, Robinsons, and Callahans. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Like many men of his generation, Lige went to work in the new cotton mills that sprang up quickly across the South. The <a href="https://www.greenvilleonline.com/story/opinion/2019/09/08/greenville-history-origin-piedmont-manufacturing-company/2192018001/">Piedmont Manufacturing Company</a> opened in 1873 on the banks of the Saluda River, and the town of Piedmont grew up around the mills. (Seven years later, the nearby mill town of Pelzer was founded by <a href="https://www.southcarolinamanufacturing.com/ellison-adger-smyth/">Ellison Adger Smyth</a>, who probably was one of the cadets who fought at Moore's Farm.)</span><br />
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The 1910 census lists Lige as a cotton mill slasher living at 2 Anderson Street in Piedmont. (A slasher operated a machine that starched the fabric as the yarn was woven.) The address probably should be Academy Street, which was a driveway connecting Anderson Street to the town's original school.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Most of Lige's children also worked in the mill, and none of them made it past seventh grade in school. </span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggWSLai40NEOjIyyMmgOWpB4fswASSeH75AILD_FY0JB5L5YgDyKsHdeubIe66HcXUeM1kgTN0ujYStBpoXYeHy9qQt3OlApx_tslifXwIMjBSRihZlZaWyV3FFNI_RbDWfVYkXtRa6gc/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-06-25+at+11.10.34+AM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="207" data-original-width="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggWSLai40NEOjIyyMmgOWpB4fswASSeH75AILD_FY0JB5L5YgDyKsHdeubIe66HcXUeM1kgTN0ujYStBpoXYeHy9qQt3OlApx_tslifXwIMjBSRihZlZaWyV3FFNI_RbDWfVYkXtRa6gc/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-06-25+at+11.10.34+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>Lige Callahan's 6-room house still stands<br /> at 2 Academy Street in Piedmont</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In the 1920 census, Lige was listed as a mill operative living at 2 Academy Street, and in 1930, he was a carpenter living on McElrath Street, near <a href="https://preservesc.org/places-at-risk-2018/piedmont-footbridge/">the iconic footbridge</a> that connected the Piedmont mills until it was <a href="https://www.facebook.com/jacob.m.chandler/videos/vb.584556931/10156692617176932/?type=2&theater">destroyed in a 2020 flood</a>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Lige became a skilled carpenter, even though he was handicapped by a clubbed foot, could not read, and had a weakness for alcohol. He was a member of the Masonic Lodge, played the fiddle, smoked a pipe, raised a garden, and kept a pet goose that would fly to meet him when the mill whistle sounded at the end of his shift.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In 1910, Lige told the census that he was born in South Carolina (perhaps protecting a family secret), but in 1920 and 1930 he said his birthplace was in Texas. One family tradition said he was born in Sherman, Texas, a town on the Oklahoma border. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Lizzie Callahan suffered a stroke at age 53 in 1924 and was in a wheelchair until she died in 1930.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> When 70-year-old Lige Callahan died of kidney disease at Greenville's St. Francis Hospital in 1937, he had 28 grandchildren and eight great-grandchildren. His son Dub filled out Lige's death certificate, verifying his father's name, James Callahan, and his birthplace in Texas, without specifying the town. </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Lige and Lizzie are buried at Shiloh United Methodist Church, about a mile south of the Moore family homeplace and just a few yards away from what is now the northbound shoulder of I-85.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Their sons were:</span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Jim Callahan</b> (1888-1960), possibly named for his Yankee grandfather, never married, taught himself to read the Bible.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Tom Callahan</b> (1895-1950), known as the best weaver in the Piedmont Mill.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Donald "Dub" Callahan</b> (1903-1960), made a career in the Piedmont Mill, became a 33rd-degree Mason like his father, married Anna Hunnicut and had one son.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Elijah Callahan Jr.</b> (1911-1994), a carpenter who married Faye White, had two children. When little Ligia was 12, he repaired a broken fiddle for his father. </span></li>
</ol>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Their daughters were:</span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Minnie Mitchell</b> (1891-1973), eloped with Henry Mitchell and raised 10 children on a farm in Greenville County. I'm grateful to her great-granddaughters Heddie Fogle Adams and Shannon Owens Wyatt for sharing the family history and helping me cross-check details.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Fannie Hooper</b> (1892-1930), married a mill co-worker named William Hooper, died while giving birth to her sixth child.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Hattie Robinson</b> (1893-1985), eloped with co-worker Chris Robinson, raised 10 children in Lige's old house at 2 Academy Street in Piedmont.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lessie Fleming</b> (1897-1973), married World War I veteran Henry Fleming. They spent much of their life in Florida and the Charlotte area.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Ressie Patat</b> (1901-1966), married Emory Patat. They raised four children in Athens, Ga.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dessie "Det" McCall</b> (1905-1966), married Cleo McCall, who was a sailor in World War II, settled in Pickens County.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Mary Callahan</b> (1908-2001), stayed in Piedmont to care for her mother and father in their last years, then worked in the mill. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Kate Callahan</b> (1914-1923), named for her grandmother, died of diphtheria at age nine.</span></li>
</ol>
<div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtrfzoxprImMFIyMQqphKBTLNCvvChnp0MCsR7_1kirRZSj_zPlzewSQ3y4jY-r6k_pmgFXSc39874vo6vPASYl7xLcIaGsGkgBnMB06wtW8YSYsS4tzTuiHnouU7JtfRXrd1Myf256f8/s1600/Elijah+Callahan+stone.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtrfzoxprImMFIyMQqphKBTLNCvvChnp0MCsR7_1kirRZSj_zPlzewSQ3y4jY-r6k_pmgFXSc39874vo6vPASYl7xLcIaGsGkgBnMB06wtW8YSYsS4tzTuiHnouU7JtfRXrd1Myf256f8/s400/Elijah+Callahan+stone.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; text-align: center;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-size: 13.2px;"> </span>RELATED ANDERSON STORIES</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">Anderson: 'They wished to ruin us'</a><br />➤ <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/the-battle-of-anderson-revisited.html">The Battle of Anderson, revisited</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-audacity-of-cute-yankee.html">Emmala's War: Audacity of the 'cute Yankee'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-many-drunken-demons.html">Emmala's War: 'Many drunken demons'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-ruined-humiliated-people.html">Emmala's War: 'A ruined, humiliated people'</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/lets-stop-us-cavalry-with-winefest.html">How to stop the Yankees? With a winefest</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacys-last-martyr-fell-here.html">One of the Confederacy's last martyrs fell here</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/01/the-lincoln-calhoun-debate.html">Craytonville: A crossroads for Stoneman's Raid</a><br />➤ <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/06/angel-of-mercy-behind-andersons-monument.html">'Angel of mercy' behind Anderson's monument</a></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, sans-serif;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-56825792164954925052020-04-20T14:07:00.003-04:002022-08-04T09:53:49.724-04:00The battle of Anderson, revisited<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_nDe7I8cRs4x5do7VTxE4NBHgyYMjAjz2rvDqiJP_AGKB9dZTlRLKeJN4ube_Bjrix2Odc_lx9F8PZwMDsqYO8u5au29ZZ4hGNNRcem6oJTBk5ME3ST3FVUydV6NmEjumN0hD_23yQVQ/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-21+at+2.34.41+PM.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="340" data-original-width="571" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_nDe7I8cRs4x5do7VTxE4NBHgyYMjAjz2rvDqiJP_AGKB9dZTlRLKeJN4ube_Bjrix2Odc_lx9F8PZwMDsqYO8u5au29ZZ4hGNNRcem6oJTBk5ME3ST3FVUydV6NmEjumN0hD_23yQVQ/s640/Screen+Shot+2020-04-21+at+2.34.41+PM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>This is the 163-year-old flag that the Arsenal cadets rallied around in the "Battle of Anderson." It is displayed at The Citadel Museum in Charleston, S.C. (Photo courtesy The Citadel Archives and Museum)</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">PIEDMONT, S.C.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Where was the last battle of the Civil War? Depending on how you define a battle, it might have been in Anderson County. </span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> There were three brief skirmishes in the county on May 1, 1865, as thousands of mounted Yankees converged on Anderson to pursue fugitive Confederate President Jefferson Davis. One was near Craytonville, where <a href="https://archive.org/details/historyoffifteen00kirk/page/582/mode/2up/search/Spartanburg">locals fired on the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry</a>. Another was near what is now La France Mill, where Col. W.R. Jones' Pendleton Mounted Infantry challenged Yankees from Michigan, Kentucky, or Tennessee. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> The third incident happened <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">at Thomas Moore's farm halfway between Anderson and Greenville. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Historical markers describe this as "one of the last engagements of the war" and "the last unit action of the War between the States east of the Mississippi," the units being a squad from the 10th Michigan Cavalry and the Arsenal Cadets, also known as Company B of the State Battalion. Mercifully, none of those skirmishes resulted in a loss of life.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh19es4TToRaPl2heNLyCqkHvSJx2QPkA4gww-xsSvwKtW1rpBV3S7jCNZdybzyAlOl0KsYUKEi81LWPL-qkiFdLXklUDCF-jxS08rWWHaNypMzevuut3FEixH4ohdhu-wvkaZFEDyyhLs/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-28+at+10.39.40+AM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="439" data-original-width="591" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh19es4TToRaPl2heNLyCqkHvSJx2QPkA4gww-xsSvwKtW1rpBV3S7jCNZdybzyAlOl0KsYUKEi81LWPL-qkiFdLXklUDCF-jxS08rWWHaNypMzevuut3FEixH4ohdhu-wvkaZFEDyyhLs/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-04-28+at+10.39.40+AM.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Memorial in Waynesville, N.C.</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> However, the gunshots in the Anderson countryside were not the last hostilities of the war. One of the Arsenal cadets who fought at Moore's Farm, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacys-last-martyr-fell-here.html">McKenzie Parker, was killed by Stoneman's raiders May 3 in downtown Anderson</a>, as was <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/honor-warriors-if-not-war.html">Texas Ranger A.C. Wall in a midnight skirmish May 9 in Madison, Ga.</a> About <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-dodges-last-bullet-of.html">May 23 in Greenville</a>, one of Stoneman's Tennessee regiments came under fire from a loosely organized Home Guard. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Waynesville, N.C., also makes a claim to the last shot of the war on May 6, 1865, when Thomas' Legion (composed largely Cherokee Indians loyal to the Confederacy) killed James Arwood of the Union's 2nd N.C. Infantry. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> There were even two Yankees killed by friendly fire <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/jeff-davis-dilemma-station-wagon-or.html">May 10 in Irwinville, Ga., during the capture of Jefferson Davis</a>, when two Union lines mistook each other for </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Confederate bodyguards.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglhA4pNrQdmkf36pfDyj_4pfIfxU14PHUgAMRrttcG-lOXanv4gZi3exPJYQY8cNEFDQomyYI5eCdL5zJflLj0XCJbzw13oNiFSuNWxyShi7mO-FWSva2N37C1LkfoxRTn3flM7Qp6alk/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-04-13+at+5.06.49+PM.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="261" data-original-width="603" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglhA4pNrQdmkf36pfDyj_4pfIfxU14PHUgAMRrttcG-lOXanv4gZi3exPJYQY8cNEFDQomyYI5eCdL5zJflLj0XCJbzw13oNiFSuNWxyShi7mO-FWSva2N37C1LkfoxRTn3flM7Qp6alk/s640/Screen+Shot+2020-04-13+at+5.06.49+PM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>The marker on the left is in downtown Williamston and implies that "one of the last engagements of the war" took place in nearby Mineral Spring Park. Actually, the skirmish happened 10 miles away at Thomas Moore's farm. </b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Some of the details of the so-called <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">battle of Anderson</a> weren't easy to nail down when I wrote about it during the 150th anniversary of Stoneman's Raid in 2015. Since then, I've come across some old newspaper accounts and eyewitness reports from the Confederates.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Arsenal Academy was a school in Columbia that was essentially a prep school for The Citadel in Charleston. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">In
1865, when Charleston anticipated an attack from Gen. William T. Sherman, The
Citadel sent its flag to Columbia for safekeeping. Then Sherman decided
to attack Columbia instead of Charleston, and the Arsenal cadets took
the flag and began marching through the countryside to elude the Yankees.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> They eventually wound up in Greenville, where they helped guard a gun factory until </span>they heard of the approach of Stoneman's cavalry. <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/peace-down-east-war-out-west-it-flip.html">Knowing that Robert E. Lee had already surrendered, they weren't looking for a fight</a>, so they began retreating toward Newberry. They stopped to rest at Thomas Moore's farm in northern Anderson County, near what is now the town of Piedmont. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The farm was in the Williamston Township, even though it was 10 miles from the town of Williamston.</span></span> Piedmont and Pelzer did not exist at the time, though one of the cadets, <a href="https://www.southcarolinamanufacturing.com/ellison-adger-smyth/">Ellison Adger Smyth, would put Pelzer on the map</a> by building a cotton mill there. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The 10th Michigan Cavalry was riding from <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/breaking-news-original-stoneman-gazettes.html">Spartanburg</a> toward Anderson, where they were to rendezvous with other regiments from Stoneman's Raid and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/hunting-jefferson-davis-to-end-of-earth.html">pursue Davis "to the end of the earth."</a> Their route brought them through the Golden Grove community south of Greenville. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> On their way to Anderson, the Michigan cavalry divided into squads to try to pick up the trail of <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacy-returns-home-to-die.html">Jefferson Davis—who was actually taking a more southerly path via Greenwood and Abbeville</a>. </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Guided down a country lane by a freed slave, the Union cavalry stumbled upon the cadets at Moore's Farm.</span></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMqa8xrqmgnD7y-NVQGzvN45AYNW38dmkF4uCzMi3EA-TELIFYlwyEUGp8p68XcgWfQeVfbClT7tgC-c10MJntjm5spqB9qrLtBNwcTCSv-xmum-IunJPjg0pCdYpdEdqJ1U6-G8sRCSQ/s1600/10th+mi+map.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="545" data-original-width="680" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMqa8xrqmgnD7y-NVQGzvN45AYNW38dmkF4uCzMi3EA-TELIFYlwyEUGp8p68XcgWfQeVfbClT7tgC-c10MJntjm5spqB9qrLtBNwcTCSv-xmum-IunJPjg0pCdYpdEdqJ1U6-G8sRCSQ/s640/10th+mi+map.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Route of the <a href="https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofte01trow/page/n71/mode/2up">10th Michigan Cavalry</a>. They were in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/still-standing-like-stone-wall.html">Lincolnton April 12</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/wading-through-blood-of-our-children.html">Newton April 17</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html">Asheville April 26</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/breaking-news-original-stoneman-gazettes.html">Spartanburg April 30</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">Anderson May 1-2</a>, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/athens-nothing-exultant-about-our-men.html">Athens May 5</a>.</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/coming-to-fork-in-raid.html"><b>Gen. </b></a></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/coming-to-fork-in-raid.html"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Stoneman had left the raid two weeks earlier</span></b></a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">,
and military discipline had broken down under Gen. Simeon
Brown. Many of the Union soldiers saw no purpose in pursuing Davis, now
that most Confederates had surrendered. </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/tennessee-yankees-chase-jeff-davis.html">By the end of the war, the Michigan, Kentucky, and Tennessee regiments in Stoneman's raid had a terrible reputation</a>, which was borne out by the way the Yankees pillaged and terrorized <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html">Asheville April 26</a> and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">Anderson May 1-2</a>, 1865</span></span> </span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Two renegades from </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Michigan lost their lives through their mischief in Anderson
County. The dates they died indicate that they had
abandoned the pursuit of Davis. By May 3, their regiments had left South
Carolina and were in Georgia. </span></div>
<ul>
<li><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Alanson
Wesley Chapman of Hillsdale, Michigan, accidentally shot himself May 5
near Pendleton while looting the Boscobel plantation of Rev. John Bailey
Adger. The <a href="https://archive.org/stream/mylifeandtimes00adgegoog#page/n349/mode/2up">preacher's memoirs</a> include
vivid details. "Chapman had stolen a fine young mare, and in mounting
her, his short carbine swung around. The hammer hit the pommel of his
saddle as the muzzle jabbed him under the chin, and he fell dead in the
yard." His fellow Yankees began going through the pockets of their dead
comrades to take his loot." When Adger saw watches Chapman had stolen
from his home, he declared, "The hand of God is on you men." They
returned the watches to him, and Rev. Adger gave the soldier a proper
burial. "I could do no less for any man who died at my door," the
preacher said.</span></li>
<li><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">David
"Harry" Morrison was killed May 9 between Greenville and Easley in
retaliation for the May 1 murder of civilian Matthew Ellison. Morrison,
18, was buried on Turner Hill near what is now the intersection of U.S.
23 and S.C. 153. Family members later reclaimed the bodies of Morrison
and Chapman. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> It's no wonder that the 10th Michigan Cavalry missed their opportunity for fame in the pursuit of Jefferson Davis. In fact, </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/hitting-wrong-jackpot-in-georgia.html">the 10th Michigan Cavalry was still over 100 miles behind Davis</a></span></span> when he was captured by the 4th Michigan Cavalry, who had come through Alabama. </span></span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFrFAlYQ_lUqHO7c3tv5H8dUTyvNxBKsn0KLiJqjzt5eG19D8GpY35ELHtq8Xdcp_5zLabtlVmHHQhn166LhIuOu78BOn9W_dVbaeMKI06C5Nb9uXQQuPDPq4oCPggY-LrUhO-I9k4TD8/s1600/jpt.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="345" data-original-width="250" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFrFAlYQ_lUqHO7c3tv5H8dUTyvNxBKsn0KLiJqjzt5eG19D8GpY35ELHtq8Xdcp_5zLabtlVmHHQhn166LhIuOu78BOn9W_dVbaeMKI06C5Nb9uXQQuPDPq4oCPggY-LrUhO-I9k4TD8/s320/jpt.jpg" width="230" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Capt. John Peyre Thomas</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> On
the day of the "battle of Anderson," the Michigan outfit may have been looking for places to
plunder, and Moore's stately two-story home would have been a likely target. In that case, it might have been every man for himself, which would explain why the squad abandoned their wounded comrade, James Callahan, on the field of battle, rather </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">than fighting to rescue one of their own.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The superintendent of the Arsenal, Capt. John Peyre Thomas, wrote a history of South Carolina Military Academy in 1893, where he described the events that led to the Anderson skirmish. After the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee April 9 in Virginia and Gen. Joseph Johnstone April 26 in North Carolina, he said his cadets were "the only organized body in arms in the state, and perhaps in the South, this side of the Mississippi River."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span></span>Capt. Thomas doesn't mention it, but historian Thomas Bland Keys wrote in his paper <a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/27567307">"The Federal Pillage of Anderson: Brown's Raid,"</a> that a local militia led by Lt. W.P. Price fought alongside the cadets. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> With so many armed men roaming the countryside, and with Southern blood boiling in defeat, </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">it didn't take much to spark a shootout. From Thomas' book: </span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkpiBCPADeQC5rol66aHEu5fFKEAHBB6Yrg2kCO1O1RfC7ugwtnRrhUFFXzZy8oKROfCJ-Uq2QjAYkJced8L4zVug3-8x8UCy1RGxjYciJdxO5lVfQwSxDhc8BA2fDhleVR4TmplQeXXk/s1600/thomas+1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="586" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkpiBCPADeQC5rol66aHEu5fFKEAHBB6Yrg2kCO1O1RfC7ugwtnRrhUFFXzZy8oKROfCJ-Uq2QjAYkJced8L4zVug3-8x8UCy1RGxjYciJdxO5lVfQwSxDhc8BA2fDhleVR4TmplQeXXk/s640/thomas+1.png" width="600" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2OES0nn4FQTrh7vMXDpzwx7ke06mC6gOw72Cb-xRO3TRt67rCRxQW52zFkHdkvtX81MJ8M0lexURD59VnG4xWCuyFhjPz4FdZ37H85CcvHXEEunCKx3UZIEDZJ8FgeO_w6D8Zl8QAqXA/s1600/thomas+2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="287" data-original-width="594" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2OES0nn4FQTrh7vMXDpzwx7ke06mC6gOw72Cb-xRO3TRt67rCRxQW52zFkHdkvtX81MJ8M0lexURD59VnG4xWCuyFhjPz4FdZ37H85CcvHXEEunCKx3UZIEDZJ8FgeO_w6D8Zl8QAqXA/s640/thomas+2.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">In another passage, Capt. Thomas described the flag as </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">"blue
Lyons silk" decorated on one side with the coat of arms of the state of South
Carolina and on the reverse with the names of S.C. Revolutionary War battles—Fort Moultrie,
Cowpens, King's Mountain, Eutaw Springs. The banner was a gift from the Washington Light Infantry (named for a cousin of George Washington), an organization that is still active in Charleston.</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> When I first heard about the cadets rallying around the flag, I thought it might be <a href="https://bigredpalmetto.store/blogs/news/big-red-comes-home">"Big Red,"</a> th</span></span></span></span></span>e famous 5x7-foot banner that was captured by a Union soldier after the war and kept in an Iowa museum for many decades. Since 2018, "Big Red" has been displayed at the Holliday Alumni Center at The Citadel, and the state governors have been negotiating a permanent loan that would keep the flag in Charleston.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> At Moore's Farm, the </span>Yankees realized they were outnumbered. They soon retreated and took another route to Anderson. According to Louise Ayer Vandiver's history of Anderson County, the cadets' stand prevented the Yankees from burning the nearby trestle on the Greenville & Columbia Railroad. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The wounded Yankee later <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/yankee-raider-stole-heart-of-carolina.html">returned to marry Thomas Moore's daughter</a>. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>Newspaper accounts written decades after the skirmish</b></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> embellish the story. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Orr sent me this 1942 account in the Anderson Independent. The picture shows the house as may have appeared in 1865, along with the well that the cadets found so welcome. The clipping is smudged in places, and some of the names and details are hard to read. I've transcribed it below:</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6_fGLA-pZUwdIVzMKe2Z70FebJ1aQ0O8R0ZVzXXAROIytUFHgU6AlNVjZmLALIJ1_us0CH-RfhgA9CyjbTHNEmkWXynUtXBnLeTj8iUF53noSVEDbrl5K9l45zhj-yc4p7WBwDfULhGY/s1600/anderson+1942+clip.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="280" data-original-width="405" height="442" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6_fGLA-pZUwdIVzMKe2Z70FebJ1aQ0O8R0ZVzXXAROIytUFHgU6AlNVjZmLALIJ1_us0CH-RfhgA9CyjbTHNEmkWXynUtXBnLeTj8iUF53noSVEDbrl5K9l45zhj-yc4p7WBwDfULhGY/s640/anderson+1942+clip.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">ONE OF LAST FIGHTS BETWEEN</span></span></b></div>
<div>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">CONFEDERATES AND YANKEES </span></span></b></div>
<div>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">TOOK PLACE NEAR ANDERSON</span></span></b></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b><br />Federal Soldier Wounded in Struggle Was Nursed Back To Health in House Still Standing and Married Southern Girl </b></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Uncle Tommy Moore was sitting on the front porch of his home admiring the peach orchard across the way, then in full bloom, when he heard the dust-muffled plod of marching feet. a moment later a column of grey-clad soldiers swung around the bend into full view. The men marched doggedly, some stooping slightly under the weight of their packs. The day was hot and the road rugged.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> "Why, there's just young boys, commented Uncle Tommy to his wife as the column neared his house. "I don't believe a one is more than 16 years old."</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /> He was correct in his appraisement of the soldiers. They were Arsenal cadets. With the exception of their commander, Colonel Thomas, none had even found it necessary to shave. The company had been guarding fortifications above Greenville, but retreated into Anderson County at the approach of Federal troops from North Carolina.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Also retreating was a company of regular arsenal soldiers from Greenville. This company overtook the cadets at the Uncle Tommy Moore place, where all proceded to stack arms, rest, and drink water from a cool well.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Many soldiers soon fell asleep, as they had been on the march all the previous night. Others soaked their swollen feet in a horse trough or took off their shoes and lolled about in the shade of the big oak trees A few sat around munching cold cornbread issued them as rations before leaving Greenville.<br /> Nobody heard cavalrymen approaching until several of the mounted men were less than 100 yards away. The alarm wouldn't have been sounded then had not a drowsy cadet sat up to fight off a troublesome wasp. When he opened his eyes, he saw uniforms of blue.<br /> "Yankees!" yelled the cadet, springing to his feet. "Yankees!"<br /> The Yankees were just as surprised as the Confederate soldiers, but had the advantage of being mounted and set to fight. Yelling and with revolvers blazing, they charged full tilt on the Moore home.<br /> Some of the boys fled into nearby woods, but others seized rifles and stood their ground The shooting was wild, but it halted the Yankees, who beat a retreat and turned into the White Plains Road. The Yankees were en route to destroy a railroad bridge over the Saluda River just below Piedmont. They gave up this plan after the encounter, however, not knowing the strength or identity of the Confederate force.<br /> One badly wounded Yankee was left behind. The maddened cadets would have dispatched him had not some of the women of the community come upon the scene and begged for his life. He was carried into the Moore home and nursed back to health. His name was Callahan, and he later married one of Uncle Tommy Moore's daughters.<br /> The Anderson boys who took part in this fight, which was probably the last clash between armed forces in South Carolina, were James L. Dean, McCullough, (other names unintelligible). A boy, James Spearman of Newberry, was wounded in the hand by a slug fired from a shotgun in the hands of a Negro who was piloting the Yankees. That Negro was Moss Jennings, a slave (unintelligible) to McElroy Jameson. Frank Blakely, a notorious outlaw and deserter from the Confederate Army, had enticed the negro from his master's home and used his as an aid in guiding a band of thieves and cutthroats through the country. In the fall of 1865, Blakely was captured and killed without further ceremony.<br /> The scene of the battle of May 1, 1865 is not drastically changed from what it was back then. The Uncle Tommy Moore home is there. So is the well and so is the road. The peach orchard is gone, and some of the woods have been cleared away, but a survivor of the last fight would have no difficulty in identifying the place were he to return their today.</span></span></span><br />
<br /></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<b></b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">In 1998, while I was working for The Greenville News</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">,</span></b><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> our Powdersville-Piedmont reporter Anna Simon retold the story when the stone marker was being dedicated, calling it the "Battle of Williamston."</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsQ3eJ4ComCwPMPCDChnSavxziMKBcPnkC9RMapMEmZgu10cRnTLPVFdecrr0I6_auK0-ZHOOiRgPkZ2q15re_Vq4Oi-i6MNvHyelen44mUoepG1bAtoZsnMC9nij28rzJm0A3Nv53Bow/s1600/battle+of+anderson+1988.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="750" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsQ3eJ4ComCwPMPCDChnSavxziMKBcPnkC9RMapMEmZgu10cRnTLPVFdecrr0I6_auK0-ZHOOiRgPkZ2q15re_Vq4Oi-i6MNvHyelen44mUoepG1bAtoZsnMC9nij28rzJm0A3Nv53Bow/s640/battle+of+anderson+1988.jpg" width="500" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Piedmont monument to mark site</b></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>of Civil War 'Battle of Williamston'</b></span><br />
<b><br /></b>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">By Anna Simon<br />Powdersville-Piedmont Bureau</span></span></b></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /> PIEDMONT—Weary Confederate soldiers were soaking their feet in a horse trough at Thomas Moore's Piedmont farm after walking from Greenville on May 1, 1865, when they heard hoofbeats.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Others in the company of about 150 Citadel cadets awoke from naps to see a company of Yankee soldiers riding toward them.Both groups were taken by surprise by the chance encounter that some historians say was the last skirmish of the Civil War east of the Mississippi.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> On April 19, 1998, a chest-high granite monument will be dedicated at the site of the skirmish, which became known as the Battle of Williamston because that was the closest town. There also is a marker at Williamston's Spring Water Park.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> "We think it's important to mark these places so future generations can understand their history," said Ed Kelly, director of the project for the Sons of Confederate Veterans Jefferson Davis Camp 7 and a Confederate re-enactor.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The war had ended with the South's surrender, but this skirmish was a Confederate victory, said Jimmy Orr, a great-great grandson of Thomas Moore. The Powdersville man heard the story from his grandmother.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The cadets from The Citadel, led by Capt. John P. Thomas, were tired and hungry when they ... (text hidden) ... looking farm house by an orchard near Shiloh Church," according to Gary R. Baker's book, "Cadets in Gray.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The original house, renovated as a ranch-style home, still stands on Old Williamston Road off State 86, near Oakley's Truck Stop on Interstate 85, Orr said. It remains in the family.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The mounted intruders saw the resting cadets and opened fire. According to Orr, the Union soldiers were looking for Jefferson Davis, who had fled Richmond and headed south, possibly along this route.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Louise Ayer Vandiver wrote in her book, "Traditions and History of Anderson County, that the cavalry planned to destroy a railroad bridge over the Saluda River.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The cadets returned fire with their Enfields. No one was killed in the brief exchange, before the smaller Union force retreated—and according to Vandiver, gave up the plan to burn the bridge.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Instead, according to Baker, they rode to Williamston and burned the train depot and the quartermaster's house.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Two men were injured in this skirmish. A cadet from Newberry was shot in the hand. A Yankee soldier was shot from his horse.The Moores took the wounded Yankee in. He recovered and married their teen-age daughter, Orr said. A couple of years later, they had a son.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> When the child was about a year old, the Yankee soldier mysteriously disappeared. According to family legend, he was shot by his brother-in-law, possibly in a dispute over mistreatment of his wife, Orr said.This was the last skirmish of the war east of the Mississippi, according to both Baker and William L. Watkins, author of Anderson County: The Things That Made It Happen."</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Aside from Moore's farmhouse, one other witness to the skirmish survives. The Citadel flag, carried by Capt. Thomas that day, remains at the Charleston school.</span></span></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; text-align: center;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-size: 13.2px;"> </span>RELATED ANDERSON STORIES</b></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">Anderson: 'They wished to ruin us'</a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/yankee-raider-stole-heart-of-carolina.html">Yankee raider plundered heart of Carolina girl</a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-audacity-of-cute-yankee.html">Emmala's War: Audacity of the 'cute Yankee'</a></span></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-many-drunken-demons.html">Emmala's War: 'Many drunken demons'</a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/emmalas-war-ruined-humiliated-people.html" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif;">Emmala's War: 'A ruined, humiliated people'</a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/lets-stop-us-cavalry-with-winefest.html">How to stop the Yankees? With a winefest</a></span></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times";">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacys-last-martyr-fell-here.html">One of the Confederacy's last martyrs fell here</a></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white;">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/01/the-lincoln-calhoun-debate.html" style="background-color: white; font-family: "trebuchet ms", trebuchet, sans-serif;">Craytonville: A crossroads for Stoneman's Raid</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white;">➤</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/06/angel-of-mercy-behind-andersons-monument.html" target="_blank"><span>Angel of Mercy' behind Anderson monument</span></a></span></div><div><br /></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-34755049538048681322020-04-12T12:43:00.001-04:002021-01-07T17:19:54.093-05:00Cavalry vs. Calvary: Not a hill to die on<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBaXoWizAmovY-j9r1fZdRZut-E0QiIU14tquJZbbkOjW0GSwArURtxruVXdnrn5rKQGBfKGwxcDmJqFef6lgBa-EOF2AFSnrxjf7Y1J17Bz-L7NDhpifdYYo_XKO3FasoYxglZ_6K85E/s1600/Screen+Shot+2019-01-02+at+1.50.29+PM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1051" data-original-width="825" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBaXoWizAmovY-j9r1fZdRZut-E0QiIU14tquJZbbkOjW0GSwArURtxruVXdnrn5rKQGBfKGwxcDmJqFef6lgBa-EOF2AFSnrxjf7Y1J17Bz-L7NDhpifdYYo_XKO3FasoYxglZ_6K85E/s640/Screen+Shot+2019-01-02+at+1.50.29+PM.png" width="502" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Etched in stone: Note the spelling correction on the seventh line of this marker</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Forty years ago, a British country singer named Paul Kennerly wrote a concept album dealing with the Civil War from a Southern perspective. "White Mansions" is far from politically correct, but it has become a cult classic. The characters were portrayed by Waylon Jennings, his wife Jessi Colter, and John Dillon and Steve Cash from the Ozark Mountain Daredevils.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">One of my favorite songs on the album was about two warhorses, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAS44YOS5QI">"The Union Mare and the Confederate Grey"</a> (click to listen). </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Kennerly betrays his roots by using "grey" instead of "gray," which is how we usually spell it down South.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">But the greater faux pas in the song is in the way Waylon Jennings sang it. In an otherwise outstanding performance, he pronounced cavalry as calvary:</span><br />
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Two horses were trotting. They pranced and they ran.<br />Each one was commanded by a <b><u>calvary</u></b> man.<br />Two horses stood grazing where their dead riders lay.<br />A Union mare and a Confederate grey.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">They nuzzled each other, as they teased and had fun.<br />They bathed in the warm rays of the old Southern sun.<br />No more senseless orders for them to obey.<br />So they acted like lovers, this mare and this grey.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Now these are such sad times that we're all living in.<br />For killing your brother is the mightiest sin.<br />How happy we'd be if we acted the way<br />of the Union mare and the Confederate grey.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Two horses were trotting. They pranced and they ran.<br /> Each one was commanded by a <b><u>calvary</u></b> man.<br />Two horses stood grazing where their dead riders lay.<br />A Union mare and a Confederate grey. </span></blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">At least when <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2017/04/till-stonemans-cavalry-came.html">Joan Baez recorded "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down,"</a> she got "cavalry" correct when she changed "till Stoneman's cavalry came" into "till so much cavalry came."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> It's a common mistake. The <a href="https://www.tampabay.com/news/It-s-cavalry-not-Calvary-so-veterans-group-is-paying-1-635-to-fix-monumental-typo_169084930/">Civil War memorial in Tampa, Fla., used Calvary instead of Cavalry</a>, and it cost the veterans' committee $1,635 to fix the cast metal plaque.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Cavalry was originally misspelled on the stone that marks the site of the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/04/yankee-raider-stole-heart-of-carolina.html" target="_blank">May 1, 1865, skirmish in northern Anderson County</a>, S.C. Jimmy Orr, who worked with the Sons of Confederate Veterans to install the monument in 1998, says he is unsure if the error was his or the engravers. "We Baptists are obsessed with Calvary, for obvious reasons," he said.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Toward the end of Stoneman's Raid, during the pursuit of Jefferson Davis, it is said that some of Stoneman's cavalry camped at Calvary Episcopal Church in Fletcher, N.C. <a href="https://mountainx.com/news/confederates-at-calvary/">This account of Gen. Stoneman sparing the church</a> is a myth, as the general was no longer with the raid by the time <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/put-confederate-capital-near-asheville.html">they passed through Henderson County</a>. We don't know much about the general's faith, but we do know he had a <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/exclusive-sarcastic-stoneman-chides.html">unique perspective on the desecration of Southern churches</a>.</span></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-48221275028470961522020-04-10T12:00:00.001-04:002020-08-27T14:58:22.168-04:00Extra! Extra! Read all about it! <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFcf9E7nEhlwLCFdlY7hqqYuVVg-dsVhULaoxCxRPbzZ1b1456Uj3E3Ffpfo2Gun7ZAf4a74JGinu6XhjtU_ChdcLqNU-Y7t1n1aYDDNizulZJeKzYinG1OyZhyXEjOE1TB7N87uFLuI4/s1600/Athens+paper.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1178" data-original-width="930" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFcf9E7nEhlwLCFdlY7hqqYuVVg-dsVhULaoxCxRPbzZ1b1456Uj3E3Ffpfo2Gun7ZAf4a74JGinu6XhjtU_ChdcLqNU-Y7t1n1aYDDNizulZJeKzYinG1OyZhyXEjOE1TB7N87uFLuI4/s640/Athens+paper.png" width="504" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><span face="" style="font-family: trebuchet; font-size: small;"><b>Yankees published <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/08/found-one-of-stonemans-newspapers.html">this 4-column extra</a> May 6, 1865, while they <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/athens-nothing-exultant-about-our-men.html">occupied Athens</a>.</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face="" style="font-size: medium;"> </span><br />
<span face="" style="font-size: large;"> If you are reading <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> on your phone or tablet (like many in our audience), we invite you to try us the way newspapers were meant to be read—with more than one column.</span><br />
<span face="" style="font-size: large;"> Open our page on an old-fashioned computer screen (or switch your iPhone to "View web version") and you'll discover a right-side column that features a search engine, a timeline that guides you day-by-day and town-by town along the path of the raid, and birthdays and biographical links for hundreds of folks who have graced our pages. This is also where we give proper credit to </span><span face="" style="font-size: large;">all the fine historians whose work we've plundered.</span><br />
<span face="" style="font-size: large;"> Our broadsheet edition also features section tabs where you can explore topics we've covered, such as <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/search/label/FAITH">Faith</a>, <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/search/label/MUSIC">Music</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/search/label/SPORTS">Sports</a>, <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/search/label/TECH">Tech</a>, and <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/search/label/TRAVEL">Travel</a>. Looking for a table of contents? <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/06/meet-better-angels-of-our-story.html">Start here</a>.<br /> In other words ... there's more to <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> than meets the iPhone.</span><span face="" style="font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span face="" style="font-size: medium; text-align: start;"> </span> <br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""><span style="text-align: start;">(If you're not pun-shy, </span></span><span face="">you're also invited to visit </span><span face=""><a href="http://tomlayton.blogspot.com/search/label/Puns">my other blog</a></span><span face=""><span face="">. </span><span style="text-align: start;"><span face=""><i>—</i></span></span><span face=""><i>Tom Layton</i>)</span></span><br />
<span face=""><span face=""><br /></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span face="">✭✭</span><span face="">✭</span></span><br />
<span face=""><br /></span>
<span face=""><b>THREEDOM OF THE PRESS:</b> The Athens newspaper (above) was one of three issues published by Union troops during Stoneman's Raid. Others were in <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Salisbury</a>, N.C., and <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/breaking-news-original-stoneman-gazettes.html">Spartanburg</a>, S.C.</span></div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-938556289214918312019-09-29T10:18:00.001-04:002019-11-22T08:53:58.338-05:00Salisbury's markers may not be replaced<div style="text-align: right;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="214" data-original-width="666" height="204" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYeCuPchkzV0K-XtbVCda1tO6bvarfaISByAsrTzSbWTctJYBIwy-zDg2WcdXInDKxXjKdE4LZiJ-s1L7gHNbkYMb9wsZFaZ8W902W8E81QO1aK5GZ3GjX0tvFpKYrhUMdc7Vzy0sf4WQ/s640/Sallisbury+marers.png" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The markers on the left and right have disappeared</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">SALISBURY, N.C.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Salisbury was the military climax of Stoneman's Raid</a>. On April 12, 1865—three days after Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox, Va.—about 4,000 Union troops captured the town, destroyed its <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/solemn-graveyard-was-once-ncs-first.html">notorious prison</a>, and burned a large storehouse of Confederate war supplies.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> North of the town at Fort York in Davidson County, a band of Confederates successfully defended the Yadkin River railroad trestle in one of the last Confederate victories of the Civil War. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span>Now, <a href="https://www.salisburypost.com/2019/09/29/state-asks-for-help-in-finding-missing-historical-markers-in-rowan-davidson-counties/">two historical markers that commemorate those events have disappeared</a>. A third marker in downtown Salisbury still stands. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span>We've written before about <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/12/marking-time-75-years-after-attack.html">how Stoneman's Raid markers have disappeared</a>. Some speculate they were taken down by offended Southern loyalists</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">—</span></span>but that wouldn't explain the Fort York marker, since it was a Confederate victory. They could also be victims of scrap-metal salvagers or souvenir hunters.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span>The cast aluminum markers cost $1,790. Ansley Wegner with the state historical markers association is quoted in the Salisbury Post as saying the state may not replace them, since there are 19 markers for Stoneman's Raid among the 1,612 markers statewide, which she suggested might be considered duplication.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> In fact, there are more state markers for Stoneman's Raid than for any other event in our history. Since the raid spanned 24 counties in western North Carolina, I could argue that 19 markers is not enough. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"> Including Civil War Trails markers and other local monuments, I am aware of <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/01/the-month-they-drove-old-dixie-down.html">42 displays in North Carolina </a>that commemorate Stoneman's Raid (or maybe 43, if you count <a href="https://www.facebook.com/NCHistoricalMarkers/photos/pcb.10157603599034798/10157603555544798/?type=3&__tn__=HH-R&eid=ARCbbpw5-RXW6hV9ldY8khBkBqr12lpXyzpLci51uq2Gy7g_5D16buE1Wi6IA9DeADIQCyVfuSNPhxPd&__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARDUhkB786C-e-g4QyhuStoD_kMkR0dvynb-BWYcqvLsGa7U3mX1mQvlXblaoEBe9aFVw2RjBcRAJH5eEt0ubpHf06dzCaaxBDkFmQEJPCp_iQDBHYeuA0JRX_LDpLsaE10TQLfRNfZGvw_komqJwAbtYrzpibk6s56_QY9EHpkKu7MyCg9vfc27awdUDv1N7qv9oU6whTudjCg7YHVdqo8nFsyo1tADU9hX2vXTKyUrj4gx-H_zmv4AE7U1TPvZHMMDcox8Pd1hFkMjtQTU9RJiuoRgHdhsOrfFI3M7ziss93Fc_LPKle795Kt70b_cUKklNnx0i0pWQZ-mMA">this homemade marker</a> in Rural Hall. </span>Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-68624745658538947002018-04-08T08:18:00.000-04:002020-06-17T14:40:38.892-04:00Boone honors its fallen 'Home Yankees'<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkw2U0BOWRBXxyCy4iGUzD7SfJfh6MZaQYpZXXAC5HaD8amP90MJXc9tR5kZl9HKTrEDMqepZZ1drA7CnkuPluNRyDjwWz1eMI9x8Rzah8T3qc-WK6-3mON2jhNWb2GjxeypaoZzz7Qkc/s1600/IMG_7228.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkw2U0BOWRBXxyCy4iGUzD7SfJfh6MZaQYpZXXAC5HaD8amP90MJXc9tR5kZl9HKTrEDMqepZZ1drA7CnkuPluNRyDjwWz1eMI9x8Rzah8T3qc-WK6-3mON2jhNWb2GjxeypaoZzz7Qkc/s640/IMG_7228.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">New stones mark the graves of John Maricle, Henry Evans, and William Bradley in the Boone Cemetery. The haversack and canteen on Evans' grave were placed by the <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/723809851146568/">George Stoneman Camp #6 of the Sons of Union Veterans</a> as part of memorial service used a century ago by the Grand Army of the Republic.</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false"
DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="371"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Indent"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:107%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style> <![endif]--> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline" />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">BOONE, N.C.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Three blue-eyed Yankees who died in Boone during the final days of the Civil War were honored Sunday, April 8, when new military gravestones were unveiled in the cemetery where they were buried 153 years ago.<br /> Historian Eric Plaag said the memorial ceremony was "an occasion to do right by these three men, by whom history and local sentiment have often not done right."<br /> Two of the Union soldiers were from North Carolina and the third was from Kentucky. They died of sickness while serving with the 2nd North Carolina Mounted Infantry, a Union regiment which occupied Boone in April 1865 in the days after Stoneman's Raid.<br /> Many Southerners felt betrayed by such "Home Yankees" and never forgave them for the hardships their families suffered during and after the war. The three were buried in a segregated section of the Boone cemetery, and over the years their original gravestones have been vandalized and stolen.<br /> These veterans deserved better. They were loyal to their country, had no stake in slavery or secession, and were not involved in the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/blink-and-youll-miss-battle-of-boone.html">raid of Boone on March 28, 1865</a>, when Stoneman's troops killed three local men, injured six others, and captured 68.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The three Union soldiers are buried less than 50 yards from <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2018/01/revisiting-death-of-jacob-mast-councill.html">Jacob Mast Councill</a>, whose father Benjamin Councill owned the land that became the town cemetery. Dr. Plaag explained the significance: "In late March 1865, Mr. Councill hauled up this hill the coffin containing the body of his son, Jacob Mast Councill, who had been murdered in cold blood by Union occupiers. Two weeks later, Mr. Councill consented to his land being used for the burial of three other men, this time from the same army that had killed his son. May we all be accorded such respect."</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></span></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Enlistment and muster records give us a glimpse of the Union soldiers. All three were farmers with blue eyes and dark hair, ranging in stature from 5-foot-8 to 5-10. William Bradley, from Rutherford County, N.C., was just 18 years old when he died April 10 of typhoid pneumonia. John Maricle, 29, from Harlan, Ky., died April 15 of measles, leaving a widow and four children. Henry Evans, 33, from Buncombe County, N.C., died April 16 of fever. </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(Evans' name is spelled Ewins on his new marker, as it was when his original stone was ordered in 1879.)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2017/02/remember-when-nc-voted-to-save-union.html">Watauga County was staunchly pro-Union in 1861</a>, but by 1865 sentiments had turned. The 2nd N.C. Mounted Infantry made life miserable in Boone, so it's no wonder that these men were buried without honor. But it is also important to understand that many southerners joined the Union army, and most of them were <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/just-what-sort-of-liberation-is-this.html">not actually fighting to free the slaves</a>. More often, their motive was to <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/abraham-lincoln-and-horn-of-freedom.html">defend the nation their grandfathers had fought to establish</a>, or <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/stabbing-confederacy-in-back.html">avoid the Confederate draft</a>, or <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/your-taxes-are-still-paying-for.html">qualify for a Union pension</a>. One of Stoneman's last surviving veterans was a North Carolinian who said he volunteered for the Union infantry <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/11/veterans-dilemma-which-side-would-he.html">"to keep out of the rebel army."</a></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> At least 37 Union soldiers died during the 54 days of Stoneman's Raid, including 10 in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Salisbury, N.C.</a>, five near <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-indispensable-yet-disposable.html">Martinsville, Va.</a>, and five in Watauga County. Gravesites are not known for the other two Union soldiers who died of disease while stationed around Boone: Robert Foster, 17, and James Paine, 33, who were both from Buncombe County, N.C.</span><br />
<span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: times, times new roman, serif;">➤</span><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">(Click here to visit our </b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/memorial-day-stonemans-toll.html" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">Union Memorial</a><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"> and </b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/honor-warriors-if-not-war.html" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">Confederate Memorial</a><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"> pages.)</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The 2nd N.C. Mounted Infantry, under the notorious Col. George Kirk, was assigned to protect the mountain passes around Boone while Stoneman's cavalry raided western Virginia and the Piedmont of North Carolina during the final days of the Civil War.</span></span><br />
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>SPEAKING OF COL. KIRK:</b> Civil War historian Michael C. Hardy has published a new book, <a href="https://michaelchardy.blogspot.com/2018/02/now-taking-orders-kirks-civil-war-raids.html">Kirk's Civil War Raids along the Blue Ridge</a>, which chronicles how mountain communities suffered under the "Home Yankees." <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> highly recommends Hardy's books, which have been a rich source of information for our stories.</span></blockquote>
</div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-77070955694509290392018-03-27T00:00:00.000-04:002019-12-04T09:03:53.705-05:00Attorney & general: Little sister's big day<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKrnMwsTD_Zv-a2HMjRJwgPXhDBD0Z0czTrMePM0Pet83fI0YkfLy8OceZOdOqK8wVuThL6XkJDPSUsEb5-lT5qXC_T1ABqmRNkBBA_IJRrGWmJIIwQhXEHcJyjyEMFpeLVJUuBkGRf1w/s1600/kate+stoneman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="468" data-original-width="590" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKrnMwsTD_Zv-a2HMjRJwgPXhDBD0Z0czTrMePM0Pet83fI0YkfLy8OceZOdOqK8wVuThL6XkJDPSUsEb5-lT5qXC_T1ABqmRNkBBA_IJRrGWmJIIwQhXEHcJyjyEMFpeLVJUuBkGRf1w/s320/kate+stoneman.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Kate Stoneman became the first female lawyer in New York</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Twenty years after the Civil War, George Stoneman was the
governor of California. Meanwhile, back in New York where the general was raised, his
little sister Kate was making her own mark in the Statehouse.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> That’s why the Albany Law School celebrates March 27 as <a href="http://www.albanylaw.edu/katestoneman/Documents/KayeonKate.pdf">Kate Stoneman Day</a>. Catharine “Kate” Stoneman was a longtime teacher who, in 1885, became the first woman to pass the bar exam in New York. Then
she was banned by a three-judge panel who ruled that there “no precedent … and
no necessity” for women to practice law—not unless the state legislature
voted otherwise.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> <a href="http://alloveralbany.com/archive/2018/03/21/kate-stoneman-history">Kate Stoneman</a> immediately proved her legal skills by personally
marshalling a bill through the legislature and convincing the governor to
sign it, making it legal for women to practice law. On May 22, 1886, at age 45 she became the first woman admitted to the New
York bar, and 12 years later she became the first female to officially graduate from
the Albany Law School.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Gen. Stoneman’s relationships with his sisters reveal a softer side of the hard-driving Yankee, whose troops terrorized parts of the Carolinas and Virginia during the closing days of the Civil War.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></div>
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Kate was only one year old when her brother George left their family home near Syracuse, N.Y., to enroll at West Point. Like two of her sisters, she grew up to become a teacher, specializing in geography, drawing, and penmanship. One of her brothers, John Stoneman, became a lawyer in 1855, and their youngest sister, Anna, married a lawyer. Kate was involved in the Women’s Suffrage Society and finally received the right to vote at age 77 in 1918. She died in 1925.</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Kate and her two older sisters, Kitty and Jennie, never
married, and all of them spent time in California tutoring Gen. Stoneman’s
children. Baby sister <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/77579845/charlotte-angeline-williams">Anna Stoneman Williams</a> took the general into her home in 1894,
when his health was failing and he was estranged from his wife and children. Anna
was a leader in the Christian Science community in Buffalo. It was at Anna’s
house on 17 West Utica Street that George Stoneman died on Sept. 5, 1894 at
age 72.</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>✮✮✮</b></span></span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>THE NAME STONEMAN</b> has been in the news lately in the
aftermath of the tragic school shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School
in Parkland, Fla. Marjory Stoneman Douglas (1890-1998), an author and environmentalist who became known as the "Grand Dame of the Everglades," was not related to the general, as far
as I can tell. Gen. George Stoneman Jr. had four children and two grandchildren, but his family name died out with his grandson, George Stoneman IV (1906-1988), a Navy veteran of World War II.</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Marjory Stoneman Douglas did have some famous relatives who figure in the fringes of our story. She was a distant cousin of pioneering country musicians <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Stoneman">Ernest “Pops” Stoneman</a> (1893-1968) and <a href="https://folkways-media.si.edu/liner_notes/folkways/FW02435.pdf">George Washington Stoneman</a> (1882-1966). They were from <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">Carroll County, Virginia</a>, which was raided by Gen. Stoneman's cavalry on the way from <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/bloody-welcome-to-virginia.html">Hillsville and Wytheville</a> to <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/i-believe-i-am-talking-to-yankees-now.html">Christiansburg</a>. Given Gen. Stoneman's reputation nowadays, it seems surprising that a family in this part of Virginia would name their son George Stoneman just 17 years after the raid. Perhaps they were Union sympathizers, like many mountain families.</span></blockquote>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-7297578897330645782018-02-17T10:26:00.001-05:002019-05-16T13:17:05.149-04:00Emma's War: Teaching the Yankees a lesson<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOwwnuGNvi88ZZTmauqR_pNbVCgAQFZpFJOK8dy9ILMrY7G4XRbwjrKc3w3bphTQNkXBA37LolXy285aI_ke-CztU7eEzHT0p5Di-UL_DiPBKmrq8pw_rJtzZ751hVfuhlnmiVeMe-jKQ/s1600/Carson+House+sketch+by+Steve+Jenkins.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="698" data-original-width="960" height="464" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOwwnuGNvi88ZZTmauqR_pNbVCgAQFZpFJOK8dy9ILMrY7G4XRbwjrKc3w3bphTQNkXBA37LolXy285aI_ke-CztU7eEzHT0p5Di-UL_DiPBKmrq8pw_rJtzZ751hVfuhlnmiVeMe-jKQ/s640/Carson+House+sketch+by+Steve+Jenkins.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>This illustration by Steve Jenkins portrays Emma Rankin grabbing the reins of a Union cavalryman as she protects the Carson House, where she was employed as a teacher. Mary Carson stands defiantly on the porch, and I presume that's her husband Col. Logan Carson on the left, though he stayed in the shadows during most of the four days and three nights that Stoneman's troops looted the plantation. </b></span><b>If you've never heard of Miss Emma, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/emmas-war-five-days-and-four-nights-of.html">you really ought to read her story</a>. If not for her tenacity and courage, the Carson House might not have survived Stoneman's Raid. The 225-year-old house near Marion, N.C., now stands as a museum to antebellum life in the Blue Ridge foothills. <a href="http://www.historiccarsonhouse.com/">Want to visit the Carson House?</a> Tours are Wednesday through Sunday.</b></span><br />
<br />Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-54643568148252518812018-01-15T10:01:00.000-05:002019-01-11T10:28:08.229-05:00Revisiting the death of Jacob Mast Councill<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> History has given us conflicting accounts of the death of Jacob Mast Councill, the Boone civilian who was one of the first casualties of Stoneman's Raid. My co-worker Terry Harmon and local historian Eric Plaag have sorted through the details in a Facebook thread you can <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/permalink/1532203206876469/">read here</a> or below. </span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWJtTv7zNpw5JFMOJZhY7zU9zh0BDn8SR2DovT9QRSkxZqGxNU1yhZG-srsE83z9j-ml7yEeyeoKg4EtBG4D2KDMUGz-mxMzN9dDGsLgsgFoJ6ctEvuzZCWfOVVY0KSZv3awqcw8cDEg4/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-01-15+at+10.49.15+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="964" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWJtTv7zNpw5JFMOJZhY7zU9zh0BDn8SR2DovT9QRSkxZqGxNU1yhZG-srsE83z9j-ml7yEeyeoKg4EtBG4D2KDMUGz-mxMzN9dDGsLgsgFoJ6ctEvuzZCWfOVVY0KSZv3awqcw8cDEg4/s200/Screen+Shot+2018-01-15+at+10.49.15+AM.png" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Councill </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">was one of three local men killed when the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/blink-and-youll-miss-battle-of-boone.html">Union troops invaded Boone</a> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">on March 28, 1865. Some think he was part of the local Home Guard and died defending the town. Others say he was farming when the Yankees rode up and executed him as he pleaded for his life.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The names Mast and Councill are prominent in Watauga County. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Boone was originally known as Councill's Store, named for Jacob's uncle, Jordan Councill Jr. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Jacob's home was located in downtown Boone on the same block where the Mast Store now stands. Jacob and his infant daughter (who died previously) were the first two people buried on a hilltop that is now the Boone town cemetery. Within a month, <a href="https://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2018/04/boone-in-memory-of-our-home-yankees.html">three Union soldiers were laid to rest nearby</a>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> is indebted to Terry for sharing his historical and genealogical research with us. He is the author of <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Terry-L.-Harmon/e/B01E0MO6QM">Watauga County Revisited</a> in the Images of America series, as well as other collections of local history. Terry works with Samaritan's Purse and supports hundreds of our employees working around the world.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div class="s_1p8lpcpbth l_1p8lpcsdxg clearfix" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: -1px; zoom: 1;">
<div class="clearfix d_1p8lpcpdii" style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: -6px; zoom: 1;">
<div class="clearfix _42ef" style="font-family: inherit; overflow: hidden; zoom: 1;">
<div class="h_1p8lpcpdil" style="font-family: inherit; padding-bottom: 6px;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="_6a _5u5j" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; width: 424px;">
<div class="_6a _5u5j _6b" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: middle; width: 424px;">
<h5 class="_14f3 _14f5 _5pbw _5vra" data-ft="{"tn":"C"}" id="js_is" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin: 0px 0px 2px; padding: 0px 22px 0px 0px;">
<span class="fwn fcg" style="color: #616770; font-family: inherit;"><span class="fwb fcg" data-ft="{"tn":";"}" style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="font-family: inherit;"></span><a data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard-referer="ARQQLPIll2rNyplNtMBzbrHwOC41nT4PzP6KzY1li54JCKYMo3YiCz0Wbbgd_VW99ws" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=12627011&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdC-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARDckTpA8UM2w-L0BoNHKJ9Qyy5yK3ZZHVou1NAulwMJDhUHTe0k9rjmWZak74P1DAiVjjjP0nmXYt_k%22%2C%22hc_ref%22%3A%22ARQQLPIll2rNyplNtMBzbrHwOC41nT4PzP6KzY1li54JCKYMo3YiCz0Wbbgd_VW99ws%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22nf%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A593617567401709%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?__tn__=%2CdC-R-R&eid=ARDckTpA8UM2w-L0BoNHKJ9Qyy5yK3ZZHVou1NAulwMJDhUHTe0k9rjmWZak74P1DAiVjjjP0nmXYt_k&hc_ref=ARQQLPIll2rNyplNtMBzbrHwOC41nT4PzP6KzY1li54JCKYMo3YiCz0Wbbgd_VW99ws&fref=nf" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Eric Plaag</a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?__tn__=%2CdC-R-R&eid=ARDckTpA8UM2w-L0BoNHKJ9Qyy5yK3ZZHVou1NAulwMJDhUHTe0k9rjmWZak74P1DAiVjjjP0nmXYt_k&hc_ref=ARQQLPIll2rNyplNtMBzbrHwOC41nT4PzP6KzY1li54JCKYMo3YiCz0Wbbgd_VW99ws&fref=nf" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"></a><span aria-hidden="true" style="font-family: inherit;"></span><span class="accessible_elem" style="clip: rect(1px , 1px , 1px , 1px); font-family: inherit; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;"> </span><i class="_gb8 img sp_qn88XkgbTI_ sx_d2418a" style="background-image: url("/rsrc.php/v3/yF/r/ePXd2hANYJI.png"); background-position: 0px -431px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; display: inline-block; height: 16px; position: relative; top: 3px; width: 16px;"><u style="clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); height: 1px; left: auto; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;">to</u></i><span class="accessible_elem" style="clip: rect(1px , 1px , 1px , 1px); font-family: inherit; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;"> </span><a class="_wpv" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/group.php?id=593617567401709&extragetparams=%7B%22fref%22%3A%22nf%22%7D&ref=nf_target" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/?ref=nf_target&fref=nf" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word;">Watauga History Hunters</a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/?ref=nf_target&fref=nf" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"></a></span></span></h5>
<div class="_5pcp _5lel _2jyu _232_" data-testid="story-subtitle" id="feed_subtitle_1532103400219783:9:0" style="color: #616770; font-family: inherit; position: relative;">
<span class="a_1p8lpcnvo2" style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="fsm fwn fcg" style="color: #90949c; font-family: inherit;"><a class="_5pcq" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/permalink/1532103400219783/" style="color: #616770; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;" target=""><abbr class="_5ptz" data-shorten="1" data-utime="1515953228" style="border-bottom: none; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial;" title="1/14/18, 1:07 PM"><span class="timestampContent" id="js_it" style="font-family: inherit;">January 14, 2018</span></abbr></a><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><a class="_5pcq" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/page.php?id=112122905471602&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2Cd-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARA4-wjYrTJst8eam4AOf9M0gXlgXcr1AL59mGpDA2UHFffRGe5v_ABJTa3OoshGS-unvgaTdNFcpEbW%22%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Boone-North-Carolina/112122905471602?__tn__=%2Cd-R-R&eid=ARA4-wjYrTJst8eam4AOf9M0gXlgXcr1AL59mGpDA2UHFffRGe5v_ABJTa3OoshGS-unvgaTdNFcpEbW" style="color: #616770; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Boone</a></span></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="_6spk" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><br />
<div aria-label="Shared with: Public" class="_6a _29ee _4f-9 _43_1" data-hover="tooltip" data-tooltip-content="Shared with: Public" role="img" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; padding: 3px 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><i class="_1lbg img sp__EFZWPnvn_g sx_e8d220" style="background-image: url("/rsrc.php/v3/y3/r/tP5qPHw-EVK.png"); background-position: -369px -270px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; display: block; height: 12px; margin-top: -1px; width: 12px;"></i></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div class="_5pbx userContent _3576" data-ad-preview="message" data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id="js_iu" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 6px;">
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px;">
<a class="profileLink" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=1593306833&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARARZ2vKfJvs4hwT5L0m7AlQXCn15mTbA10JqRZ0xaApHcJUQQ7bAq3s_SLt5dhHgfTTt0ni_8S4cDfb%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A593617567401709%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/Michael.C.Hardy?__tn__=%2CdK-R-R&eid=ARARZ2vKfJvs4hwT5L0m7AlQXCn15mTbA10JqRZ0xaApHcJUQQ7bAq3s_SLt5dhHgfTTt0ni_8S4cDfb&fref=mentions" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Michael</a>, I'm hoping you can clarify something for me about Stoneman's Raid. Sources seem to conflict about where the Jacob Mast Councill house/cabin was located. Some lump his death in with the skirmish in Boone, making it sound as though J. M. Councill was actually in a field IN Boone when he was killed. Other sources (like Polly Horton's account, published in the WD, 2-2-1928) suggest that his house was near the Benjamin Councill House at Vilas and that his death occurred the day before the raid on Boone (Polly Horton has them camping in Benjamin Councill's meadow after killing J. M. Councill). Arthur seems to confirm this, saying on p. 177 of HoWC that the Jacob Mast Councill house was known as the Mark Hodge[s] house in 1915 and stood behind Benjamin Councill's home ("due north" as he says on p. 319), which the 1-1-1931 WD tells us was in Vilas and burned in December 1930.</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
This placement at Vilas would seem to agree with the Angelo Wiser field map of the campaign (LOC, attached), which shows the Councill place in the Vilas vicinity. Chris J. Hartley, in his book on Stoneman's Raid, uses this map to suggest that it marked Jacob Mast Councill's home, but he also describes Jacob Mast Councill as "elderly," when we know that Jacob Mast Councill was only 35 years old, so I'm uncertain about Hartley's reliability.</div>
<div style="display: inline; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 6px;">
Anyway, am I correct in thinking that the Jacob Mast Councill house was at Vilas?</div>
</div>
<div class="_5pbx userContent _3576" data-ad-preview="message" data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id="js_iu" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 6px;">
<div style="display: inline; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 6px;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="s_1p8lpcpbth l_1p8lpcsdxg clearfix" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: -1px; zoom: 1;">
<div class="clearfix d_1p8lpcpdii" style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: -6px; zoom: 1;">
<div class="clearfix _42ef" style="font-family: inherit; overflow: hidden; zoom: 1;">
<div class="h_1p8lpcpdil" style="font-family: inherit; padding-bottom: 6px;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="_6a _5u5j" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; width: 428px;">
<div class="_6a _5u5j _6b" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: middle; width: 428px;">
<h5 class="_14f3 _14f5 _5pbw _5vra" data-ft="{"tn":"C"}" id="js_l" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin: 0px 0px 2px; padding: 0px 22px 0px 0px;">
<span class="fwn fcg" style="color: #616770; font-family: inherit;"><span class="fwb fcg" data-ft="{"tn":";"}" style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600;"><a ajaxify="/groups/member_bio/bio_dialog/?group_id=593617567401709&member_id=1067438315&ref=floc3" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard-referer="ARR2olZymMODcbCclOYUT5rUENHmVSNKT0A4UuT8ZPPXjrA2G8tubkYerYH6ADO_mkc" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=1067438315&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdC-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARCIYDYlm3K0mbUGc4TP_ZJ8J1xky5TgUk-DjSsnezlv0VjszryV1TTprpM-YYMq_36fuWSOSr-2arLv%22%2C%22hc_ref%22%3A%22ARR2olZymMODcbCclOYUT5rUENHmVSNKT0A4UuT8ZPPXjrA2G8tubkYerYH6ADO_mkc%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22gs%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A593617567401709%2C%22dti%22%3A593617567401709%2C%22hc_location%22%3A%22group%22%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/terry.harmon.752?fref=gs&__tn__=%2CdC-R-R&eid=ARCIYDYlm3K0mbUGc4TP_ZJ8J1xky5TgUk-DjSsnezlv0VjszryV1TTprpM-YYMq_36fuWSOSr-2arLv&hc_ref=ARR2olZymMODcbCclOYUT5rUENHmVSNKT0A4UuT8ZPPXjrA2G8tubkYerYH6ADO_mkc&dti=593617567401709&hc_location=group" rel="dialog" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Terry Harmon</a></span></span></h5>
<div class="_5pcp _5lel _2jyu _232_" data-testid="story-subtitle" id="feed_subtitle_1532203206876469:6:0" style="color: #616770; font-family: inherit; position: relative;">
<span class="a_1p8lpcnvo2" style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="fsm fwn fcg" style="color: #90949c; font-family: inherit;"><a class="_5pcq" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/permalink/1532203206876469/" style="color: #616770; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;" target="">January 14, 2018</a></span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div class="_5pbx userContent _3ds9 _3576" data-ad-preview="message" data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id="js_n" style="background-color: white; border-bottom: none; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 12px;">
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px;">
Thanks for your post, <a ajaxify="/groups/member_bio/bio_dialog/?group_id=593617567401709&member_id=12627011&ref=floc3" class="profileLink" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=12627011&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARCuQM7-fKNUP6we_mSLFjPJWPuLVBNP0R6rRw3_1ROtgJaeR_2GYMJi8Edr6u5CXepl0zItibR0tsJ8%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22gs%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A593617567401709%2C%22dti%22%3A593617567401709%2C%22hc_location%22%3A%22group%22%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?fref=gs&__tn__=%2CdK-R-R&eid=ARCuQM7-fKNUP6we_mSLFjPJWPuLVBNP0R6rRw3_1ROtgJaeR_2GYMJi8Edr6u5CXepl0zItibR0tsJ8&dti=593617567401709&hc_location=group" rel="dialog" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Eric Plaag</a>, regarding Jacob Mast Councill. I tried commenting on your post without success, so I will start this new post. This subject is of particular interest to me since it relates to my family. Polly Councill Horton (1846-1936) was my great, great-grandmother, and Jacob Mast Councill (1830-1865) was her half-brother. (Thanks especially for the 1930 WD reference as I had been trying to find out what happened to the old Benjamin Councill home at Vilas and had not yet discovered that article.)</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
My understanding is that Jacob Mast Councill lived in Boone. In the 1860 census, he is found living in the Boone Township, and his widow, Sarah Lewis Councill, is listed in the Boone Township in 1870 and 1880, so I think there is a good chance they lived there in 1865. Betty McFarland, in her narrative regarding “The James Hardin Councill House” within “Sketches of Early Watauga” (1973), states, “The son of Benjamin Councill, Jacob Mast Councill, gave the property for the first city cemetery. Jacob was killed during Stoneman’s Raid; an inscription in the Councill family Bible states that he ‘was killed by the Yankees March 28, A.D. 1865.’ At the time, he and his family were living in a house where the J. W. Jones home now is.” This would be the home of Dr. John Walter & Mattie Blackburn Jones, aka the present-day “Jones House” on King Street in downtown Boone.</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
It is interesting to note that, in “War Trails of the Blue Ridge” (p. 124), Shepherd Monroe Dugger describes the deaths of Councill and others as if they all occurred in Boone. He discusses how the locals “fired on Stoneman’s advance guard, precipitating in a fight in which the Confederate killed were Jacob M. Council, Warren Greene and Ephraim Norris….” He also writes, “The house of Jacob M. Council was both a morgue and a hospital that night….”</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
While I believe Dugger is accurate in his placement of Jacob Councill’s death in Boone, I feel that he is mistaken on a couple of other accounts:</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
First, both Polly Horton and John Preston Arthur indicate that Jacob Councill was not a participant in a fight or skirmish with Stoneman’s men, but that he had been passively plowing when approached, shot, and killed. Dugger’s account seems to imply that he had been involved in the fight. Ina van Noppen writes that “Councill…had taken no part in the skirmish.” McFarland writes, “Jacob had been working in his garden on this property [the aforementioned property that later became the site of the J. W. Jones home] when he heard gun shots; being a member of the home guard, he prepared to investigate. It was then that he was shot.”</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
Second, regarding a Councill home being used as a hospital, in “A History of Watauga County” (page 177), Arthur writes, “The house from which the shooting [upon Stoneman’s men] had been done, now J. D. Councill’s, was converted into a hospital….” I believe Arthur correctly identifies the J. D. Councill home as the hospital rather than Dugger’s account of it being the Jacob M. Councill home.</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
To digress for a moment, just a few side notes regarding the “J. D. Councill” home: Arthur writes, “Some men in the house which stood where J. D. Councill’s house now stands…fired on the head of the column as it came down the road from Hodges Gap….After the firing from the Councill house, Stoneman’s men charged, and all who were in that house or near it ran through the fields toward the foot of Howard’s Knob.” I believe that Stoneman’s men fired back at the Councill home from whence they had initially been fired upon, thus van Noppen’s statement, “Mrs. James Councill, a young matron of Boone, hearing the noise, stepped onto the piazza to learn what was happening. ‘Immediately a volley of balls splintered into the wood all around her.’” Following the skirmish, this same Councill home became the Union headquarters. Robert Beall of Lenoir noted that Mrs. J. D. Councill, who had tolerated General Stoneman in her home and found him to be a gentleman, found George Kirk quite intolerable during his stay. Beall stated that the lady was kept as a prisoner in her room, her livestock slaughtered, and her farm a ruin. All of the fencing was destroyed, “the flowers and shrubbery trampled bare,” and all that remained of her animals were “beef hides, and sheep skins, chicken feather, and pieces of putrid meat.” The only member of the Councill family of Boone named J. D. Councill was James Dudley “Crack” Councill who was born in 1861, and his wife, Emma Winkler Councill, was born in 1871 – both obviously too young to have been the subjects of these accounts. I believe the references to the J. D. Councill home were to the home of J. D. Councill’s parents, and that references to Mrs. J. D. Councill were to J. D. Councill’s mother, Mary Cocke (Mrs. James W.) Councill, born circa 1834, thus van Noppen was correct in her mention of “Mrs. James Councill.” James W. Councill, was a farmer, blacksmith, and merchant, and had served the Confederacy in Company D of the 1st Cavalry Regiment of North Carolina for a year, from May 1861 to May 1862. James W. Councill lived at the site of the current downtown Boone Post Office. He, no doubt inherited this property from his father, Jordan Councill, Jr., whose store stood at this same site. Before the Town of Boone was formed, it was known as “Councill’s Store.” James W. Councill’s son, J. D. Councill, later lived at this same site.</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
As you mentioned in your post, Arthur continues, “The house in which Jacob M. Councill was killed is called the Mark Hodges house. It still stands, in rear of Benjamin Councill’s home, though untenanted now.” I believe the Benjamin Councill referenced here is Jacob M. Councill’s son, Benjamin James Councill. There were at least three Benjamin Councills, so it can be confusing. Jacob Mast Councill was a son of Benjamin Councill (1807-1877), a half-brother to Benjamin J. Councill (1845-1906), and father to Benjamin James Councill (1859-1938). To my knowledge, Jacob M. Councill’s son, Benjamin James Councill, always lived in Boone, and this is substantiated by census records. He is buried in the Boone City Cemetery, and his son, Edward Tracy Councill was, at one time, mayor of Boone. It would seem reasonable that Benjamin James Councill (Jacob’s only son, although not his only child) would have inherited his father’s property, probably including Jacob’s former home, and that Benjamin lived in his own home with his father’s former home nearby. If we can identify where Mark Hodges and Benjamin James Councill lived in Boone, we can use that to identify Jacob’s home.</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
I can’t explain the chronology of events stated in the WD interview with Polly Horton. I agree that it reads as if Jacob Mast Councill was killed at Vilas during Stoneman’s encampment at Benjamin Councill’s home, but my personal feeling is that that was somehow misstated or misinterpreted.</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
Regarding Jacob M. Councill’s age, as you stated, he was only 35 at the time of his death. Van Noppen writes, “Councill was a man too old for service,” so perhaps reference to his age is not that he was necessarily an old man, but simply that he was too old for conscription. Perhaps Michael or someone with more Civil War knowledge can attest to the age range for conscription. Tom Layton’s blog (<a data-ft="{"tn":"-U"}" data-lynx-mode="asynclazy" href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fstonemangazette.blogspot.com%2F2015%2F03%2Fblink-and-youll-miss-battle-of-boone.html%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR0zHgmNgUlthUaEb_sbM9MlaSdqxApWCAYx0DpBVvRF0xtLV5eK-Ivz76s&h=AT2_aZWD3FRtZ4sMb8fNeZxgQ1VwkaDbwQDmtWrdBycY9OQx98exRBD8FV6EUFHy-bk20t-f52kOwt7qNpTv3GNeMTrVhXXsQoN38VlwlrkUQ_NJo4T1wgCW9C4mv9ApLYwTPYApkjcWk3_P9k7ipytr" rel="noopener nofollow" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/…/blink-and-youll-miss-…</a>) states that Jacob Councill “was the clerk of court for Watauga County, which exempted him from the Confederate draft.”</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-top: 6px;">
Finally, Jacob Mast Councill is buried in the Boone City Cemetery. If he was killed in Vilas, it would seem strange that his body would be carried to Boone for burial, especially since Stoneman’s troops were still in Boone within days of Jacob’s death. Had I been Jacob’s father Benjamin, considering that Union troops has just encamped upon and raided my farm and murdered my son, I would not be too keen on going to Boone where those same troops still remained. Of course, we have no indication how soon after Jacob’s death he was actually buried. Jacob’s father, the senior Benjamin Councill, eventually had his own burying ground at Vilas, although there is no evidence that anyone was buried there until Benjamin’s death in 1877, twelve years after Stoneman’s raid. Still, if they were prone to start a family cemetery at Vilas, it seems they would have done so with the death of Jacob, had he actually died at Vilas.</div>
<div style="display: inline; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 6px;">
Anyway, just some information and thoughts that I hope will be of help and interest.</div>
</div>
<div>
<div aria-label="Comment" class="UFIRow _48ph _48pi _4204 UFIComment _4oep" data-ft="{"tn":"R2"}" id="comment_js_3eh" role="article" style="background-color: white; border-top: 0px; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 8px 12px 4px; position: relative;">
<div class="_3b-9" style="font-family: inherit; position: relative;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="clearfix" direction="left" style="font-family: inherit; zoom: 1;">
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFIImageBlockContent _42ef" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-left: 6px;">
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFICommentContentBlock" style="font-family: inherit; padding-right: 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="UFICommentContent" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="_26f8" style="align-items: center; display: flex; font-family: inherit; justify-content: flex-start;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"></span><br />
<div class="UFICommentActorAndBodySpacing" style="font-family: inherit; padding: 8px 10px;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a aria-describedby="u_5v_1" aria-owns="" class=" UFICommentActorName" data-ft="{"tn":";"}" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/hovercard.php?id=12627011&extragetparams=%7B%22is_public%22%3Afalse%2C%22hc_location%22%3A%22ufi%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A%22593617567401709%22%7D" dir="ltr" href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?fref=ufi" id="js_3j2" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_self">Eric Plaag</a></span> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="UFICommentBody _1n4g" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Arthur’s account from 1915 offers several references to Jacob Mast Councill (usually rendered as Jacob M. Councill). On page 177, Arthur also seems to conflate Jacob Mast Councill’s killing with the skirmish at Boone. He adds, “The house in which Jacob</span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> M. Councill was killed is called the Mark Hodge[s] house. It still stands, in rear of Benjamin Councill’s home, though untenanted now. Arthur also explains that the house from which the shooting was done, “now J. D. Councill’s residence” [at the site of the present post office], “was converted into a hospital.” I agree with you, Terry, that Dugger (1932) appears to be flat wrong on this. This house would have been the James W. Councill house (see above). As for the Jacob Mast Councill house, on page 319, Arthur explains, “William Hodges lived a quarter of a mile east of the cabin in which Jacob M. Councill was killed by Stoneman’s men in March 1865. That cabin is still called the Mark Hodges house, as William’s son, Mark, built it. It is almost due north from Benjamin Councill’s present residence.” The digital copy of Arthur I have has a marginal note indicating that this is an error, since Mark Hodges was born in the cabin.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">We've covered Polly Horton, but I want to include details here to fit her into this analysis. On February 2, 1928, a WD article offered Polly Horton’s recollections about the “first brick residence” in Watauga County, built in Vilas about 1845 by Benjamin Councill, Sr. Horton gives a detailed account of house building, then adds some context near the end of the article about Jacob Mast Councill. Speaking of Stoneman’s men, the article reads, “When they came into the valley of Cove Creek, they selected Benjamin Councill’s meadow, in front of the brick house, for their camp ground. Nearly all of the children were at school…. When Polly reached the old brick house, she found the Yankees camped all over her father’s meadow,” thus making Horton an eyewitness. She went on to explain that Stoneman’s troops looted the Benjamin Councill property. “Not satisfied with this, they went to the field where Jacob Councill was plowing and shot him down in cold blood…. After spending one night on the Councill meadow, the raiders went on to Boone, where occurred the battle in the home of Aunt Polly’s uncle, a house where the home of J. D. Councill now stands.” To me, Horton implies that the Jacob Mast Councill cabin was very close to the brick Benjamin Councill house built in 1845, but like you, I suspect that her 82-year-old mind had merged things in her head. While troops stopped briefly at Benjamin Councill's place to water horses on their way to Boone, they didn't remain there overnight; troops several days later did stay there overnight. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">There’s now no doubt in my mind that the Benjamin Councill, Sr., house in Vilas is the “Councill--rebel” notation on the Angelo Wiser field map of Stoneman’s route that I posted earlier. But it can’t be where the Jacob Councill cabin was, since the “Benjamin Councill’s present residence” in Arthur’s 1915 reference could only be—as you suggest—the home of Benjamin James Councill (1859-1938), since he was the only one of the three alive. That house--known as the "Mrs. B. J. Councill home" (Blanche Councill) after B. J. Councill's death in 1938--appears to have been badly damaged by fire in August 1948 (WD, 8-5-1948). I've struggled to figure out exactly where it was, but I suspect it was generally in the vicinity of the other Councill properties back of Earth Fare, and possibly the highlighted house shown on the attached crop from the 1947 Sanborn map.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span class="_36rj" style="font-family: inherit;"><a aria-label="Hide or report this" class="UFICommentCloseButton _1-be _xw0 _xw9 _5upp _42ft" commentid="1532921640137959" data-hover="tooltip" data-testid="ufi_comment_close_button" data-tooltip-alignh="center" data-tooltip-content="Hide or report this" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" menudata="[object Object],[object Object]" menutype="DOTS" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url("/rsrc.php/v3/yF/r/ePXd2hANYJI.png"); background-position: -39px -514px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px none; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0px !important; height: 12px; margin-left: 12px; opacity: 1; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: static; right: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; top: 0px; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; width: 12px; z-index: 1;" tooltip="Hide or report this">Manage</a></span></div>
<div class="_10la" style="align-items: flex-end; display: flex; font-family: inherit;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<a ajaxify="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10106118980965017&set=p.10106118980965017&type=3&size=664%2C313&source=24&player_origin=unknown" class="_2rn3 _4-eo" data-ploi="https://scontent-mia3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/26731089_10106118980965017_1244284909152842111_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&_nc_ht=scontent-mia3-1.xx&oh=c71b0ac1f149aa29a8425c69079422a6&oe=5CD153F7" href="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10106118980965017&set=p.10106118980965017&type=3" rel="theater" style="border-radius: 18px; border: 1px solid rgb(235, 237, 240); box-shadow: none; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 2px; overflow: hidden; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none;"></a><br />
<div class="_46-h _4-ep" style="font-family: inherit; height: 122px; overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 260px;">
<a ajaxify="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10106118980965017&set=p.10106118980965017&type=3&size=664%2C313&source=24&player_origin=unknown" class="_2rn3 _4-eo" data-ploi="https://scontent-mia3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/26731089_10106118980965017_1244284909152842111_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&_nc_ht=scontent-mia3-1.xx&oh=c71b0ac1f149aa29a8425c69079422a6&oe=5CD153F7" href="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10106118980965017&set=p.10106118980965017&type=3" rel="theater" style="border-radius: 18px; border: 1px solid rgb(235, 237, 240); box-shadow: none; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 2px; overflow: hidden; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="No photo description available." class="_46-i img" height="123" src="https://scontent-mia3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-0/q88/s261x260/26731089_10106118980965017_1244284909152842111_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&_nc_ht=scontent-mia3-1.xx&oh=bc70f40ef50389e3ef51cb2e0af450e3&oe=5CD178E9" style="border-radius: 18px; border: 0px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px;" width="261" /></a></div>
<a ajaxify="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10106118980965017&set=p.10106118980965017&type=3&size=664%2C313&source=24&player_origin=unknown" class="_2rn3 _4-eo" data-ploi="https://scontent-mia3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/26731089_10106118980965017_1244284909152842111_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&_nc_ht=scontent-mia3-1.xx&oh=c71b0ac1f149aa29a8425c69079422a6&oe=5CD153F7" href="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10106118980965017&set=p.10106118980965017&type=3" rel="theater" style="border-radius: 18px; border: 1px solid rgb(235, 237, 240); box-shadow: none; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; margin-top: 2px; overflow: hidden; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="fsm fwn fcg UFICommentActions" style="clear: both; color: #90949c; font-family: inherit; line-height: 12px; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 10px; min-height: 15px; padding-top: 3px;">
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div class="_khz _4sz1 _4rw5 _3wv2" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; position: relative; width: auto;">
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"><a aria-pressed="false" class="UFILikeLink UFIReactionLink" data-testid="ufi_comment_like_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; outline: none; overflow-wrap: normal; text-decoration-line: none;" tabindex="0">Like</a></span></div>
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;">
</span><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><a class="UFIReplyLink _460i" data-testid="ufi_reply_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Reply</a><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class="uiLinkSubtle" data-ft="{"tn":"N"}" data-testid="ufi_comment_timestamp" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/permalink/1532203206876469/?comment_id=1532921640137959&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22R2%22%7D" style="color: #90949c; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"><abbr class="UFISutroCommentTimestamp livetimestamp" data-minimize="true" data-shorten="true" data-utime="1516039622" style="border-bottom: none; color: #616770; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial;" title="Monday, January 15, 2018 at 1:07 PM">51w</abbr></a><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><a ajaxify="/ajax/edits/browser/comment?comment_token=1532203206876469_1532921640137959" class="uiLinkSubtle" data-hover="tooltip" data-tooltip-content="Show edit history" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" rel="dialog" role="button" style="color: #90949c; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Show edit history">Edited</a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-label="Comment" class="UFIRow UFIComment _4oep" data-ft="{"tn":"R1"}" id="comment_js_3ei" role="article" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 4px 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="_3b-9" style="font-family: inherit; position: relative;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="clearfix" direction="left" style="font-family: inherit; zoom: 1;">
<br />
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFIImageBlockContent _42ef" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-left: 6px;">
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFICommentContentBlock" style="font-family: inherit; padding-right: 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="UFICommentContent" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="_26f8" style="align-items: center; display: flex; font-family: inherit; justify-content: flex-start;">
<div class="_10la _10lg" style="align-items: flex-end; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;"></span><br />
<div class="UFICommentActorAndBodySpacing" style="font-family: inherit; padding: 8px 10px;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class=" UFICommentActorName" data-ft="{"tn":";"}" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/hovercard.php?id=12627011&extragetparams=%7B%22is_public%22%3Afalse%2C%22hc_location%22%3A%22ufi%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A%22593617567401709%22%7D" dir="ltr" href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?fref=ufi" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_self">Eric Plaag</a></span> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="UFICommentBody _1n4g" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Anyway, this would suggest that the Jacob Councill cabin may have been in Boone, as you believe, and the Book G deed you found lends credence to this (though I don't think that was the cabin lot). I also think I’ve found the smoking gun on all of this.</span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> Deed Book M, Page 35 (July 30, 1887) addresses the following. My apologies for the lengthy legalese, but I think it’s necessary: “Know all men by these presents that we B. J. Councill, John F. Hardin, and his wife Mattie, being the heirs at law of Jacob M. Councill, deceased, are owners in common, having bought the undersigned interest of Charley Blair in said estate. Said lands [of the] estate of the said Jacob M. Councill, deceased, consists of what is known as a part of the old Benjamin Councill tract, the old Hodge tract, the Lewis tract, and the Shoulder tract, about three hundred acres more or less. And whereas the division line between us, the said B. J. Councill, John F. Hardin, and his wife, has never been established by us, now therefore we hereby establish and agree upon the division line between us, to wit: Beginning at the ford of the branch where it crosses the main road below the old Councill house place, running up said branch a north course to the Hodge line corner on a rock, then north 5 deg West up the said branch 20 poles to a rock in the branch at the fork below the Mark Hodge House, then north 19 deg west 13 poles to a rock, then north 18 deg east 16 poles passing a large sugar tree to a chestnut on top of the ridge, then north 22 deg west 62 poles to a double chestnut (small) on the side of the mountain, then north 5 deg east 23 poles to a hickory on the mountain side, then north 21 deg east 19 poles to a white oak on the shoulder of Howard’s Knob, then a north east course to H. W. Hardin’s corner on a ____. The above described line to be the established line of division between us ignoring all other division lines heretofore made between us.” </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">This places the Mark Hodge House—I think—somewhere in the vicinity of that giant garden property that’s being developed between Evergreen Lane and Glendale Drive. This just seems weird to me, because it’s well east of the James W. Councill house site in the middle of Boone, and if we assume that Jacob Councill was killed as the soldiers entered town, independent of the skirmish, that would mean that the troops who killed Jacob Mast Councill were beyond Boone before the skirmish occurred in Boone. I wonder instead if the chronology in both Spencer and Arthur is correct, and all of us interpreting them for the past 150 years (including Polly Horton) have made errant assumptions that aren’t based in fact in order to reconcile the narrative that Jacob Councill was off in a field somewhere, minding his own business when Union soldiers surprised him and killed him, as contrasted with the obvious pandemonium of the Boone skirmish. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">Put another way, Arthur clearly suggests that Jacob Councill was killed after the action at Boone, “when one of Stoneman’s men came to the door and shot him dead, notwithstanding his protestations.” Beall’s 1910 version places Jacob Councill’s death after the Boone skirmish, too. I wonder if what happened was the Boone residents at the James W. Councill house scattered when the Union troops answered their fire, running northeasterly toward Howard’s Knob (as several sources tell us), and as Union troops pursued them, one of the soldiers came upon Jacob Mast Councill in his field or barn, assumed he was one of the fleeing defenders, and simply shot him. That makes more sense to me than any of the other convoluted explanations we can invent from the available evidence.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="_10lo _10lp" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 10px; bottom: -14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 1px 3px 0px; color: #8d949e; font-family: inherit; font-size: 11px; line-height: 11px; margin: 0px 1px 0px -10px; padding: 2px 4px 2px 2px; position: absolute; right: 0px; transform: translateY(-3px); z-index: 5;">
<a ajaxify="/ufi/reaction/profile/dialog/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&av=1780662667" data-hover="tooltip" data-tooltip-alignh="center" data-tooltip-offsety="-3" data-tooltip-uri="/ufi/reaction/sentence/tooltip/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&client_id=1547215389389%3A3153315253&user_count=1&av=1780662667" href="https://www.facebook.com/ufi/reaction/profile/browser/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&av=1780662667" rel="dialog" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"></a><br />
<div class="_3t53 UFICommentReactionsBling _4ar- _ipn" style="color: #777d88; font-family: inherit; white-space: nowrap;">
<a ajaxify="/ufi/reaction/profile/dialog/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&av=1780662667" data-hover="tooltip" data-tooltip-alignh="center" data-tooltip-offsety="-3" data-tooltip-uri="/ufi/reaction/sentence/tooltip/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&client_id=1547215389389%3A3153315253&user_count=1&av=1780662667" href="https://www.facebook.com/ufi/reaction/profile/browser/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&av=1780662667" rel="dialog" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"><span aria-label="See who reacted to this" class="_3t54" style="float: none; font-family: inherit; margin-right: 2px;"><span aria-label="1 Like" class="_3emk _401_" data-testid="ufi_bling_token_1" style="border-radius: 10px; border-right: 2px solid rgb(255 , 255 , 255); display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; z-index: 3;"><span class="_9zc _2p7a _4-op _3uet _4e-m" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; height: 16px; position: relative; vertical-align: top; width: 16px;"><i class="_3j7l _2p78 _9-- _hly" style="background-image: url("/rsrc.php/v3/yd/r/WuBIQ_p0IF8.png"); background-position: 0px -526px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; display: block; height: 16px; left: 8px; margin-left: -8px; margin-top: -8px; position: absolute; top: 8px; transform: none; width: 16px;"></i></span></span></span><span class="UFICommentLikeButton UFISutroLikeCount" style="font-family: inherit; margin: -5px; padding: 2px 5px 4px;">1</span></a></div>
<a ajaxify="/ufi/reaction/profile/dialog/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&av=1780662667" data-hover="tooltip" data-tooltip-alignh="center" data-tooltip-offsety="-3" data-tooltip-uri="/ufi/reaction/sentence/tooltip/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&client_id=1547215389389%3A3153315253&user_count=1&av=1780662667" href="https://www.facebook.com/ufi/reaction/profile/browser/?ft_ent_identifier=1532203206876469_1532922006804589&av=1780662667" rel="dialog" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">
</a></div>
</div>
<span class="_36rj" style="font-family: inherit;"><a aria-label="Hide or report this" class="UFICommentCloseButton _1-be _xw0 _xw9 _5upp _42ft" commentid="1532922006804589" data-hover="tooltip" data-testid="ufi_comment_close_button" data-tooltip-alignh="center" data-tooltip-content="Hide or report this" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" menudata="[object Object],[object Object]" menutype="DOTS" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url("/rsrc.php/v3/yF/r/ePXd2hANYJI.png"); background-position: -39px -514px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px none; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0px !important; height: 12px; margin-left: 12px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: static; right: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; top: 0px; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; width: 12px; z-index: 1;" tooltip="Hide or report this">Manage</a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="fsm fwn fcg UFICommentActions" style="clear: both; color: #90949c; font-family: inherit; line-height: 12px; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 10px; min-height: 15px; padding-top: 3px;">
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div class="_khz _4sz1 _4rw5 _3wv2" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; position: relative; width: auto;">
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"><a aria-pressed="true" class="UFILikeLink UFIReactionLink UFILinkBright" data-testid="ufi_comment_like_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" role="button" style="color: #3578e5; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-weight: bold; outline: none; overflow-wrap: normal; text-decoration-line: none;" tabindex="0">Like</a></span></div>
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;">
</span><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><a class="UFIReplyLink _460i" data-testid="ufi_reply_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Reply</a><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class="uiLinkSubtle" data-ft="{"tn":"N"}" data-testid="ufi_comment_timestamp" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/permalink/1532203206876469/?comment_id=1532922006804589&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22R1%22%7D" style="color: #90949c; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"><abbr class="UFISutroCommentTimestamp livetimestamp" data-minimize="true" data-shorten="true" data-utime="1516039556" style="border-bottom: none; color: #616770; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial;" title="Monday, January 15, 2018 at 1:05 PM">51w</abbr></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-label="Comment" class="UFIRow UFIComment _4oep" data-ft="{"tn":"R0"}" id="comment_js_3ej" role="article" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 4px 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="_3b-9" style="font-family: inherit; position: relative;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="clearfix" direction="left" style="font-family: inherit; zoom: 1;">
<br />
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFIImageBlockContent _42ef" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-left: 6px;">
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFICommentContentBlock" style="font-family: inherit; padding-right: 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="UFICommentContent" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="_26f8" style="align-items: center; display: flex; font-family: inherit; justify-content: flex-start;">
<div class="_10la _10lg" style="align-items: flex-end; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;"></span><br />
<div class="UFICommentActorAndBodySpacing" style="font-family: inherit; padding: 8px 10px;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class=" UFICommentActorName" data-ft="{"tn":";"}" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/hovercard.php?id=12627011&extragetparams=%7B%22is_public%22%3Afalse%2C%22hc_location%22%3A%22ufi%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A%22593617567401709%22%7D" dir="ltr" href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?fref=ufi" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_self">Eric Plaag</a></span> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" style="font-family: inherit;"><span class="UFICommentBody _1n4g" style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">One other thing: Regarding Betty McFarland’s account saying that Jacob Mast Councill “gave the property for the first city cemetery,” I have never found a shred of evidence for this, and as you know, I’ve extensively researched the deed history on the </span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">cemetery. All data I’ve gathered suggests that this land belonged to Benjamin Councill, Sr., Jacob Mast Councill’s father, while the bulk of Jacob's land was on the north side of King Street. See Deed Book T, Page 583 (March 12, 1898), for a parcel immediately south of the Boone Cemetery, which makes clear reference to “the old grave yard as platted out by the administrators of Benjamin Councill at or about the time they made sale of the old Councill lands.” This seems to be a clear reference to Benjamin Councill, Sr. The two earliest stones at the cemetery (in terms of placement, not date of death) are those of Sarah A. Councill (1861-1863), Jacob Mast Councill’s daughter, and Jacob Mast Councill himself. This strongly suggests that it was initially used as the Councill family plot, which would explain why Sarah A. Councill was placed here, and of course various Councills owned all of that surrounding land in the vicinity at the time. Indeed, the 1879 tombstone orders for the three Union soldiers refer to the cemetery as the “Councill Cemetery,” even though several non-Councill family members were buried there by then. I suspect that McFarland made an assumption that since Jacob Mast Councill’s daughter was there, he must have given the land for the cemetery. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">Anyway, thanks for working through this with me.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span class="_36rj" style="font-family: inherit;"><a aria-label="Hide or report this" class="UFICommentCloseButton _1-be _xw0 _xw9 _5upp _42ft" commentid="1532922323471224" data-hover="tooltip" data-testid="ufi_comment_close_button" data-tooltip-alignh="center" data-tooltip-content="Hide or report this" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" menudata="[object Object],[object Object]" menutype="DOTS" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url("/rsrc.php/v3/yF/r/ePXd2hANYJI.png"); background-position: -39px -514px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px none; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0px !important; height: 12px; margin-left: 12px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: static; right: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; top: 0px; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; width: 12px; z-index: 1;" tooltip="Hide or report this">Manage</a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="fsm fwn fcg UFICommentActions" style="clear: both; color: #90949c; font-family: inherit; line-height: 12px; margin-bottom: 3px; margin-left: 10px; min-height: 15px; padding-top: 3px;">
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div class="_khz _4sz1 _4rw5 _3wv2" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; position: relative; width: auto;">
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"><a aria-pressed="false" class="UFILikeLink UFIReactionLink" data-testid="ufi_comment_like_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; outline: none; overflow-wrap: normal; text-decoration-line: none;" tabindex="0">Like</a></span></div>
<span class="_6a _3-me" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;">
</span><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><a class="UFIReplyLink _460i" data-testid="ufi_reply_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=Watauga%20History%20Hunters%20Jacob%20Mast%20COuncill&epa=SEARCH_BOX#" role="button" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Reply</a><span aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" style="font-family: inherit;"> · </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class="uiLinkSubtle" data-ft="{"tn":"N"}" data-testid="ufi_comment_timestamp" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WataugaHistory/permalink/1532203206876469/?comment_id=1532922323471224&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22%3A%22R0%22%7D" style="color: #90949c; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"><abbr class="UFISutroCommentTimestamp livetimestamp" data-minimize="true" data-shorten="true" data-utime="1516039585" style="border-bottom: none; color: #616770; text-decoration-line: none; text-decoration-style: initial;" title="Monday, January 15, 2018 at 1:06 PM">51w</abbr></a></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div aria-label="Comment" class="UFIRow UFILastComment UFIComment _4oep" data-ft="{"tn":"R"}" id="comment_js_3ek" role="article" style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, system-ui, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px 12px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 4px 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="_3b-9" style="font-family: inherit; position: relative;">
<div style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="clearfix" direction="left" style="font-family: inherit; zoom: 1;">
<br />
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFIImageBlockContent _42ef" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding-left: 6px;">
<div class="" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="UFICommentContentBlock" style="font-family: inherit; padding-right: 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="UFICommentContent" style="font-family: inherit;">
<div class="_26f8" style="align-items: center; display: flex; font-family: inherit; justify-content: flex-start;">
<div class="_10la _10lg" style="align-items: flex-end; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; position: relative;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;"></span><br />
<div class="UFICommentActorAndBodySpacing" style="font-family: inherit; padding: 8px 10px;">
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class=" UFICommentActorName" data-ft="{"tn":";"}" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/hovercard.php?id=12627011&extragetparams=%7B%22is_public%22%3Afalse%2C%22hc_location%22%3A%22ufi%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3A%22593617567401709%22%7D" dir="ltr" href="https://www.facebook.com/eric.plaag?fref=ufi" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-weight: 600; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_self">Eric Plaag</a></span> <span style="font-family: inherit;">Also...I believe the George Folk deed you found may have been for the lot where the Jones House stands. See Arthur, p. 301. The Jordan Councill, Jr., house stood where the Daniel Boone Hotel later stood (see WD, 9-24-1924), and the Folk deed describes the lot as being west of Councill's garden fence and north of King Street.</span></span></div>
<span class=" UFICommentActorAndBody" style="background-color: #eff1f3; border-radius: 18px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 16px;">
</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-2050701117709288802017-05-28T00:00:00.000-04:002018-04-17T14:18:00.476-04:00Memorial Day: 'Your Dear Son is Dead'<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNsOkHw4YobvjHjhUh0LShv3mGeCCi6Ix6zfR04QZ3iBov7k7VYKFiMMfifvLxNDcQ4XuSLag-vj7iivYCTLOW95ueypUiydNs5iwd6Y8Wji-2HZ8XeZWv3Mj86-I_wJVIxWmtHIFepcs/s1600/Stebbins.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="572" data-original-width="359" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNsOkHw4YobvjHjhUh0LShv3mGeCCi6Ix6zfR04QZ3iBov7k7VYKFiMMfifvLxNDcQ4XuSLag-vj7iivYCTLOW95ueypUiydNs5iwd6Y8Wji-2HZ8XeZWv3Mj86-I_wJVIxWmtHIFepcs/s400/Stebbins.png" width="250" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Union private Oliver Stebbins</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Civil War was nearly over when John and Charlotte Stebbins of Three Rivers, Michigan, sent their oldest son Oliver to join the Union Army.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> He enlisted Feb. 17, 1865, in the 11th Michigan Cavalry, which was one of the eight brigades assigned to Stoneman's Raid. They rode out of Knoxville, Tennessee, on </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">March 21, 1865</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">—Oliver's 18th birthday.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> For the next four weeks, Stoneman's troops were beyond the reach of <a href="https://archive.org/stream/historyoffifteen00kirk#page/518/mode/2up">mail</a> or <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/i-believe-i-am-talking-to-yankees-now.html">telegraph</a>, so we can assume that Stebbins' family heard nothing from him. They must have rejoiced to hear of <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/1865-boone-raid-made-new-york-times.html">the fall of Richmond</a> April 2 and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/springing-surprises-on-both-sides.html">the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee</a> April 9</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">—certain signs that the war was ending and that their son would soon be coming home.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Then came the following heartbreaking letters, the first two from a fellow Michigan soldier named John Schroder. [The crude spelling and wording is preserved from the original letters. I have inserted a few explanatory notes in brackets.]</span><br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Chattanooga, Tenn. </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">April the 23 1865</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: right;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Mrs. Stebbins,</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: right;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">I will let you know about your Oliver he is sick in the Hospital here. he was brought here with the Measles he has got over the Measles and has got Nuemonia in his side and the Bronchetis in the other side it is a hard case I have been here sick with the Measles and am just getting over them I am doing all that I can for your Dear Son he is very thirsty and wants watter every little while I watched him all last night and if he was in his right mind I assure you he will get well my bed is right beside his if he wants any thing he cals on me but I dont know whether he is in his right mind or not I see that he has something to eat every meal for I giv it to him myself I belong to the same regiment that he does. I will write you again in two or three days No more at present</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">John Schroder </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Co J 11th Michigan Inf </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Chattanooga, Tennessee</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">——</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span></div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Chattanooga, Tenn.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">April 27th 186</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Mrs. Stebinss</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Dear Madam I sorry to lett you now that your Dear Son is Dead he Deady [died] At 12 oClock at noon the 27 day of April I had sent for boys that he new but they did nott come I fill so if it is mens Duttey [duty] to write you and let you no that your Dear Son he has gon whar we all will haf to go up. Dan and I feel for him he was in good spirits for he deay I geaf him a drinck of watter about 10 minnits for he deady and he said to me John I will remember you but he call for me most all the time he never said anney thing about his father wial [while] he was sick he gott one letter from you I read the letter to him and he was glad to hear from you I haf written one letter befor to you But I don no if you haf got it or not I will go and see his garve [grave] wen I can gett thar I am som weak yet I will let you no about his garve and wet kind of plays [place] he is buryed</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">from your friend John Schroder</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Co J the 11th Mich Infantry</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Your Dear Son Close [clothes] will be sent bey express to you to Michigan he had no money wen he cam to hospitil only 75 cents and it was spent for him he had a Silver ring I hop you will gett his nam is on the ring I was going to sent it to you in a letter but it had to go with his close if God burys men live I will putt som flowers on his garve I was very sick with you Dear Son in the hospitil hear my home is in Butler Branch County Mich</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">——</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span></div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Headquarters 1</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">1 Regiment</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Michigan Vol Infty</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Chattanooga, Tenn</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">April 28, 1865</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> <br />
Mrs. Stebbins<br />
Maddam</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">It is my painful dutty to inform you of the Death of your son. He died in the Hospital in this place yesterday (April 27th 1865) of Rubeola (Measles) He was sent to the Hospital about (3) weeks ago he received as good care as one can get in the Hospl-he was visited by some of the men every day and all was done that surgeons and nurses could do under the circumstances Henry Parker of my Company has visited him together with others</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">He made one of the best Soldiers in the Regt-always doing his duty when called uppon and was verry much respected by all who knew him especially in his own company</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">He was steady honest and upright-and everything that makes a Gentleman and soldier and his lost is verry deeply felt by all his comrades and his officers.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">He died a good Christian and a good soldier to his country and will be remembered as such by all who knew him. He will be burried in the National Cemetary with Military honors.</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The cemetery is beautifully located all are soldiers in this-Department receive as good a burrial as he would north although it is done in a soldiers way<br />
The dispatch which I received read as follows from the doctor in charge</span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Office USA Genl Hospit</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Chattanooga Tenn Apl 28 65</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Comdg officer Co. B 11th Mich Infty</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Sir</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">I have to inform you that private Oliver Stebbins of your Co. died April 27th 65 of Rubeola (Measles)</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Effects Knapsack. Great coat, Trousers, Shirt, 2 pr drawers, Chest, loaf shoes</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Very Respectfully your Obt Sevat</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">John H Phillipes Surgeon</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">USA Volenteers in charge</span></div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Anything which I can do heard from you will be done by letting me know His effects and pay will be sent to you through the Surgeon in charge or from Washington D.C.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">——</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">———</span></blockquote>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Stebbins is mentioned in a book about Union Capt. John Edwards, "Last Full Measure of Devotion," written by Edwards' great-great nephew. They are listed among <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/memorial-day-stonemans-toll.html">five men from Hudson, Mich.</a>, who lost their lives in the April 12 <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Battle of Salisbury</a>.<br /> I think it is safe to assume that Stebbins was wounded at Salisbury, evacuated to Chattanooga, and subsequently developed measles and other complications. During the Civil War, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/memorial-day-carolina-ladies-honor.html">twice as many soldiers died from disease as from wounds</a>.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5kq_IIYoE6clc9wqcMdvPPGWSzdDDCjDlq9NeJP-6QrAd4Aw4ysP1FxaQGSMz1JwuzeXhJF28UreHuTwWj2YjPHZm-VSVnx7F4iGN20m84QfSex910hcuXg2JoOxjvNF2_iDGff0gIS0/s1600/Stebbins.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="487" data-original-width="302" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5kq_IIYoE6clc9wqcMdvPPGWSzdDDCjDlq9NeJP-6QrAd4Aw4ysP1FxaQGSMz1JwuzeXhJF28UreHuTwWj2YjPHZm-VSVnx7F4iGN20m84QfSex910hcuXg2JoOxjvNF2_iDGff0gIS0/s320/Stebbins.png" width="198" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Oliver Stebbins' grave in the Chattanooga National Cemetery</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /> There were probably close to 100 deaths in five states associated with Stoneman's Raid. I've documented as many as I can on our <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/memorial-day-stonemans-toll.html">Union Memorial</a> and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/honor-warriors-if-not-war.html">Confederate Memorial</a> pages. <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> honors those who served and died on both sides.</span></span></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-22798602703702315822017-05-01T15:37:00.000-04:002019-11-14T09:58:32.494-05:00Reasons for the war? How quickly we forget<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/us/politics/trump-andrew-jackson-fact-check.html?action=click&contentCollection=Politics&module=RelatedCoverage&region=EndOfArticle&pgtype=article">This</a> is not the first time a new president has needed a history lesson on the Civil War.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> It also happened in May 1865, when the war was as fresh as cavalry dust and the Yankees were still chasing the fugitive Confederate president Jefferson Davis across Georgia.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/reason-for-war-how-quickly-they-forgot.html">Here's a link to our original story in <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i></a>, where Union Gen. William Palmer wrote a passionate and eloquent letter intended for President Andrew Johnson. Palmer </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">was alarmed to hear that the administration might delay the full emancipation of slaves, now that Lincoln was dead. Gen. Palmer wanted the new president to know what he was hearing from Southerners and why emancipation was non-negotiable.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Our original story also includes links to the "Declaration of Causes," where several seceding states explained why they left the Union.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> If we're honest, we all have questions about the real reasons for secession and the Civil War (which are not necessarily the same), not to mention the complicated motives of individual generals and soldiers on both sides.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> However, the declarations of those who voted to secede are undeniable. For example, read what the delegates from Mississippi wrote:</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxobffEhq3zS5dI2vpRlQLbldP4YYPRJkdvuehAeTSgkgPYgYyh7SN4MUHGy0vkVE9wkLF51dP1pIIqlJUhBISKPkmPe7k5UaJxUOQ4Fuu4dlrIlrM_NQoDK9R8SgUrj94Nu4BkePlrsg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-05-05+at+3.46.09+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxobffEhq3zS5dI2vpRlQLbldP4YYPRJkdvuehAeTSgkgPYgYyh7SN4MUHGy0vkVE9wkLF51dP1pIIqlJUhBISKPkmPe7k5UaJxUOQ4Fuu4dlrIlrM_NQoDK9R8SgUrj94Nu4BkePlrsg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-05-05+at+3.46.09+PM.png" /></a></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-59584349331287791032017-04-08T19:54:00.003-04:002018-04-17T14:20:29.217-04:00Joan Baez: 'Till Stoneman's Cavalry came'<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP8zNYFkM-QWoMWkh7w-8_lwWzEATNK-jWaJ0nbeVXNXKw989yrfb1liVrE3HLzO6Jvc73GW89Jd2Egly1KLSBDU41ozpw3w6xNwi9YY0xiW97AYlOB4I0KvnRKouDj1m1MGUERP40W6I/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-04-10+at+6.20.29+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP8zNYFkM-QWoMWkh7w-8_lwWzEATNK-jWaJ0nbeVXNXKw989yrfb1liVrE3HLzO6Jvc73GW89Jd2Egly1KLSBDU41ozpw3w6xNwi9YY0xiW97AYlOB4I0KvnRKouDj1m1MGUERP40W6I/s400/Screen+Shot+2017-04-10+at+6.20.29+PM.png" width="367" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>This marker was erected Jan. 19, 1988 by the Sons of Confederate Veterans.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>They p<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">robabl<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">y didn't mean to celebrate a Yankee birthday, but the ceremony</span></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">was<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> held just one day after the 150th birthday of <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=91447598">Major Abram B. </a><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=91447598">Garner</a>.</span></span></span></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">I know Garner's birthday because it's the same as mine. <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">—</span>Tom <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Layton, editor</span> </span> </span></span></span></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> congratulates Joan Baez on her induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Her biggest hit, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/01/the-month-they-drove-old-dixie-down.html"><i>The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down</i>,</a> references Stoneman's Raid:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Virgil Caine is the name, and I served on the Danville train,<br />
till Stoneman’s cavalry came, and tore up the tracks again</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Songwriters Robbie Robertson and Levon Helm (who were inducted into the Hall of Fame with The Band in 1994) conjured up Caine to narrate historical events at the end of the Civil War.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In the winter of '65, the Confederacy was just barely alive, and the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/stabbing-confederacy-in-back.html">purpose of Stoneman's Raid</a> was to finish it off. After Stoneman's cavalry <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/some-bridges-you-hate-to-burn.html">destroyed the Virginia & Tennessee </a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/some-bridges-you-hate-to-burn.html">Railroad</a>, the rebels' final lifeline was the Piedmont Railroad between Danville and Greensboro.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> After Richmond fell, both of those towns </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">served as temporary capitals of the Confederacy. Jefferson Davis presided </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">April 3-10 in Danville, until he heard that Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered April 9 at Appomattox. Then he </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">fled to North Carolina, where he hoped that Gen. Joseph Johnston's army would be able to continue the fight.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Davis was aboard one of the last trains that made it to Greensboro before the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-medal-of-honor-and-even-bigger.html">Reedy Fork trestle was destroyed</a> April 11 in a daring raid ordered by Stoneman and led by Maj. Abram Garner. At the time, the Yankees were unaware of Lee's surrender or Davis's flight.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Davis stayed April 11-16 in Greensboro and then eluded Stoneman's cavalry on his way south through <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/reconciled-yankees-honor-jeff-davis.html">Charlotte</a>, past the smoldering bridge at <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/rebels-and-their-bridge-fall-for-yankee.html">Nation Ford</a>, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2017/01/cowpens-following-footsteps-of-history.html">across South Carolina</a>. He held final meetings in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/the-confederacy-returns-home-to-die.html">Abbeville</a> and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/tennessee-yankees-chase-jeff-davis.html">Washington</a> (Ga.) before <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/jeff-davis-dilemma-station-wagon-or.html">catching up with his family</a> and being captured by Michigan troops May 10 in south Georgia. </span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXzJtGlPjKXqDKGvyQv0-KzsYynCmyzVH_mdaFymsdwL6_j8eR-CADP5tZ3QQDVWOSygIcA83Ld4RJDvIEKBcVlD_-Nu5-sWls9-WC4uTBeGRmuW6__bn1NZnRI0ufURd9PW1LMGp_JJs/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-04-10+at+6.19.34+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXzJtGlPjKXqDKGvyQv0-KzsYynCmyzVH_mdaFymsdwL6_j8eR-CADP5tZ3QQDVWOSygIcA83Ld4RJDvIEKBcVlD_-Nu5-sWls9-WC4uTBeGRmuW6__bn1NZnRI0ufURd9PW1LMGp_JJs/s640/Screen+Shot+2017-04-10+at+6.19.34+PM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>This bridge crosses Reedy Fork at the same place as the original timber trestle destroyed by Stoneman's cavalry. (Photo by Royce Haley).</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></span></span></div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-22235261236931382062017-02-28T17:13:00.000-05:002018-04-20T13:39:18.433-04:00Remember when N.C. voted to save the Union? <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Four days before the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln, North Carolina held a statewide referendum to decide whether to secede from the Union. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> You might have thought that was a foregone conclusion. Seven southern states had already exited.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Yet at the end of February 1861, voters across North Carolina rejected secession and chose to </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">remain</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> in the Union. The vote was close, and it wasn't binding for long, but it remains a refreshing history lesson </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">fo</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">r our generation as we deal with another polarizing presidency and an increasingly fractious society.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVvaNLoJEQ_zcekGQDkVRWZmuUYHSlojpdfI0mybrkxMg5aW47tq2UYZAg9IrHyrFm88FOfX6oT4F3UcRNpTCYnoFVgsmnuEhQrIMCSO-ylMZGlxbWDOqzx9RbvE_4jpg94DCJV3iDyFw/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-11-18+at+11.44.27+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVvaNLoJEQ_zcekGQDkVRWZmuUYHSlojpdfI0mybrkxMg5aW47tq2UYZAg9IrHyrFm88FOfX6oT4F3UcRNpTCYnoFVgsmnuEhQrIMCSO-ylMZGlxbWDOqzx9RbvE_4jpg94DCJV3iDyFw/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-11-18+at+11.44.27+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><i>North Carolina Standard</i>, March 20, 1861</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> This referendum was news to me when I began researching Stoneman's Raid and learned about it from the books of North Carolina historian <a href="http://www.michaelchardy.com/">Michael C. Hardy</a>. I looked it up in old newspapers and found this county-by-county table in the <i>North Carolina Standard</i> published March 20, 1861 in Raleigh. The referendum was held February 28 (156 years ago today), but back then it took a couple of weeks to compile all the votes.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">North Carolina voters faced two questions:</span><br />
<div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Should the state hold a constitutional convention to consider secession?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">If the convention is approved, who would you vote for as your delegate?</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In effect, a vote against the convention was a vote for the Union.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> North Carolina rejected the convention by a margin of just 661 votes, 47,333 against and 46,672 for. That made the second question moot, but if the delegates had convened, they would have been 83-37 in favor of the Union.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Many of the counties that would be raided by Stoneman in 1865 were overwhelmingly loyal to the Union: <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/blink-and-youll-miss-battle-of-boone.html">Watauga</a> voted against a convention 536-72, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/easter-in-lenoir-bad-men-in-all-crowds.html">Caldwell</a> 651-186, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/where-stoneman-could-have-been-stopped.html">Wilkes</a> 1,890-51, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/guess-where-ncs-last-rebel-was-born.html">Yadkin</a> 1,490-34, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">Forsyth</a> 1,409-286, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-medal-of-honor-and-even-bigger.html">Guilford</a> 2,771-113.<br /> Among counties ready to secede were <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Rowan</a> 1,150-882, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/wading-through-blood-of-our-children.html">Catawba</a> 918-158, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/still-standing-like-stone-wall.html">Lincoln</a> 708-86, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/reconciled-yankees-honor-jeff-davis.html">Mecklenburg</a> 1,448-252, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/emmas-war-five-days-and-four-nights-of.html">McDowell</a> 638-217, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html">Buncombe</a> 1,219-389. Most of the support for secession was in eastern North Carolina, where slavery was more widespread.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> While North Carolina was still counting votes, Lincoln gave his inaugural address on March 4 and made one last eloquent plea to save the Union:</span></div>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #252525;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.</span></span></blockquote>
<div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span>So if North Carolinians were loyal to the Union, how did we wind up in the Confederacy?</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Six weeks after the referendum, the political landscape was jolted April 12-13 by the rebel <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/so-you-are-man-who-caused-all-this.html">bombardment of Fort Sumter</a>, April 15 by Lincoln's call for 75,000 troops to suppress the rebellion, and April 17 by the secession of Virginia, which geographically severed North Carolina from the Union.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Lincoln's action would have required North Carolinians to go to war against their neighboring states, and that was too much to ask. One way or another, the Union was already broken.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span>Secessionist leaders in North Carolina seized the moment, bypassed the referendum, and defied the expressed will of the people. On May 1, Gov. John Ellis called for a special session of the state legislature, which authorized a constitutional convention and nominated its own slate of delegates. On May 20, 1861, they voted 120-0 to secede from the Union. North Carolina became the 11th and last state to join the Confederacy.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span>Historian William T. Auman described the death spiral in his book, <i>Civil War in the North Carolina Quaker Belt </i>(the Quaker Belt was centered in Winston-Salem and Greensboro):</span></span></span><br />
<div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">North Carolina's Unionism proved to be no match for the centrifugal forces then pulling the United States apart along sectional seams. With the secession of the Deep South, the failure of one sectional compromise effort after another, the secession of Virginia, the firing on Fort Sumter, and the call by Lincoln on each state for troops to force the seceded states back into the Union, most Tar Heel Unionists</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">—</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">including those in the Quaker Belt</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">—</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">felt compelled to choose between what they viewed as the lesser of two evils and take their stand with their native section.</span></span></blockquote>
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhG8OexLHGYjdSoIJa2Y8WXQHeZf-FhsNmdQpi4s6K2Um5Ez4J7A0BmN6pamh_E-SYH-2SKipFgDBR9r6FbTVR_1v8f_oztkoadxcA5BSOQKwF1cJuYv_uTmZ4L3Ij0mEb-8tE8-hkxGE/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-03-02+at+11.03.30+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhG8OexLHGYjdSoIJa2Y8WXQHeZf-FhsNmdQpi4s6K2Um5Ez4J7A0BmN6pamh_E-SYH-2SKipFgDBR9r6FbTVR_1v8f_oztkoadxcA5BSOQKwF1cJuYv_uTmZ4L3Ij0mEb-8tE8-hkxGE/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-03-02+at+11.03.30+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Less than 12 weeks after the citizens of North Carolina voted to stay in the Union,</b></span><br />
<b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">delegates unanimously approved the Ordinance of Secession.</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /><br />
</span></span></div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-24329809221042252612017-01-15T22:58:00.001-05:002019-12-13T17:27:25.289-05:00Cowpens: Following the footsteps of liberty<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3talbFCoQbTKqtj3TC7D-Geyl6rfTzx8dg1juJnb_iDuAx10J1iwdG_PHuuhHjDs8u3jQ73UPo4UatYESNtgq9P9inO9gDolzxRaA2VRTMP38Iz7jtzOz35WotdFWNNMVc60ek4tpLUs/s1600/scruggs+house+3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3talbFCoQbTKqtj3TC7D-Geyl6rfTzx8dg1juJnb_iDuAx10J1iwdG_PHuuhHjDs8u3jQ73UPo4UatYESNtgq9P9inO9gDolzxRaA2VRTMP38Iz7jtzOz35WotdFWNNMVc60ek4tpLUs/s640/scruggs+house+3.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Stoneman's 1st Brigade <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">probably</span> visited the Scruggs homeplace on the Cowpens Battlefield</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">COWPENS, S.C.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Americans are notoriously bad at history, but here's one question you can't get wrong: Cowpens figured in (a) the Revolutionary War, (b) the Civil War, (c) World War II, or (d) the Iraq war</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">?</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The answer is ... all of the above.<br /> Tuesday, January 17, marks the 236th anniversary of the Battle of Cowpens, a brief but fierce fight in 1781 that went a long way toward ensuring <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">American</span> independence. Cowpens became the namesake for two Navy warships: an aircraft carrier nicknamed "the Mighty Moo" that was the first U.S. ship to enter Tokyo Bay in 1945, and a cruiser that fired Tomahawk missiles <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">at</span> <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">an </span>Iraqi nuclear facility <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">in 1993. (<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">T</span></span>hat attack came on the 212th anniversary of the original Battle of Cowpens, which I will assume is only a coincidence.)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> As for the Civil War connection, we turn to Stoneman's 1st Brigade, which crossed the Cowpens battlefield April 29, 1865, in hot <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/hunting-jefferson-davis-to-end-of-earth.html">pursuit of Confederate president Jefferson Davis</a>.</span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> I<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">n<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> his official report, <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/reconciled-yankees-honor-jeff-davis.html">Gen. William J. Palmer</a> of the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalr<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">y </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">wrote, "I had reached the vicinity of<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Cowpens battlefield, S.C., on April 29, when I received <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/hunting-jefferson-davis-to-end-of-earth.html">the order to endeav</a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/hunting-jefferson-davis-to-end-of-earth.html">or to inter</a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/hunting-jefferson-davis-to-end-of-earth.html">cept Jefferson Davis</a>, his Cabinet, and the Confederate specie." The orders came from Gen. George Stoneman, by now back in Knoxville, who believed that Davis absconded with up to $6 million in gold and silver specie when he abandoned his capital in Richmond April 2.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq_eifaBCQzDNHjwiJvhn_FjQhj_JzE2wv_aPIDuW_J-gBx8ivSU2gDyFDtj4qyiG3OsZBvKRobpt8IG8ihHBMUx8shXYeZ_e18VD-i7kuuodrBImsoJEjPtdue6O2S4zf9nPgo-0vMQM/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-01-19+at+5.12.10+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq_eifaBCQzDNHjwiJvhn_FjQhj_JzE2wv_aPIDuW_J-gBx8ivSU2gDyFDtj4qyiG3OsZBvKRobpt8IG8ihHBMUx8shXYeZ_e18VD-i7kuuodrBImsoJEjPtdue6O2S4zf9nPgo-0vMQM/s400/Screen+Shot+2017-01-19+at+5.12.10+PM.png" width="283" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Red lines on this 1906 map show how Gen.</b></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Palmer's 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry headed</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>from Rutherfordton toward Kings Mountain</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>before doubling back and crossing the Broad</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b> River at Island Ford. "Nashville" on this map</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>is actually Asheville. "Cowpens" marks the</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>location of the town rather than the</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>battlefield, which is 10 miles north of the</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>town and just south of the North Carolina</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><div style="text-align: center;">
line. I added the blue arrow to show an</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
April 29-30 expedition by the 12th Ohio</div>
</b></span><div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>in pursuit of Jefferson Davis.</b></span></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Gen. Palmer actually began the manhunt the day before, starting at <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/those-yankees-can-eat-dust-off-my-feet.html">Hickory Nut Gap</a> southeast of Asheville (labeled Nashville on this map). He marched through Rutherfordton, N.C., headed toward another Revolutionary War battlefield at Kings Mountain. Then he had to backtrack 20 miles to find a way across the Broad River.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> His cavalry </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">made <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">the crossing </span>at Island Ford (near <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">the current U.S. 221 bridge north of Chesnee, S.C.) and headed toward Spartanburg on a road that took them across the <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cowpens battlefield.</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> As the Yankees scouted for information about Davis, it seems likely that they inquired at the cabin of<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Robert Scruggs, whose farm encompassed part of the old battlefield. (Sixteen years earlier, in 1849, h</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">istorian Benson John Lossing had interviewed Scruggs to document details of the Battle of Cowpens for his <i><a href="http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wcarr1/Lossing1/Chap48.html">Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution</a></i>. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Lossing <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">later wrote the <i><a href="https://archive.org/details/pictorialhistor01lossgoog">Pictorial History of the </a></i><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i><a href="https://archive.org/details/pictorialhistor01lossgoog">Civil War</a></i>, <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">including</span> a clever bridge-burning epi<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">sode from Stoneman's Raid <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">t</span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">hat <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">he </span>calle<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">d </span></span></span>"<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/rebels-and-their-bridge-fall-for-yankee.html">one of the most gallant little exploits of the war<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">.</span></a>") </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Capt. Frank Mason wrote in his <a href="https://archive.org/details/twelfthohiocaval00maso">history of the 12th Ohio Cavalry</a> tha<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">t on the roundabout trip to Spartanburg, Gen. Palmer "pushed on a<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">t a swin<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">ging trot for many weary hours, crossing the revolutionary battlefield at Cowpens on the 29th, and on the same night arrived at Smith's Ford on the Pacolet River. Here Davi<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">s had crossed only <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">fo<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">rty-eight hours previous, and again the Brigade <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">gallop<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">ed forward, marching all night and reaching <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/breaking-news-original-stoneman-gazettes.html">Spartanburg</a> on the first of May.<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">" </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(Palmer's Pennsylvania troops captured Spartanburg on April 30. His Ohio regiment arrived a day later because the expedition to Smith's Ford added 50 miles. See details below.)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">Cap</a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">t. Henry We</a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">and, the </a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">unofficial war correspondent for </a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html">The Stoneman Gazette</a>, astutely noted some of the parallels between Stoneman's Raid and Cornwallis' march. "<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/is-this-map-that-stoneman-followed.html">Shallow Ford</a> over the Yadkin, as well as the ford we used over the Dan River, three miles from <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/i-suppose-generals-know-best.html">Danbury</a>, were both used eighty-five years before by the British army under Lord Cornwallis, while pursuing the troops of General Morgan, who had so beautifully whipped the British under Colonel Tarleton at Cowpens."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The original battle of the Cowpens was a strategic triumph for Gen. Daniel Morgan against what <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">was supposed to be a superior British <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">army commanded by <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Col. Banastre Tarleton, known as "Bloody Ban" for his slaughter of Patriots at the<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Battle of the Waxhaws <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">on May 29, 1780<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> near Lan<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">caster, S.C. If you don't know the history of Cowpens, <a href="https://www.nps.gov/cowp/learn/historyculture/the-battle-of-cowpens.htm">here's your chance to wise up</a>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">B</span>attle of <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cowpens came three months after the Battle of Kings Mountain, another upset victory for the Patriots. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cornwallis won the next big battle, March 15, 1781 at <a href="https://www.ourstate.com/photo-essay-reliving-the-revolution/">Guilford C</a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://www.ourstate.com/photo-essay-reliving-the-revolution/">ourthouse</a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, but all the fighting depleted his army faster than Britain could replenish it. Lord Cornwallis retreated to Yorktown, Va., where he <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">surrendered to Gen. George Washington<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> on October 19, 1781</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white;">—</span></span>nine months after Cowpens.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Cowpens National Battlefield is the only National Park site along the route of Stoneman's Raid (unless you count the six places the cavalry crossed what is now the Blue Ridge Parkway). <a href="https://www.nps.gov/cowp/planyourvisit/index.htm">The park</a> is near S.C. 11 between Gaffney and Chesnee and makes a pleasant rest stop for travelers who need a break from I-85. Admission is free and the park is open 9 a.m.-5 p.m.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> If you vi<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">sit<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, you may hear someone say,</span> "If there had been no Cowpens, there would have been no Yorktown."</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>Following the fords of Jeff Davis</b></span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUWSulp8IDRA2Vf3JLEXGWAvusWMgjByhRffPg-9CasGi29HMJ8dlAqRg2-H_-E00Wq-varyrL3XK5u_2tAyFikKvZMyr-XuSo6QjzlODkBQx3U1BrqUizTc7kAyVptqBQsXNbpee_jBI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-01-19+at+10.16.02+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUWSulp8IDRA2Vf3JLEXGWAvusWMgjByhRffPg-9CasGi29HMJ8dlAqRg2-H_-E00Wq-varyrL3XK5u_2tAyFikKvZMyr-XuSo6QjzlODkBQx3U1BrqUizTc7kAyVptqBQsXNbpee_jBI/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-01-19+at+10.16.02+AM.png" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> C</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">apt. Mason's reference to Smith's Ford gives us some clues </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">about <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">the pursuit of Jefferson Davis. </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Smith's Ford is </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">over 20 miles south<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">east of Cowpens </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">on the Broad River below Cherokee Falls and above the mouth of the Pacolet River.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Yankees knew Davis was headed southwest from Charlotte toward Mississippi to try to rally what remained of the Confederacy. Anticipating that <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Davis </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">might <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">go via </span></span>Smith's Ford, Palmer <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">d</span></span>ispatched the 12th Ohio Cavalry <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">to intercept him. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Indeed<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, t</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">hey captured </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">some stragglers fro<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">m Davis' escort<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> and </span>learned that he had crossed the Broad River just 48 hours earlier.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> So why didn't the Ohioans (who were one of Stoneman's best regiments) </span></span>immediately turn southwest to pursue Davis, instead of backtracking 25 miles west to Spartanburg? They were already on the south side of the Broad but still north of the Pac<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">o<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">let</span></span>. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The only explanation I can offer is that the Pacolet must have been too dangerous to cross. (It is possible that Davis crossed by boat.) </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> We do know from Mason's account that South Carolina rivers were flooded when Stoneman's Raid passed through. On May 3 when the </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">cavalry crossed the Tugaloo River at Hattons Ford west of Anderson, the water was so high and swift that several horses drowne<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">d<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">.</span></span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAPCYKAwYHMfRYC-xP9F6-VRrj5gVCaTvJqXHg0PU5LtzRwCzADWvYuoZfsE_sSUTqgq-_KacCcfEQOaMgrOBJOCT3AxYW8b0R77dTeVdSaOES2Xb_mJSCQnBCIvwXt2MYc0Mj7So9dbI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-01-16+at+6.25.53+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAPCYKAwYHMfRYC-xP9F6-VRrj5gVCaTvJqXHg0PU5LtzRwCzADWvYuoZfsE_sSUTqgq-_KacCcfEQOaMgrOBJOCT3AxYW8b0R77dTeVdSaOES2Xb_mJSCQnBCIvwXt2MYc0Mj7So9dbI/s640/Screen+Shot+2017-01-16+at+6.25.53+PM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>The same day the Yankees were at the Cowpens battlefield. Jefferson Davis was 45 miles south, fording the Tyger River on his way to the <a href="http://www.unioncountymuseum.com/site/cpage.asp?sec_id=180000487&cpage_id=180076302">Cross Keys House</a> between Union and Clinton. (This is the reverse side of the historical marker shown above.)</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-46749482094258054352016-12-05T19:08:00.004-05:002021-04-23T08:49:12.824-04:001940: Roadside fame or cast-iron shame? <div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4N2PJH-DBHaP7oB77uqlo3y5dUwhFKIG6y0A_AV-GBtgogocuEd3HbY_GAgU2B_uSO86VrNMYoNv8OtX9qPhpVr-DUOlYuqPvjAxxE1jL4qvmpmnqBhBanjQCHbIKM7lmuR76np4zLNM/s1600/gettysburg.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4N2PJH-DBHaP7oB77uqlo3y5dUwhFKIG6y0A_AV-GBtgogocuEd3HbY_GAgU2B_uSO86VrNMYoNv8OtX9qPhpVr-DUOlYuqPvjAxxE1jL4qvmpmnqBhBanjQCHbIKM7lmuR76np4zLNM/s640/gettysburg.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Civ<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">il War</span></span> veterans clad in gray and blue meet across a rock wall </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">on Cemetery Ridge<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> d</span>uring the 75th anniversary of the <span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">B</span>attle </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">of Gettysburg. The fellow on the left is giving the "rebel yell."</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Dece</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">mber 7, 2016, marks </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">the 75th anniversary of the Japanese air raid at Pearl Harbor that drew the United States into World War II.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> At <i>T</i></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>he Stoneman Gazette</i>, we are all about anniversaries and me<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">morials. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">This newspaper was created <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">to cover</span> </span></span>the double-diamond 150th anniversary (or sesquicentennial, if you prefer) of Stoneman's Raid.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> So, Pearl Harbor Day <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">seems like</span> a good time <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">to</span> look back <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">at</span> how our forefathers<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span>commemorated the 75th anniversar<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">ies</span> of Stoneman's Raid and the end of the Civil War<span style="background-color: white;">—j</span>ust 19 months before "<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oVrv_EQing">the date that will live in infamy</a>."</span><br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/mVjD2DaB4bY/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/mVjD2DaB4bY?feature=player_embedded" style="clear: right; float: right;" width="320"></iframe><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Nationally, the biggest ceremony was in 1938</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white;">—</span></span>the 75th anniversary of the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg. Some 2,500 Yanks and Rebs, all in their nineties, gathered on that blood-consecrated field for one last reunion. (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVjD2DaB4bY" target="_blank">Watch remarkable footage from Ken Burns' 1990 epic, <i>The Civil War</i></a>). Those veterans included at least one associated with Stoneman's Raid, Mose Triplett, who died just two weeks afterwards. (His daughter is the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/your-taxes-are-still-paying-for.html" target="_blank">last person receiving a Civil War pension</a>.)</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJzdBTGfdNkQB9VRpNhBoDpS4hSxoektcxfCCN_efd3NYekr7_kVA9GK5R6WnGGcFYiGMSSc3CVbg4qIK-gvEbfFG2Rq9mEI2pDAdGdb8GsyyJO3xmZhVtRb2SQIVLWMKvw5__KSIwA8Y/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-12+at+10.12.32+AM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJzdBTGfdNkQB9VRpNhBoDpS4hSxoektcxfCCN_efd3NYekr7_kVA9GK5R6WnGGcFYiGMSSc3CVbg4qIK-gvEbfFG2Rq9mEI2pDAdGdb8GsyyJO3xmZhVtRb2SQIVLWMKvw5__KSIwA8Y/s320/Screen+Shot+2016-12-12+at+10.12.32+AM.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Burlington <i>Daily Times-News</i>, April 16, 1940</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> By 1940, the 75th anniversary of the end of the Civil War was overshadowed by the beginnings of World War II in Europe. Across North Carolina, the </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">United Daughters of the Confederacy held local ceremonies on Confederate Memorial Day, May 10 (the date of <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/still-standing-like-stone-wall.html">Stonewall Jackson's death in 1863</a> and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/jeff-davis-dilemma-station-wagon-or.html">Jefferson Davis's capture in 1865</a>), to remember fallen heroes and salute the last few surviving veterans. Prominent politicians made speeches under a battle flag at Hillsborough's <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Alexan<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">der </span></span>Dickson House, known as "<a href="https://www.visitnc.com/listing/alexander-dickson-house-hillsborough-visitors-center" target="_blank">the last headquarters of the Confederacy</a>."</span></div><div><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> (The Dickson house now serves as the Hillsborough County Visitor's Center. <a href="http://nccivilwarcenter.org/the-last-headquarters-of-the-confederacy-a-mixture-of-oral-history-as-told-by-john-w-dickson-and-research/?fbclid=IwAR0qEWBx0JPVlMzrz_Sat2MY_IGh5U9cBNAwQ2Rb8xh7EPVXEd_XOLeUUos">This history by a Dickson descendant</a> is fascinating, though some of the details are contradicted by what we know about Stoneman's timeline.)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> As for Stoneman's Raid, you might have expected North Carolina to sweep the whole painful episode under the rug of history. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Instead, the state marked the 75th anniversary of the raid by be<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">stowing Gen. George </span>Stoneman <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">with roadside fame and making him a something of a household name</span> in the mountains and foothills. </span></div>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggFH6TgsVbmQ-wjEY_fNg1ycBP47ASlUOvPmy5JnKnS2bS1mhrcWKtJwfihMSfoqdEPGRZAvq6Lqwyo7tLy8Drg1vb6E1F2H2gKoEmTcZ7kalovDg3zTdW4jFp2Cu8BEKy382-MEkE9-4/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-05+at+6.07.54+PM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggFH6TgsVbmQ-wjEY_fNg1ycBP47ASlUOvPmy5JnKnS2bS1mhrcWKtJwfihMSfoqdEPGRZAvq6Lqwyo7tLy8Drg1vb6E1F2H2gKoEmTcZ7kalovDg3zTdW4jFp2Cu8BEKy382-MEkE9-4/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-12-05+at+6.07.54+PM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>These markers in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Salisbury</a> are among 18 erected by North Carolina 75 years after Stoneman's Raid.<br /><br /></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In 1940, the state's official historian, C.C. Crittenden*, commissioned 18</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> cast-iron historical markers to trace the path of Stoneman's Raid along highways from Boone to Mount Airy and from Salisbury to Asheville. As the grandson of two Confederate soldiers, </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Crittenden must have known how provocative this would be.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Some</span> North Carolinians were outraged that their state would spend their taxes to honor the notorious Yankee general and a campaign that was scorched into their family memories. "When the first North Carolina historical markers commemorating the raid were installed over seventy years afterward, citizens tore them down and threw them in a river," historian Chris Hartley wrote in the cover notes for his book, <i>Stoneman's Raid, 1865</i>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b> In 1969, historian Glenn Tucker</b> (the award-winning biographer of Gov. Zebulon Vance) had a similar reaction. Writing about the Civil War for the centennial edition of the <i>Asheville Citizen-Times</i>, he scoffed:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;">Stoneman's raid, though still prominently advertised, did not hasten the end of the Confederacy by an hour. Anyone is entitled to wonder why, since it passed through Asheville after Lee and Johnston's men had laid down their arms, it is commemorated so extravagantly by historical markers in Asheville, Hendersonville, Lynn, and places in the Piedmont. Little if any heroism appears to have been involved. Incidents occurred which had better be forgotten. ... <b>A salutory event would be for the historical commission in Raleigh to apply the Stoneman touch and trip down those signs</b>, then substitute more worthy markers.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Tucker raised a legitimate question, since Stoneman's Raid has nearly twice as many markers as <a href="https://www.ourstate.com/shermans-march/">Sherman's march through eastern North Carolina</a><span style="background-color: white;">—a much more significant campaign that</span> effectively ended the Civil War. Undeniably, some of the raiders were guilty of rape, pillage, and other dishonorable deeds during the week they spent in the mountains.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> However, I must respectfully disagree with some of Tucker's <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">conclusion</span>s about the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/peace-down-east-war-out-west-it-flip.html">timing</a>, conduct, and consequences of the raid. And I have corroborating witnesses. Gen. Ulysses Grant shared Tucker's disdain for Stoneman, yet Grant did acknowledge that <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/some-bridges-you-hate-to-burn.html">the raid helped finish off the Confederacy</a>. An Ohio captain who later became a historian and a diplomat described Stoneman's Raid as "<a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/recap-us-cavalry-arrived-just-in-time.html">brilliant but inadequately appreciated</a>."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b> Are the markers appropriate?</b> I think so, and the scholars in Raleigh seem to agree: In the 76 years since the signs were erected and the 47 years since Tucker objected, only one of the 18 has been decommissioned by the state. It was in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/wading-through-blood-of-our-children.html">Newton</a>, and it was replaced by the city in 2009 after it was knocked down by a snowplow in 1989.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Eleven of the original 1940 markers still stand. You can find six of them near the courthouses in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/blink-and-youll-miss-battle-of-boone.html">Boone</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/where-stoneman-could-have-been-stopped.html">Wilkesboro</a>, <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/12636969@N04/6009236802">Dobson</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/i-suppose-generals-know-best.html">Danbury</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Salisbury</a>, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/historical-markers-reading-between-lines.html">Rutherfordton</a>. Two more are on the outskirts of Salisbury, the most significant battlefield of Stoneman's Raid. Others remain in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-awful-burr-in-stonemans-saddle.html">Statesville</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/easter-in-lenoir-bad-men-in-all-crowds.html">Lenoir</a>, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/historical-markers-reading-between-lines.html">Lynn</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Six of the originals have been replaced with newer plaques in <a href="http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM10Y7_Stonemans_Raid_Hendersonville_NC">Hendersonville</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html">Asheville</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/historical-markers-reading-between-lines.html">Morganton</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/is-this-map-that-stoneman-followed.html">Shallow Ford</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/a-punchline-worthy-of-mark-twain.html">Mount Airy</a>, and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/11/historical-marker-gets-second-home.html">Blowing Rock</a>. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Two m</span>ore monuments to Stoneman's Raid were added at <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/meanwhile-back-in-boone.html">Deep Gap</a> in 1959 and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/swannanoa-one-last-stand-for-lost-cause.html">Swannanoa Gap</a> in 1960. So there were 20 state markers before the disappearance of the one in Newton.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Contrary to Tucker's generalizations, these markers are not one-sided in favor of the Yankees. The ones at the Yadkin River near Salisbury and the Swannanoa Gap east of Asheville commemorate heroic rebel stands that resulted in the last Confederate victories of the war.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM2aVKMnqKIAthKplhWO8rIpWT9ujqbG1cmdTNNqgdWU-ZE2zJGDHSFYDRNoCFa9IxmAEsekEy9SB6P5AY7kJoMoYdBYmZ87_1LGQwNxL7Mc2r4P_shezyXN0cS3-7jA6iWNEV_JIOzE4/s1600/geyser.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM2aVKMnqKIAthKplhWO8rIpWT9ujqbG1cmdTNNqgdWU-ZE2zJGDHSFYDRNoCFa9IxmAEsekEy9SB6P5AY7kJoMoYdBYmZ87_1LGQwNxL7Mc2r4P_shezyXN0cS3-7jA6iWNEV_JIOzE4/s400/geyser.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>Civil War Trails displays along Stoneman's route<br /> include </b></span><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>this one at Andrews Geyser near Old Fort,</b></span><br />
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: small;"><b>commemorating the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/swannanoa-one-last-stand-for-lost-cause.html">last Confederate victory.</a></b></span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> In addition to the state and city markers, Stoneman's Raid is also documented by 24 <a href="http://www.civilwartrails.org/docs/NC-brochure.pdf">Civil War Trails</a> displays. These illustrated and informative plaques are part of an effort to promote Civil War tourism.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Near Greensboro, there are also <a href="http://www.coljohnsloancamp.org/index.php/about/monuments-and-markers">two monuments</a> related to Stoneman's Raid erected by the Col. John Sloan Camp of the Sons of the Confederate Veterans.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Altogether, I've found 46 historical markers documenting the 28 days and 500 miles that Stoneman's raiders criss-crossed 24 counties in western North Carolina.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Folks who agree with Tucker might be more content <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">in </span><a href="http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM4Z0V_Battle_of_Kingsport_TN" target="_blank">Tennessee</a>, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-indispensable-yet-disposable.html">Virginia</a>, or <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html">South Carolina</a>, where few markers <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">mention</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Stoneman by name. </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/jasper/the-stoneman-raid4">Georgia</a></span> </span>has several, but most of them focus on an 186<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">4 raid where <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/editors-note-covering-stonemans-raid.html" target="_blank">rebels captured Stoneman</a>.</span></span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></span></span>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi8V2jwaCuqxeKvvBUhCjIKRyN2NARl9JsCRODIQce-1gAojcSa93rr4d7s9LjYyvrsY0VLnD0bflLnbGCdViOL5Mayq2rOqoqqA4yju0adUche9DYD4xfvTI0XNTmShndlv0_oUoFILg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-20+at+9.29.49+AM.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi8V2jwaCuqxeKvvBUhCjIKRyN2NARl9JsCRODIQce-1gAojcSa93rr4d7s9LjYyvrsY0VLnD0bflLnbGCdViOL5Mayq2rOqoqqA4yju0adUche9DYD4xfvTI0XNTmShndlv0_oUoFILg/s320/Screen+Shot+2016-12-20+at+9.29.49+AM.png" width="178" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>C.C. Crittenden</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihRI1q5qVTbsTaKband0YxhSh1gTUrx63yLsk9hcB6BYwCboW1t-29W2L4iYLMrK_Un7-c80GWeJsOHVKyW8aJpFLN8j82wbgciHWFraTumXos8bZb8vp-UOfE2xRE8KEIM4pSLSKRCbM/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-20+at+9.07.32+AM.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihRI1q5qVTbsTaKband0YxhSh1gTUrx63yLsk9hcB6BYwCboW1t-29W2L4iYLMrK_Un7-c80GWeJsOHVKyW8aJpFLN8j82wbgciHWFraTumXos8bZb8vp-UOfE2xRE8KEIM4pSLSKRCbM/s320/Screen+Shot+2016-12-20+at+9.07.32+AM.png" width="191" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>S.S. Crittenden</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><b>* C.C. CRITTENDEN</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> (1902-1969) should not be confused with </span><b>S.S. CRITTENDEN</b><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> (1829-1911), a Confederate veteran who wrote the </span><a href="https://archive.org/details/greenvillecentu00critgoog">1903 centennial history of Greenville, S.C.</a><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> As far as I can tell, they were not related, and they would have disagreed on how we should remember Stoneman's Raid. In his brief chapter on "<a href="https://archive.org/stream/greenvillecentu00critgoog#page/n82/mode/1up">Greenville During the War</a>," S.S. Crittenden did not mention the two occasions that Stoneman's cavalry invaded Greenville (</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-raid-is-worst-form-of-war.html">May 1-2</a><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"> and </span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-dodges-last-bullet-of.html">May 22-24</a><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">, 1865). Certainly he knew of these incidents, and it would not be surprising if he was personally involved in the local resistance. His mother was from Salisbury, N.C., which famously <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/breaking-news-original-stoneman-gazettes.html">denied its history with Stoneman</a>.</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBXgP97pGPMC7kg12GpYPDUmxNnqRBDKcT3lGuY8QT4tH_ALBGPahj3ZhKIDndP_HScj4-L-IL-5iORRGdcR1sk_zYzP6F8uEWah7HLZRMjk6lwaYcPqt8FiP089zXyvOvC9RxU-5oXdE/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-06+at+9.22.45+AM.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="76" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBXgP97pGPMC7kg12GpYPDUmxNnqRBDKcT3lGuY8QT4tH_ALBGPahj3ZhKIDndP_HScj4-L-IL-5iORRGdcR1sk_zYzP6F8uEWah7HLZRMjk6lwaYcPqt8FiP089zXyvOvC9RxU-5oXdE/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-12-06+at+9.22.45+AM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu5oAQLACB69HSFEFl0rxt53BgDP3ZqPr1eT-IfAXEZAX2w72ydzE1EYk3HYhjejEhr6CBEo3t8HDRAcmuwLAVk6tiSu0EpHHgOyHQO28QkteKBbCX_JJUf7amq5nfSwWB3Z7BJIcEyy4/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-06+at+8.24.52+AM.png" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="474" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu5oAQLACB69HSFEFl0rxt53BgDP3ZqPr1eT-IfAXEZAX2w72ydzE1EYk3HYhjejEhr6CBEo3t8HDRAcmuwLAVk6tiSu0EpHHgOyHQO28QkteKBbCX_JJUf7amq5nfSwWB3Z7BJIcEyy4/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-12-06+at+8.24.52+AM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><b>The first 11 markers for Stoneman's Raid were announced May 7, 1940—75 years after the raid and 19 months before Pearl Harbor. This clipping is from <i>The Robesonian</i> in Lumberton, N.C.</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
</div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-47171025876997056592016-11-10T16:49:00.002-05:002020-10-30T15:57:57.226-04:00Vet's dilemma: Which side would he fight for?<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">FLAG POND, Tenn.</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">One cold winter night in 1947, Anderson Moore was</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> on his way to bed when he s</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">tumbled and fel</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">l</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">. For the next five weeks he tolerated a painful crick in his neck, until he finally sought care at the Oteen Veterans Hospital near Asheville, N.C.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimicl6RxXL3qjcXxKaGBzMze7lvXB_hB6yY96tr6W0xE5VM3QQKReq2CAJh0lowPR3X_5z768hkjrPJjGG62ZO_EiPflfrTDfz9XUFcs3O8-wYbMBHDZs-mSxI2LH31PFB3HeOHeGsUnM/s1600/moore+pix.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimicl6RxXL3qjcXxKaGBzMze7lvXB_hB6yY96tr6W0xE5VM3QQKReq2CAJh0lowPR3X_5z768hkjrPJjGG62ZO_EiPflfrTDfz9XUFcs3O8-wYbMBHDZs-mSxI2LH31PFB3HeOHeGsUnM/s320/moore+pix.png" width="189" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif">Anderson Moore (1847-1949)</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Doctors diagnosed a fractured vertebra and admitted Moore into a ward with a dozen</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> young veterans of World War II. That must have made for some interesting war stories<span style="background-color: white;">—</span>because Moore was 100 years old and <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">fought for the Union </span>in the Civil War.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Hospital administrators tipped <i>The Asheville Citizen</i>, which published Moore's story and asked him <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">the</span> obvious question: <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">W</span>hy <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">woul</span>d a Southerner enlist wi<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">th the Yankees</span>?</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> "To keep out of the rebel army," <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">he</span> declared.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> By the middle of the 20th century, it was easy for the public to forget that <a href="http://tomlayton.blogspot.com/2013/10/this-late-unpleasantness.html">not all southerners were rebels</a>. In fact, back in 1861 following the election of Abraham Lincoln, the majority of North Carolinian<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">s</span> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2017/02/remember-when-nc-voted-to-save-union.html">voted <b>against</b> secession</a>. Pro-Union sentiment was strongest in the <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">mountains, where <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/08/gis-maps-another-civil-war-breakthrough.html" target="_blank">few families </a></span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/08/gis-maps-another-civil-war-breakthrough.html" target="_blank">owned slaves</a> and most saw no reason to <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/abraham-lincoln-and-horn-of-freedom.html">fight against the country that their fathers and grandfathers had fought for</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Yet as soon as they turned 17, young men like Moore were required to join the Confederate army. If they dodged the draft, the local Home Guard would hunt them down.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> "I didn't have any better sense than to fight," Moore said.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Actually, he had no choice but to fight. His only choice was: Which side would he fight for?</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> When Moore turned 17 in 1864, </span><span style="font-size: large;">he walked 50 miles to <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/meet-george-stoneman.html" target="_blank">Strawberry Plains, Tenn.</a>, to enlist with the Union Army in the 3rd North Carolina Mounted Infantry. Unfortunately, there were not enough horses for all the soldiers. "We weren't mounted," he joked. "We were webfeet."</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> He said he fought in a number of skirmishes and minor battles, including Stoneman's Raid. The 3rd N.C. Mounted Infantry was part of Stoneman's rear guard and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/meanwhile-back-in-boone.html" target="_blank">occupied Boone</a> and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html" target="_blank">Asheville</a> in the closing weeks of the war.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Moore was born Jan. 10, 1847, in Flag Pond, Tenn., a mountain community just across Sams Gap from North Carolina. His longevity was no surprise, since his father lived to be 108. After the war, Moore became a farmer, was </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">married twice, and had five children, five step-children, and 35 grandchildren. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">S<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">ome of them shared his pro-Union sympathies<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, because o</span></span></span>ne of his grandsons was named Meade, after the Union general who defeated Robert E. Lee at Gettysburg. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Moore lived two more years and was 102 when he </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">died June 3, 1949, at home in Madison County, N.C. As far as I have found, he was the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2020/08/sounding-taps-for-stonemans-last-veteran.html">next-to-last surviving veteran from Stoneman's Raid</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;"> </span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF8l-nKjvZNUNEN8Dpi3-Hoki5kMIl6kkABGcu6kEIJjiGUe-7tbTJVjEsnLz1LhRLI9_p93Q1sCljUSLXFTRLbPt-1yOSjL8WEe4nhxFkEUFFcTBQebsv0NWovNqbx-BeUE_vmHwawXY/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-11-04+at+5.29.32+PM.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="98" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF8l-nKjvZNUNEN8Dpi3-Hoki5kMIl6kkABGcu6kEIJjiGUe-7tbTJVjEsnLz1LhRLI9_p93Q1sCljUSLXFTRLbPt-1yOSjL8WEe4nhxFkEUFFcTBQebsv0NWovNqbx-BeUE_vmHwawXY/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-11-04+at+5.29.32+PM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif"></span></blockquote>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfssJPzcjjOrE-xRHEb3ScChvSnem5k35F9W4wUnTOu_02JKTPeYw_V70BIrhrhbfZpMKi1OZzSulp9OiCUeMTCMfmG83AduDE3XNL4058nM7IQrQip3fhk3kdci1jsSzsX4DY_xZLZv8/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-11-04+at+5.46.44+PM.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfssJPzcjjOrE-xRHEb3ScChvSnem5k35F9W4wUnTOu_02JKTPeYw_V70BIrhrhbfZpMKi1OZzSulp9OiCUeMTCMfmG83AduDE3XNL4058nM7IQrQip3fhk3kdci1jsSzsX4DY_xZLZv8/s400/Screen+Shot+2016-11-04+at+5.46.44+PM.png" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDOOIbfnvwEUIi8MniBJKVqltPD2hiSdjnHUBTpEoj8zIunIXbfLFZ0S7iShno9glQ8HCT509FccO51HLkgvtsKLVOJ3gLdJWQYU4brUnaqjKIZbSVdsyolv3dPyF7YDemdNZ5dHBJd7M/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-11-04+at+5.47.03+PM.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDOOIbfnvwEUIi8MniBJKVqltPD2hiSdjnHUBTpEoj8zIunIXbfLFZ0S7iShno9glQ8HCT509FccO51HLkgvtsKLVOJ3gLdJWQYU4brUnaqjKIZbSVdsyolv3dPyF7YDemdNZ5dHBJd7M/s640/Screen+Shot+2016-11-04+at+5.47.03+PM.png" width="236" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">The nurse quoted in this clipping, Mercina "Jimmie" Pananes McSwain (1922-2013), was the daughter of Greek immigrants and a graduate of Johns Hopkins who met her husband Ray McSwain during the year she worked at the Oteen Veterans Hospital. She became known as the godmother of tennis in the Swannanoa Valley, and the town courts in Black Mountain are named for her.</b><br />
<b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""trebuchet ms" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b>NEXT➤</b> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/12/marking-time-75-years-after-attack.html" target="_blank">75 years later: Roadside fame, household name</a></span></div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-34641141211983296282016-10-24T22:41:00.001-04:002020-08-12T17:52:53.505-04:00The ghost of Della Barnes <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6NjS7f0Nw1NawW6ef0lqXxnTnHhHU7U_AboPCM282Ho4aGw50CSkk8hJ2mtZre68CfBjSCf8-7pylm-xluYK0FQd_y4WdBRDoB96j8FFqJncFLlsjke9moOLkS1qzExNDYuwwHKQNemk/s1600/Della+Barnes+statue+broken.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6NjS7f0Nw1NawW6ef0lqXxnTnHhHU7U_AboPCM282Ho4aGw50CSkk8hJ2mtZre68CfBjSCf8-7pylm-xluYK0FQd_y4WdBRDoB96j8FFqJncFLlsjke9moOLkS1qzExNDYuwwHKQNemk/s320/Della+Barnes+statue+broken.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Della Barnes' truncated statue</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">PADUCAH, Ky.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Della Barnes was a heartbreaker. One man gave her an expensive engagement ring, but she chose to marry another. The jilted man was so enraged that he cut off Della's ring finger, and she bled to death. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Or <a href="http://westkyareatalk.blogspot.com/2012/04/della-barnes-statue-needs-to-be.html" target="_blank">so the legend goes</a>.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The true story of Della's demise, as reported in the <i>Paducah Daily Sun, </i>is just as haunting. One summer night in 1897, Della told a friend that she didn't feel well and was going to take a dose of calomel, a mercury compound that is now known to be toxic but back then was used to treat various ailments. By accident, she swallowed morphine instead. Della went to bed and never woke up.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> The heartbroken man in this real-life tragedy was her father, Major George Barnes. A Tennessee native who remained loyal to the Union throughout the Civil War, he rode with the 12th Kentucky Cavalry in Stoneman's Raid and was <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/search?q=New+York+Times">mentioned in the <i>New York Times</i></a> for his leadership in the invasion of Boone, N.C. He was also entrusted with the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/recap-us-cavalry-arrived-just-in-time.html">destruction of the Confederate armory at Salisbury</a>.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> After the war, Maj. Barnes married 17-year-old Anna Robinson and became a successful coal merchant and city councilman in Paducah, a city on the lower Ohio River across from Illinois.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIGxEFKrU6v27ATOvuXsj5h7hMEzLIW8hVP4I_7dzJGf-iUG2IOjZg92Hud9Q1dJFlzEyn7FYk9kRQo6iVXOuVSvN75Q4Jnw8ouDhZ4gPXPQwBRbi5HElbrkXBLc7Fv_RFDtGIklKpOwM/s1600/della+statue.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIGxEFKrU6v27ATOvuXsj5h7hMEzLIW8hVP4I_7dzJGf-iUG2IOjZg92Hud9Q1dJFlzEyn7FYk9kRQo6iVXOuVSvN75Q4Jnw8ouDhZ4gPXPQwBRbi5HElbrkXBLc7Fv_RFDtGIklKpOwM/s400/della+statue.png" width="187" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Della's original monument</span></span></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Della was born in 1874, when her father was 38. He had three o</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">ther </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">daughters (two grew up to marry and one died a</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">t age five)</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">, but Della was his darling, and after she died on June 27, 1897, he never got over it. To mark h</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">er grave, h</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">e commissioned an Italian sculptor to carve a life-sized statue of Della holding a rose over</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> he<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">r hear<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Over the next year, he was engulfed by grief, his business <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">failed, </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">and his debts mounted.</span> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> On November 3, 1898, Barnes bought 30 grains of morphine</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 25px;"><span class="Apple-style-span">—</span></span></span></span>the same drug that had killed Della. That's enough to kill 10 men. To get so much, he had to go to two apothecaries, and he told one of them he needed it for a sick horse. Instead, he swallowed it all with a bottle of whiskey. Hours later when his family found him, they called the same doctor who had tried to revive Della, but it was too late.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Barnes, 62, left a note written on paper that had wrapped the morphine, explaining that he had no domestic
trouble, but that he took his life because of financial embarrassment and his grief over Della's death. He asked God to have mercy on his soul and take care of his little grandson.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> According to his obituary:</span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The deceased was a good, conscientious man, and highly esteemed by all who knew him. His friends were numbered by the hundred, and among them are not only his old comrades at arms in the Union army, but the men who fought on the other side as well, and for whom he always showed the highest regard and friendship.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Major Barnes was buried in an unmarked grave next to Della in Paducah's Oak Grove cemetery.</span></span> <br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCPZUADSnHSwp_dVzurZYWjHh4cq9XaWLwAis2GDrBHbl_Ei5XR-LemhQepYXqvZzu1OhGLHvVrcs5MOUquKfBN1i4bF3KctrQnbK9CbpJBMjAzfpJe_IqqcZ0eh1H_5z5X-JW64NN2p8/s1600/della+barnes+statue+today.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCPZUADSnHSwp_dVzurZYWjHh4cq9XaWLwAis2GDrBHbl_Ei5XR-LemhQepYXqvZzu1OhGLHvVrcs5MOUquKfBN1i4bF3KctrQnbK9CbpJBMjAzfpJe_IqqcZ0eh1H_5z5X-JW64NN2p8/s320/della+barnes+statue+today.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Today, Della's grave is barely recognizable. Her monument has disappeared, piece by piece. After vandals broke off her ring finger, people swore they saw the statue bleeding or crying. Then her head and torso disappeared. Now, all that remains is the marble foundation, decorated by flowers.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">But some people say ... if you dare to visit the cemetery at night on the anniversary of her death, you just might see Della's pale ghost walking the darkened paths through the old oak grove, clutching a blood-red rose over her heart</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>NEXT➤</b> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/11/veterans-dilemma-which-side-would-he.html">Vet's dilemma: Which side would he fight for?</a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">
</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span></span>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0PFlii0aToy8y8rBVR05l09HSW6HeBC7sAJzp5Ztx6x_EE0DSnXWYu8Azl41grz8ZFN1PiolRBSF4w9eOGmmJOur-um31v06x9PTw0rIBUj4zkLHJBzBn9zkdZTFIfLNqIbgXU3CVYlg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-25+at+10.14.20+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0PFlii0aToy8y8rBVR05l09HSW6HeBC7sAJzp5Ztx6x_EE0DSnXWYu8Azl41grz8ZFN1PiolRBSF4w9eOGmmJOur-um31v06x9PTw0rIBUj4zkLHJBzBn9zkdZTFIfLNqIbgXU3CVYlg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-25+at+10.14.20+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7168972/della_barnes_obit/" target="_blank">Paducah Daily Sun, June 28, 1897</a></b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhViWWOqDJ4Ayd0oDt4C1lrQH7t1l96U9m7tQSnmFqfFQKARVz9eRQmEkT4544i7o1VHzNB5X8oaAhXoeTp-g-wvz4711L0G9LYMK967aTFT0yKCu0UpQTMVJJ2Xa29LZRoAKhmczCqgGQ/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-25+at+10.16.16+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhViWWOqDJ4Ayd0oDt4C1lrQH7t1l96U9m7tQSnmFqfFQKARVz9eRQmEkT4544i7o1VHzNB5X8oaAhXoeTp-g-wvz4711L0G9LYMK967aTFT0yKCu0UpQTMVJJ2Xa29LZRoAKhmczCqgGQ/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-25+at+10.16.16+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7168533/major_george_barnes_suicide/" target="_blank">Paducah Daily Sun, Nov. 5, </a></span></b><b style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7168533/major_george_barnes_suicide/" target="_blank">1898</a></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span> </span></span>Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-26378321811832783862016-10-17T11:23:00.001-04:002019-01-05T13:47:26.709-05:00Greenville: 'Prepare to Meet Your God'<div style="text-align: right;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2IyNA6Vos2QcpoT-QxI_2J2MKF4kFKN-wGU_aiannwfiQhCAKem5afgT1V7gOrxBkULihyphenhyphenkQH9w7uWi8PJxXTW9GjbEBjNVrKYhnhqlbs61pd-OW56-e3-4K0O5I51rpOVcK6ecXGj7A/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-17+at+11.05.37+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2IyNA6Vos2QcpoT-QxI_2J2MKF4kFKN-wGU_aiannwfiQhCAKem5afgT1V7gOrxBkULihyphenhyphenkQH9w7uWi8PJxXTW9GjbEBjNVrKYhnhqlbs61pd-OW56-e3-4K0O5I51rpOVcK6ecXGj7A/s400/Screen+Shot+2016-10-17+at+11.05.37+AM.png" width="243" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>A noble Yankee from Tennessee:<br />Union Capt. Isaac Taylor</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">GREENVILLE, S.C.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Stoneman Gazette has unearthed more information about the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/greenville-dodges-last-bullet-of.html">skirmish in Greenville, S.C., in May, 1865</a>, that I believe was the last Civil War clash east of the Mississippi.</span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCUiOE42yPjJvs6CMHHS7Z8zUVBb2qqTtb4-dHjM11-62lYYKWlOQ5Q7vZjmoPQpTLsrCJmkADAVKEbsKYeSEsEpLEqfdZPCwd9VfWzzA0ATwmd-g0spE353pH6tkVahWUEFRi5BaJK98/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-17+at+10.06.39+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCUiOE42yPjJvs6CMHHS7Z8zUVBb2qqTtb4-dHjM11-62lYYKWlOQ5Q7vZjmoPQpTLsrCJmkADAVKEbsKYeSEsEpLEqfdZPCwd9VfWzzA0ATwmd-g0spE353pH6tkVahWUEFRi5BaJK98/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-17+at+10.06.39+AM.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>National Tribune, Sept. 5, 1889</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> This clipping was published July 18, 1889, in the National Tribune, a weekly newspaper catering to Union veterans. I found it reprinted Sept. 5, 1889, in the Anderson Intelligencer.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> It is a letter written by Isaac Taylor, a Union captain from Tennessee who was ordered to execute four Confederates </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">accused of mistreating and robbing some of Stoneman's sick and wounded soldiers as they were being evacuated to Knoxville.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Convinced that the rebels were innocent, </span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Capt. Taylor defied his orders and made a noble last-minute decision to spare their lives.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> I believe that Taylor is describing the same incident that was documented in 2002 by Greenville historian John McLeod, though there are some discrepancies in their stories, and it is possible there were two similar incidents.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Taylor gives the date as May 24 (rather than May 22 or 23) and the location as 25 miles from Greenville at the foot of the Blue Ridge (not Crescent Ridge near downtown Greenville). He says there were four Confederates (rather than three) facing the firing squad. The 1903 history of the 13th Tennessee Cavalry says it was Lt. T.C. White (rather than Capt. Taylor) who was ordered to carry out the executions.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Capt. Taylor vividly described the scene as the rebels awaited their fate:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">They were informed of the order and given 10 minutes in which to prepare to meet their God. I had passed through many battles and trials, but this was the most trying ordeal of my life. The utter despair depicted on their countenances, while great rivers of perspiration ran down their pallid faces, makes me shudder yet when I think of how near four innocent men were to being murdered by the command "fire" given from my lips.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Then the surgeon (Dr. James Cameron) recognized a gesture from one of the rebels as the </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Masons' "Grand-Hailing Sign of Distress." Dr. Cameron was a Mason, and so was </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Col. Miller, the brigade commander who had ordered the executions. This made Miller reconsider the charges, and he set the captives free.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Civil War is full of stories like this where lives were spared after enemies discovered they were brothers in the secret society of the Masons. In fact, there is a Masonic Memorial at Gettysburg called "Friend to Friend" <i>(pictured below)</i> that honors these traditions. Several similar accounts are found in the annals of Stoneman's Raid. No doubt some are apocryphal, but I think this one is credible, since it is reported by both sides. <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUEJHiKJ8pJemCFfzvXfZh7y-wcGrNz0g6TcD2lay51dQYXMLJIqijXNYVKnJa1xx0ORa03tm92x_sScFW6Rzpv9leLHG3U7OQ54LIl0mK5Xny5XSilCSJz4IZe_BS744TzoQSWiatjvc/s1600/taylor+gray.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUEJHiKJ8pJemCFfzvXfZh7y-wcGrNz0g6TcD2lay51dQYXMLJIqijXNYVKnJa1xx0ORa03tm92x_sScFW6Rzpv9leLHG3U7OQ54LIl0mK5Xny5XSilCSJz4IZe_BS744TzoQSWiatjvc/s1600/taylor+gray.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Emporia (Kan.) News, Jan. 24, 1884</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Capt. Taylor (1843-1892) grew up in <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/stabbing-confederacy-in-back.html">eastern Tennessee, which was predominantly pro-Union</a> and opposed to secession. When the war began, he enlisted with an Illinois regiment. In 1863 he joined the Union's 13th Tennessee Cavalry, commanding Company B and serving as Acting Assistant Adjutant General under Col. John Miller. The 13th Tennessee was one of eight Yankee regiments that marched with Stoneman's Raid in the spring of 1865. They fought at <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/bloody-welcome-to-virginia.html">Wytheville</a> and the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html">Yadkin River bridge</a> and were involved in the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/tennessee-yankees-chase-jeff-davis.html">pursuit of Jefferson Davis</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> According to <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">this </span>1884 newspaper tribute, he was the first man in Carter County, Tennessee, to make a stand for Negro suffrage, and he was among the first Republicans elected to the Tennessee legislature. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Republicans fell out of favor at the end of Reconstruction, <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">so </span>Capt. Taylor moved to Hartford, Kan., where he built a mill, became president of the local bank, and served as an Indian agent.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> He wrote to the <i>National Tribune</i> in 1889 hoping to make contact with his forgiven enemies:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">I disobeyed orders, turned them over to the brigade commander at noon with a full statement of what had occurred, and he discharged them. They were happy, but I cannot believe that they were more so than I was. A Masonic sign saved their lives, and no doubt, saved me from great remorse. If those four ex-Confederates, or any of them, are living, I would be very happy indeed to hear from them.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Earlier in 1889, Taylor had written to the <i>National Tribune</i> in another attempt to reconcile with the enemy. He said he was seeking to find the rightful owner of a Virginia regimental banner "he captured from the rebels in South Carolina in the spring of 1865." The 13th Tennessee passed through South Carolina twice during Stoneman's Raid, but I am not aware of any fights they had there with Virginians.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Taylor died three years later at age 49, and I don't know if he ever heard from any of those rebels. Although he was not familiar with Masonic rites during the war, he evidently apprenticed later, because <a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=54420242">his obituary</a> says his funeral was conducted by the Knights Templar with Masonic honors.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> According to a biographical sketch in the <i><a href="https://archive.org/stream/05881225.3145.emory.edu/05881225_3145#page/n319/mode/2up">History of the 13th Regiment, Tennessee Volunteer Cavalry</a></i>: </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Captain Taylor was an officer of the highest courage, never
evading any duty or danger, but was always among the first to reach the danger
line when there was fighting to be done. He possessed fine social qualities and
a high sense of honor that endeared him to all who knew him.</span></blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0Cwa5ZPL6wVMeSQ5D2it0wv4_EgaPI3byD9WSlnwjtx8PuoMA6dw9Pibjy9Lkdh5-dujKO610jEYseZpSo_mLxkg8V59l9pDAGDsq4KtAudQbhIIUkyCqMwSywug-gXTeJbjQigLSEc4/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-10-17+at+2.21.17+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0Cwa5ZPL6wVMeSQ5D2it0wv4_EgaPI3byD9WSlnwjtx8PuoMA6dw9Pibjy9Lkdh5-dujKO610jEYseZpSo_mLxkg8V59l9pDAGDsq4KtAudQbhIIUkyCqMwSywug-gXTeJbjQigLSEc4/s400/Screen+Shot+2016-10-17+at+2.21.17+PM.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Masonic Memorial at Gettysburg portrays Union Capt. Henry Bingham</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">comforting Confederate Gen. Lewis Armistead, who was</span></b><br />
<b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> mortally wounded during Pickett's Charge.</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">NEXT➤</b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/10/the-ghost-of-della-barnes.html" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">The ghost of Della Barnes</a></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-38585342504481168322016-07-03T20:59:00.001-04:002018-10-12T14:56:01.008-04:00An animated glimpse of Gen. Stoneman<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5VT-EC1kLWmYJm5KOjThdF-sYnnwbcUnIFLHXMnGrJEgrNHN9-aDlp455OixMRgGPcE3oMiQ_XlmRcy631tRxco8OgysSpDwXqffI07dKuOi2qBAnzv2gJTpSZI_v5Cs8Rbg21oaK58o/s1600/stoneman.gif" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5VT-EC1kLWmYJm5KOjThdF-sYnnwbcUnIFLHXMnGrJEgrNHN9-aDlp455OixMRgGPcE3oMiQ_XlmRcy631tRxco8OgysSpDwXqffI07dKuOi2qBAnzv2gJTpSZI_v5Cs8Rbg21oaK58o/s400/stoneman.gif" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Gen. George Stoneman sat for <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">at least two </span>stereographic portraits by James F. Gibson, who learned the 3D technique from the famous Civil War photographer Mathew Brady. This one was taken near Fredericksburg, Virginia, in June 1862, when Stoneman was 39 and commanded the Third Army Corps. I posted <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/cross-your-eyes-and-its-1863-d.html">anothe</a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/02/cross-your-eyes-and-its-1863-d.html">r 3D image of Stoneman</a> when I began this blog, but I've just now figured out how to animate it. If that's a Bible he's holding, it's <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/meet-george-stoneman.html">pr</a><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/meet-george-stoneman.html">obably just a prop</a>.<br />
<br />
In the interest of equal time, here's General Robert E. Lee:</b></span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJjyxmPu4cK81X42op5jwkgko1NxQl0iCWxyUwS2F_Q74OcPuCK1NOuwVstVXbuaNr1rzXS6DBZS1VzxJ-7XOj2BF0etupAwUnGAaHuDD_q9oSsSphfSpw1WjwQ6871KVvzlN2mIqr2lo/s1600/lee.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJjyxmPu4cK81X42op5jwkgko1NxQl0iCWxyUwS2F_Q74OcPuCK1NOuwVstVXbuaNr1rzXS6DBZS1VzxJ-7XOj2BF0etupAwUnGAaHuDD_q9oSsSphfSpw1WjwQ6871KVvzlN2mIqr2lo/s320/lee.gif" width="246" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(Photos from the <a href="http://chubachus.blogspot.com/2014_10_01_archive.html">Chubachus Library of Photographic History</a>) </span></b></span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"> </b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<b>NEXT➤</b> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/10/greenville-prepare-to-meet-your-god.html">'You have 10 minutes to prepare to meet your God'</a></div>
</span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-81492609938187966952016-05-28T00:01:00.000-04:002020-07-25T09:19:21.638-04:00'Great heavens, the Yankees are upon us!'<div class="tr_bq">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdrNoTvxpPL5_gFKYc_70r_N-UrJ-QL-nDBddRIuNzcj-ksjYOsKu1i_vxZg0qVmkcNpmpmr_uAVzrKRAuFqJv03d9zhJYqQtvFXHTgIp88HD43uD_O9isGYTYfxdK2D6F9UnRohC3Xj4/s1600/siloam+3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdrNoTvxpPL5_gFKYc_70r_N-UrJ-QL-nDBddRIuNzcj-ksjYOsKu1i_vxZg0qVmkcNpmpmr_uAVzrKRAuFqJv03d9zhJYqQtvFXHTgIp88HD43uD_O9isGYTYfxdK2D6F9UnRohC3Xj4/s640/siloam+3.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Col.
WIlliam Luffman and Maj. Richard Reeves were sleeping here the morning
of April 2, 1865, when Yankees raided Siloam, N.C. The historical marker
next to the chimney was installed in 2011.</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">SILOAM, N.C.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The Civil War ended just in time to spare Milton Cundiff, who turned 16 in January 1865. The only battle he ever experien<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">ced was as a storyteller. </span>We can thank Cundiff for a vivid and almost-too-good-to-be-true account of a gunfight between two gallant Confederates and hundreds of apparently aimless Yankees. <br /> It <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">happened </span>April 2, 1865. The same day that Gen. Robert E. Lee abandoned the Confederate capital in Richmond, Stoneman's Raid came through Surry County, N.C., northwest of Winston-Salem. Stoneman was headed into <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">the </span>Virginia mountains to wreck the<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span>railroads and <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/springing-surprises-on-both-sides.html">cut off Lee's retreat</a>. Just one week later, Lee would surrender at Appomattox. </span></div>
<div class="tr_bq">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl2E2NDahke4PXuXYM8rI1JVENYsIuFMuutcUMw7z2HyKRooZUCjvYB2Os7JHSqu04k-O1PPc_huZECjfsC2HTv-JkW-tvO0bwxT0d_WUZIgAWdiKAj87a9VFPw5OGfLahqVKh8dRkyIA/s1600/luffman.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl2E2NDahke4PXuXYM8rI1JVENYsIuFMuutcUMw7z2HyKRooZUCjvYB2Os7JHSqu04k-O1PPc_huZECjfsC2HTv-JkW-tvO0bwxT0d_WUZIgAWdiKAj87a9VFPw5OGfLahqVKh8dRkyIA/s320/luffman.png" width="174" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Col. William Luffman</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Confederate </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Col. William Luffman had spent the night in Siloam, N.C., at the home of Maj. Richard Reeves. Luffman was <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">recove</span>ring from a hip wound and evidently was on his way home from Richmond to Spring Place, Ga.</span></div>
<div class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Col. Luffman was bathing at dawn April 2 when he heard <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">rustling</span> out at the stable and found a </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Union soldier trying to steal his horse. </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">In the ensuing shootout, the horse thief was killed and two other Union soldiers were wounded. <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">L</span>uffman, 44 and lame, and Reeves, 39 and plump, so<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">mehow </span>outran the cavalry<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, </span>escaped through a hail of bullets, and hid in the Yadkin River<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">. It was left to <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Re</span></span>eves' elderly mothe<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">r</span> to keep the Yankees from burning down the house.</span></div>
<div class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Cundiff <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">grew up in Siloam</span> and may have witnessed the episode. He certainly knew the details first-hand from the Reeves and other neighbors. Thirty-two years later, when he was the school superintendent in Surry County, Cundiff published his account of the "most wonderful fight" in the Mount Airy News under the pen name Will Fidd.</span></div>
<div class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Here's the story as it ran 119 years ago, on Nov. 11, 1897:</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">T<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">HE BATTLE OF SILOAM</span></span></span></b></span></blockquote>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Graphic Account of One of the Most Thrilling Incidents of the Late War</span></b></span></blockquote>
</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">EDITOR NEWS: Few of your readers, I presume, are aware that within the village of Siloam there was fought one of the fiercest battles of the late Civil War. Such, however, is a fact, though I am quite sure you will find no record thereof in any of the school editions of our United States histories. Hereafter, I trust, the diligent readers may be able to find upon the files of THE MOUNT AIRY NEWS a portraiture of that unexpected and, in many respects, most wonderful fight.</b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> It was in April, 1865, that Col. Luffman, of Georgia, who had been severely wounded in a battle in Virginia, was recuperating among his friends in Surry County, and at this particular time had spent the night at the home of Messrs. R.E. & M.C. Reeves, in Siloam. Very early in the morning, Col. Luffman was up bathing, when he heard the heavy tramp of horses. Looking out at the front door of the "office" in which he and Maj. R.E. Reeves had slept, he beheld, to his great amazement, quite a number of Blue Coats dashing toward the house. He called to Maj. Reeves, who was still in bed, saying:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> "Great heavens, Major, the Yankees are upon us!" Then seizing his carbine, he rushed out into the front yard.<br /> "Surrender that gun, sir," demanded a Yankee, who had already been to the stable and was astride Col. Luffman's fine horse.<br /> "This is my gun," curtly replied the Colonel, "and I have a perfect right to use it; besides, I see you are on my horse; get off at once, or I'll help you off!" <br /> "D__n you, surrender!" roared the Blue Coat. <br /> Bang! roared Luffman's gun, and off tumbled the haughty rider, shot through the breast. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> By this time, Maj. Reeves was up, and had seized a shot-gun and ran to the rear door just as a minnie ball crashed through a buck-horn and lodged in the door facing within a few inches of his head! He fired both barrels of the gun; then seizing another, he ran to the front, where Col. Luffman was rapidly discharging his carbine at the advance guard of the enemy, who were firing recklessly and excitedly, but were gradually giving back toward the main body, now in sight, moving down the hill northeast of the stables. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Bang! bang! bang! and the shock of battle roars and rages terrifically! Five hundred Federals arrayed in deadly combat with only two Confederates! and yet this regiment is beaten back and forced to take shelter behind a long wood-shed and the old factory building. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Col. Luffman and Maj. Reeves emptied a carbine, two double-barrel shotguns and four revolvers in this most unusual contest of all the war, while the Yankees poured a perfect fusillade of minnie balls through the air that hung clear and crisp above and about their heads. Just as the firing along the Confederate "line" ceased, Maj. Masten, who was in command of the Federals, ordered a charge. With a wonderful flourish of glistening steel and the assurance of a glorious victory, the enemy dashed boldly up to the very spot where their dead comrade lay at full length upon the greensward. No quarters were now asked or offered. But with empty guns, Col. Luffman and Maj. Reeves had to stand and be riddled with bullets or escape, if possible, by precipitate flight. Hence, turning their faces toward the friendly river, these night-robed Confederate officers—one carrying a severe wound in his hip and the other 250 pounds avoirdupois—made their way as rapidly as possible across the bottom. A pitiless storm of bullets whizzed by their ears, while many others were buried in the sands dangerously near their feet. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> John W. Hardy, then a boy of eighteen, living with Maj. Reeves, having seen the flight and not knowing what else to do, took to his heels, running in the same direction, but fifty or sixty yards behind the other two fugitives. After two balls had pierced Hardy's hat and two others had cut the dust from his coat, he stopped and turned his face toward the pursuing enemy. A soldier ran up within a few feet of him and was bringing his gun on a level with Hardy's head, when an officer cried out, "Stop, you blank fool, don't you see the man has surrendered?" Just at this juncture a colored man, George, who lived with Messrs. Reeves, ran up and assured the Yankees who were collecting around that Mr. Hardy had taken no part whatever in the fight. While the soldiers were parlaying over their capture for a few moments, our bold Confederates had passed over the sand ridge unscathed and jumped into the river, the bank of which was thickly overgrown with weeds and briars. Col. Luffman sank behind a rock that projected a few inches above the water, while Maj. Reeves concealed himself behind some driftwood. Forty or fifty men scoured the bank of the river thoroughly, swearing summary vengeance upon them if found. But they managed to keep their bodies and heads beneath the water, breathing only through their nostrils. Finally, the Blue Coats gave up the fruitless search and returned to the house. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Several men entered the house and fired it by throwing burning brands from the fireplace into the middle of the room and piling bureau drawers, clothing, etc., thereon. Mrs. Reeves, the aged mother of the Messrs. Reeves, while the men were pillaging other rooms, threw the burning brands and clothing into the fireplace, and with the help of a colored servant extinguished the flames. Two ruffian-looking men deliberately informed her that she had gold and silver concealed about the premises, and that, unless she immediately informed them where it was, they would kill her. She calmly replied, "if you do, you will not deprive me of many days." </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> In the fight one Yankee had been killed and two others badly wounded, while several horses and mules were shot more or less severely, but were not entirely disabled. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> When the Yankees were gone and some two hours had elapsed, Maj. Reeves was seen to emerge from his hiding place in the river, after which a search was made for his companion, who was found almost exhausted clinging to an overhanging limb several hundred yards below where he had entered the stream. After procuring some refreshments and a brief rest at Mr. Bowman's they crossed the Ararat River and stopped with Mr. Samuel Scott, who furnished them some clothing. They continued their journey, stopping at Mr. Ed Butner's and Mr. Mat Phillips', both of whom treated them very kindly. They reached Salem after several days tramping through the woods, where Mr. Henry Fries presented each of them with a new suit of clothes. Then they made their way to Mr. William Marsh's, in Davidson County. Soon after their arrival here, some of Col. Luffman's friends passed, and he went with them to his home in Spring Place, Georgia. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Some two months later Maj. Reeves returned to his desolated home where the battle had been fought, but the war was ended and he found the best of all things—</span><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/tell-mama-war-is-finally-over.html" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">his mother</a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> and peace.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">WILL FIDD</span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Siloam, N.C., Nov. 6, 1897</span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The farm "office" where Maj. Reeves and Col. Luffman were sleeping has been preserved, along with family relics that include a partially burned picture frame. A Civil War Trails historical marker has been installed next to the building in Siloam.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> The marker includes some additional information that Cundiff did not mention. In 1861, Maj. Reeves organized the first Confederate volunteers from Surry County.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM8fUJLDeXPGnJmuptwnZoLRQM4Qt69mbL88FlPyz3xU46b0rek61HxAmI251zBEJACKhtnlurzhXwSVzL_DPf5zvpZbIIzyIqkaYW29WUBk5MIk16P7zlDaIrkEcRZeXMnfjtZYYm_DE/s1600/reeves+fireplace+narrow.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM8fUJLDeXPGnJmuptwnZoLRQM4Qt69mbL88FlPyz3xU46b0rek61HxAmI251zBEJACKhtnlurzhXwSVzL_DPf5zvpZbIIzyIqkaYW29WUBk5MIk16P7zlDaIrkEcRZeXMnfjtZYYm_DE/s320/reeves+fireplace+narrow.png" width="237" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Mrs. Reeves' hearth</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Maj. Reeves' mother, Elizabeth Early Reeves, was the cousin of Confederate Gen. Jubal Early. She was nearly 71 at the time of the raid, and though she told the Yankees her days were numbered, she lived to see 80. The marker says that Yankees withdrew when she promised to give the dead soldier a proper Christian burial on a nearby hill. Unfortunately, his name has been lost to history. (In observance of Memorial Day, I've collected <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/great-heavens-yankees-are-upon-us.html">the names of 37 Union soldiers who died during Stoneman's Raid</a>.)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">It's uncertain which of Stoneman's troops went through Siloam. By the process of elimination, the 12th Kentucky Cavalry seems most likely. Cundiff said the Federal troops were commanded by a Major Masten, but I have not been able to find that name among Stoneman's officers.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> It's quite possible that the wounded Yankees at Siloam were <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-indispensable-yet-disposable.html">treated by Dr. Milton Folger from nearby Rockford</a>. Yankees also seized Dr. Folger's horse, leaving him with one of their worn-out mounts.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <a href="http://www.murraycountymuseum.com/mf062.html">Col. Luffman</a> had a distinguished military and legal career. He survived wounds at Manassas in 1862, Gettysburg in 1863, and the Battle of the Wilderness in 1864. In March 1865, a medical board considered whether to declare him an invalid. Presumably, he was given a medical leave, since he was already at Siloam while Robert E. Lee evacuated Richmond on April 2.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXyeZjtihIZ4hCeDL5L9x1HxxesioCntOWPJoL8dny368OGDOYFQ3qmlPQzqt-KN3tzO7CnHnvvCHBfiA-Q4iY1P0Ch641aBn5qLjten-yE2MW8Eg3TbyO-G-LHhSZgj5PHsK2othcGVM/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-05-27+at+2.47.43+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXyeZjtihIZ4hCeDL5L9x1HxxesioCntOWPJoL8dny368OGDOYFQ3qmlPQzqt-KN3tzO7CnHnvvCHBfiA-Q4iY1P0Ch641aBn5qLjten-yE2MW8Eg3TbyO-G-LHhSZgj5PHsK2othcGVM/s400/Screen+Shot+2016-05-27+at+2.47.43+PM.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Milton Cundiff lived in this house, built by his father around 1865</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> <b>NEXT➤</b> <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/07/see-gen-stoneman-in-different-light.html">An animated glimpse of Gen. Stoneman</a></span></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"></span></div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1554798755726832290.post-82003009547150996132016-05-28T00:00:00.000-04:002018-04-19T09:38:57.194-04:00Memorial Day: Stoneman's toll<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP-Vu18xFU3mB2Lx6DBZir23swWLGUqutvcbTh6btRzdZ-uTcPcrqttsHy3YURfyPOZ8BAixAxXNAC6BNl0PeHOC5x8n0pnaX3-nxqtfx9r_GbojWqvBuIUV4JQWxfeeNuW4X2GwypdGs/s1600/10thMI+thomas+kenyon+rip.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP-Vu18xFU3mB2Lx6DBZir23swWLGUqutvcbTh6btRzdZ-uTcPcrqttsHy3YURfyPOZ8BAixAxXNAC6BNl0PeHOC5x8n0pnaX3-nxqtfx9r_GbojWqvBuIUV4JQWxfeeNuW4X2GwypdGs/s320/10thMI+thomas+kenyon+rip.gif" width="212" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lt. Thomas Kenyon was among five</span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Michigan soldiers killed April 8, 1865,</span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">in a skirmish near Martinsville, Va.</span></span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> <i>The Stoneman Gazette</i> marks Memorial Day with the following list of Union soldiers who died during Stoneman's Raid.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> We published the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/honor-warriors-if-not-war.html">corresponding list of Southern fatalities</a> on Confederate Memorial Day, this past May 10. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"> I've identified 37 Union soldiers (plus several unknown) who died during the 54-day raid. Ten of them were killed in the Battle of Salisbury and five near Martinsville, Va. Another five died of disease in Watauga County, N.C. If you have any further information on these men or others who should be included, please leave a comment. I will update this post as additional information becomes available. </span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> Winners write history, and the victorious Union raiders did a much better job than the vanquished Confederates in terms of preserving names of their dead. Much of this information comes from histories written by five of the eight Union regiments who participated in Stoneman's Raid.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"> I've arranged the names in order of the counties and cities that were raided.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;"> </span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/meanwhile-back-in-boone.html" target="_blank">BOONE & WATAUGA COUNTY</a>, N.C., March 28-April 22</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> There may have been one or two Union soldiers killed in the raid on Boone March 28. Stoneman reported that the 12th Kentucky Cavalry under Maj. George Barnes lost a few men wounded. Folks in Boone maintain that a teenager named Steel Frazier killed one or two Yankees. It's possible that one of them may have been Isaac Smith of the 8th Tennessee (see footnote below).</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Five more "Home Yankees" died of disease during the occupation of Boone by Kirk's Raiders in the days following Stoneman's Raid. All of them were enlisted in the 2nd N.C. Mounted Infantry, which was composed of men who remained loyal to the Union even after their home states seceded. Four of the five Union soldiers who died in Watauga County were from western North Carolina.</span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. William Bradley</b> died April 10 of typhoid. He enlisted at age 16 in 1863 and was from Buncombe County, N.C.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. James Paine</b> died April 11 of typhoid. He and Bradley enlisted on the same day in Greeneville, Tenn. He was 33 and was from Buncombe County, N.C.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Maricle&GSmid=46928811&GRid=54606983"><b>Pvt. John E. Maricle</b></a> (also spelled Miracle) died April 15 of measles. He was from Harlan, Ky., enlisted at age 28, and had served barely six months when he died. He left a widow and four children<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Henry Evans</b> died April 16 of typhoid. He was from Buncombe County and enlisted in 1863 at age 30.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Robert Foster</b> died April 22 of disease. He was just 16 years old when he enlisted in 1864. He was also from Buncombe. </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/03/where-stoneman-could-have-been-stopped.html" target="_blank">WILKESBORO & WILKES COUNTY</a>, N.C., March 29-31</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Several Union soldiers drowned March 30 trying to cross the flooded Yadkin River. "Some never reached the other side. One out of our regiment, and I do not know how many others, drowned. It was a fearful sight," according to Howard Buzby of the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> <br />
<b>SILOAM & <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/a-punchline-worthy-of-mark-twain.html" target="_blank">SURRY COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 2</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> An unknown Union soldier was shot April 2 while trying to steal the horse of Confederate Col. William Luffman of the 11th Georgia Infantry, according to <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/great-heavens-yankees-are-upon-us.html">an 1897 newspaper story by Milton Cundiff</a>, a noted Surry County educator who may have been an eyewitness to the event.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> <br />
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/bloody-welcome-to-virginia.html" target="_blank">WYTHEVILLE & WYTHE COUNTY</a>, Va., April 5-7</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Gen. Gillem's report sa<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">id</span> 35 Union men were killed, wounded, or captured in the April 5 raid on Wytheville. I researched the rosters of the two regiments involved in this raid, the Eighth and Thirteenth Tennessee Cavalry and have not been able to identify them, with the exception of:</span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. John C. Connor of the 8th Tennessee drowned April 7 while crossing the New River during the retreat from Wytheville. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. David Wilson, 20 years old, of the 13th Tennessee was reported missing in action after this raid. Some relatives believe he was killed at Wytheville, but this has not been verified. Wytheville was not far from his home, and it is possible that he deserted. </span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> There were seven members of the 13th Tennessee and at least four members of the 8th Tennessee who died in Knoxville and elsewhere in the three weeks following the Wytheville raid. (See the footnote below.) Some of them may have been mortally wounded at Wytheville, but it is also possible that they were wounded or sick prior to the raid and were left behind in Knoxville when their regiments marched.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html" target="_blank">JACKSONVILLE & FLOYD COUNTY</a>, Va., April 4-8</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. John Houston</b> of the 1st Tennessee Artillery was killed April 8 at Floyd's Church. Stoneman's artillery was passing through Floyd County at that time.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/some-bridges-you-hate-to-burn.html" target="_blank">LYNCHBURG & BEDFORD COUNTY</a>, Va., April 8</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Jacob King</b> of the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry was shot by friendly fire near Lynchburg. He was the only Union fatality during <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/some-bridges-you-hate-to-burn.html">Wagner's Raid</a>, which was dispatched by Stoneman and praised by Gen. Ulysses Grant for cutting off Robert E. Lee's last line of escape.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-indispensable-yet-disposable.html" target="_blank">MARTINSVILLE & HENRY COUNTY</a>, Va., April 8</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Five soldiers from the 10th Michigan Cavalry were killed April 8 in a skirmish near Martinsville, Va. This was the deadliest engagement of the war for the 10th Michigan, which previously had only eight of its 1,886 men killed in action. <br /> Just three days earlier, these troops had learned that Robert E. Lee had abandoned the Confederate capital at Richmond, telling them the war was all but over. They were on their way to liberate the prison at Salisbury and weren't looking for a fight when they crossed paths with Capt. James Wheeler's rebels at a creek in Henry County. In the ensuing fight, the Confederates had as many as 27 killed.<br /> The Union victims were buried at the Episcopal church in Martinsville, and the bodies were later relocated to the National Cemetery in Danville. </span></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span> <br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Lt. Thomas C. Kenyon</b> was described as "a gallant young officer" in Volume 40 of <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071160819;view=1up;seq=9">Michigan in the Civil War</a>. He enlisted with the 10th Michigan at age 25 in 1863 and was promoted to second lieutenant in 1864. He previously served with another regiment and spent six months as a prisoner of war following the 1862 Battle of Shiloh. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Sgt. John Benton</b> was from Wayne County, Michigan. He enlisted in 1863 at age 27. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. George Wood</b> was from Antrim County. He enlisted at age 31 in 1864 and had served only five months before he was killed. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Joseph Cune</b> (also spelled Kune or Kunne) was from Grand Traverse County. He enlisted at age 36 in 1864 and served less than six months before he was killed. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Ira E. Harvey</b> enlisted in Grand Rapids at age 22 in 1864 and served eight months before he was killed.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/i-suppose-generals-know-best.html" target="_blank">STOKES COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 10-11</b></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Robert Watson</b> of the 10th Michigan was killed April 10 in Germantown, N.C.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Joseph Hale</b> of the 8th Tennessee died April 11 in Danbury, N.C.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pennsylvanians-pen-was-mightier-than.html" target="_blank">SALEM & FORSYTH COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 10-11</b></span><br />
<ul>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO7IGhaQdgOYoAUCctwkeV9gPUgJMmM-fawcqm_OZtA0Pur7fmKBQUZBT3XuiXJh1vbE55TAP6u0cRGGXPPmp72rX5v6Y-B52rIkscByfe0h7bVK3IL6EAaaRxNYDA2FW5rzS4in8I35c/s1600/Screen+Shot+2018-03-19+at+6.02.43+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="504" data-original-width="796" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO7IGhaQdgOYoAUCctwkeV9gPUgJMmM-fawcqm_OZtA0Pur7fmKBQUZBT3XuiXJh1vbE55TAP6u0cRGGXPPmp72rX5v6Y-B52rIkscByfe0h7bVK3IL6EAaaRxNYDA2FW5rzS4in8I35c/s320/Screen+Shot+2018-03-19+at+6.02.43+PM.png" width="320" /></a>
<li><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Pvt. Dennis Shea</b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> of the 12th Ohio died April 22 in Salem. It seems likely that Shea was the unidentified soldier shot by Confederate Sgt. Greenbury Harding in Huntsville, 20 miles west of Salem. Harding was a Yadkin County native who had been wounded four times in battles and was discharged from the 28th North Carolina Regiment in 1864. According to a Civil War trails marker in Huntsville, Harding killed one of the two Yankees who were trying to loot his house. If Shea was mortally wounded, it would have made sense for the Union to leave him in the care of the pro-Union Moravians in Salem. A 1917 history of Champaign County, Ohio, says Shea was left sick at Salem.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul></ul>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
<b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/pyres-in-salisbury-but-pyrrhic-victory.html" target="_blank">SALISBURY & ROWAN COUNTY</a>, N.C.</b></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Capt. John Edwards</b> of the 11th Michigan Cavalry was shot leading the charge into Salisbury April 12 and died four days later in Way Hospital No. 3. He was leading <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Company D in an attack on the Confederate Batt<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">ery F when he was shot by a <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">rebel from <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Maryland named Lt. Stokes. </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">According to historian Cornelia Phillips Spencer, Edwards was pursuing Stokes, who had already shot one of Edwards' men. As Edwards closed in, brandishing his saber, Stokes suddenly wheeled around and shot Edwards as he passed by. Edwards was hit in the leg and right lung. </span></span></span></span></span>A native of Ireland and a resident of Hudson, Mich., he was buried with Masonic rites at the Lutheran church in Salisbury and was later reburied in the National Cemetery<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">. </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">He was </span>a member of Gen. Stoneman's personal staff.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Capt. Edwards was profiled in a 1996 book, "Last Full Measure of Devotion," by his great-great nephew, Joe Edwards, writing under the name J. Doby. This book lists five other men from Hudson, Michigan, who gave their lives in Salisbury. Three of them actually died in Chattanooga, where presumably they were being treated for wounds. One of them was probably the first victim of Lt. Stokes.</span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=saragred&id=I68301">Cpl. Orlando </a></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=saragred&id=I68301">Richardson</a> </b>died May 1, 1865, in Chattanooga, just two months after he enlisted.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://billiongraves.com/grave/Norman-F-Henry/4723621" style="font-weight: bold;">Norman F. Henry</a> died May 1, 1865, in Chattanooga. His tombstone in the Chattanooga National Cemetery says he served in the 11th Michigan Mounted Infantry, which disbanded in 1864. Several of those soldiers enlisted in the 11th Cavalry.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">James Berch [or Bercham]</span></b></li>
<li><b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">John S. Worden</span></b></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="https://www.geni.com/people/Oliver-Stebbins/6000000007225885321">Oliver Stebbins [or Stibbens]</a> </b>died April 27, 1865, in Chattanooga. Letters to his family indicate he died of measles and do not mention wounds.</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
</span> <span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Salisbury editor J.J. Bruner, who was known to exaggerate, wrote in 1890 that 16 Union soldiers were killed or mortally wounded in the unsuccessful siege of the Yadkin River bridge, six miles north<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">east of Salisbury</span>. However, the Tennessee brigade that attacked the bridge reported only four deaths at Salisbury:</span><br />
<ul>
<li><b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;">Saddler Leander Russell</b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">, 23, of the 13th Tennessee was killed April 12 in Salisbury. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. Godfrey Jenkins</b>, 21, of the 13th Tennessee Cavalry was killed April 12 in Salisbury.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. John Renshaw</b> of the 8th Tennessee Cavalry was killed April 12 in Salisbury. Renshaw, just 18 years old, had enlisted March 21--the same day Stoneman's Raid left Knoxville. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b>Pvt. James Ledso</b>, 20, of the 13th Tennessee, died April 18 at Salisbury from wounds suffered April 12 or 13.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-awful-burr-in-stonemans-saddle.html" target="_blank">STATESVILLE & IREDELL COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 13-16 </b></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><a href="http://thirdmichigan.blogspot.com/2007/11/orlow-j-brackett.html">Pvt. Orlow J. Brackett</a> of the 10th Michigan was killed by bushwhackers April 16 in Statesville. He was from Bay County. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. George Hysinger of the 8th Tennessee was executed April 15 "under a pretense of insubordination" by <a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93958066">Capt. Landon Carter</a> of the 13th Tennessee. </span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> At the 1895 reunion of the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry, a letter was read from Confederate Capt. J.R. Johnston, who served with Echols' cavalry in Virginia and the Carolinas. "Near Statesville, we came in contact with your General Palmer's command, and killed the Lieutenant who killed Morgan in Tennessee," he claimed. He was referring to the notorious Confederate Gen. John Hunt Morgan, who was hunted down by the 13th Tennessee in Greeneville, Tenn., in 1864. However, the soldier credited with killing Morgan, Andrew Campbell, lived in Indiana for decades after the war. Johnston's unit may have killed a different Union soldier, possibly Brackett.</span></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/memorial-day-carolina-ladies-honor.html" target="_blank">LINCOLNTON & LINCOLN COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 17-23</b></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Corp. George J. French of the 15th Pennsylvania was ambushed and shot April 18 near Lincolnton and is buried there at St. Luke's Episcopal Church. For his story, <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/memorial-day-carolina-ladies-honor.html">click here</a>.</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> <b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/rebels-and-their-bridge-fall-for-yankee.html" target="_blank">DALLAS & GASTON COUNTY</a>, N.C.</b></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. John W. Knowles of the 12th Ohio died April 30 in Dallas. His unit was based April 17-23 in nearby Lincolnton, and it is not clear if he died of sickness or a wound. He was from Salem, Ohio.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/historical-markers-reading-between-lines.html" target="_blank">MORGANTON & BURKE COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 17-18</b><br /> North Carolina historian Cornelia Phillips Spencer said the Union had 25 killed and wounded in a gunfight at Rocky Ford and even reported eight Union bodies floating in the Catawba River. However, the military reports say there were no Union fatalities in this incident, which is known as the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/historical-markers-reading-between-lines.html">last artillery exchange of the Civil War</a>.</span></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/destroy-charlotte-will-asheville-do.html" target="_blank">ASHEVILLE & BUNCOMBE COUNTY</a>, N.C., April 23-May 8</b></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Walter A. Sigler of the 11th Michigan died of disease at Asheville April 23. An 1865 report by the Michigan adjutant general says that Sigler was the only fatality from the 11th Michigan during Stoneman's Raid.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixQKRjW_4LWx2Y1dVXK4bpj82S1puHKgj0VsUX109xylwQhpUzLpvsaCcqjsh3aQ8yC1zE8EtD6rWOJwTud83D-hDzxMuFQwD4_GZi11krSV7BmppNzQCbqVdiyfP1rmuVAaMZSSLkx70/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-12-28+at+1.11.40+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixQKRjW_4LWx2Y1dVXK4bpj82S1puHKgj0VsUX109xylwQhpUzLpvsaCcqjsh3aQ8yC1zE8EtD6rWOJwTud83D-hDzxMuFQwD4_GZi11krSV7BmppNzQCbqVdiyfP1rmuVAaMZSSLkx70/s320/Screen+Shot+2016-12-28+at+1.11.40+PM.png" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Four members of the 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery (part of Stoneman's rear guard under Gen. Davis Tillson) were executed by firing squad May 6 after being <a href="http://www.citizen-times.com/story/news/local/2016/04/24/post-civil-war-crimes-attest-anger-vanquished/83355598/">accused of rape</a>. (Click the image to enlarge.)</span></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Alfred Catlett from Virginia</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Alexander Cowell</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Charles Turner</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Jackson Washington</span></li>
</ul>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<b style="font-family: "trebuchet ms", sans-serif;"><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/05/anderson-they-wished-to-ruin-us.html" target="_blank">PENDLETON & ANDERSON COUNTY</a>, S.C., May 5</b></div>
<ul>
<li> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Alanson Wesley Chapman of Hillsdale, Michigan, accidentally shot himself while looting the Boscobel plantation south of Pendleton. According to <a href="https://archive.org/stream/mylifeandtimes00adgegoog#page/n349/mode/2up">Rev. John Bailey Adger</a>'s memoirs, "Chapman had stolen a fine young mare, and in mounting her, his short carbine swung around. The hammer hit the pommel of his saddle as the muzzle jabbed him under the chin and he fell dead in the yard. Most of the jewelry, including the handsome old-fashioned watch we now wear was recovered." Chapman and his brother Adelbert (who visited Rev. Adger a few days later) were enlisted in the 11th Michigan Cavalry, which was in Georgia by May 5, so it seems likely they were deserters. That would also explain why Chapman's death was unknown or ignored by the Michigan adjutant general mentioned above.</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> <b><a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2015/04/stonemans-headquarters-on-caesars-head.html" target="_blank">PICKENS COUNTY</a>, S.C., May 9</b></span></span><br />
<ul>
<li> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">David H. "Harry" Morrison of Michigan was killed May 9 between Greenville and Easley in retaliation for the <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/honor-warriors-if-not-war.html">May 1 murder of civilian Matthew Ellison</a>. Morrison, 18, was buried on Turner Hill near what is now the intersection of U.S. 123 and S.C. 153 His father reclaimed the body six months later.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Other possible Union casualties on Stoneman's Raid</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> The 8th and 13th Tennessee regiments as well as the 12th Ohio list a number of deaths during the days of Stoneman's Raid but do not say if they were killed in action. The Tennesseeans were involved in the raid on Wytheville, and it is possible that some of them may have fallen there. On the other hand, it's likely that some of these men died of disease or wounds suffered prior to Stoneman's Raid, or were on duty elsewhere. Similarly, there were also four members of the 12th Ohio who died of unspecified circumstances back at headquarters during the weeks of the raid. Their names:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">13th TENNESSEE</span></b></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. Marion Wilson, age 19, died April 9 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. William Roten, age 18, died April 11 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. William H. Payne, died April 12 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. James N. Duggar, age 18, died April 14 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. William Mallory, age 44, died in April in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. David Price, age 44, died April 28 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. Michael Sanders, age 42, died April 29 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Pvt. David Cole, age 26, died June 10 in Danville rebel hospital</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">8TH TENNESSEE</span></b></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. William Cox died March 26.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Rodolphus Harris, age 21, died March 26.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Isaac Smith died March 28. The location is not specified, but the date suggests that he might have been Steel Frazier's victim in Boone. Another possibility is that he was previously sick and was not part of the raid. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. John P. Frake, age 22, died March 31.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Benjamin Owens died April 3.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Robert Peek, age 25, died April 9.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Louis Lain, age 33, died April 10. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Elijah Keys was killed April 19 at Elizabethton. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"> Pvt. Faro Collier, age 25, died April 26.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">12th OHIO</span></b></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pvt. Levi Ebert from Lancaster, Ohio, died April 9 in Knoxville.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Lorenzo F. Hiddleston from Alliance, Ohio, died April 21 in a Nashville hospital.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Leonard H. Springer from New Lisbon, Ohio, died April 23 in a Knoxville hospital. </span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">Pvt. Benjamin McCullough from Columbus, Ohio, died April 30 in Knoxville<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">.</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: start;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">NEXT: <a href="http://stonemangazette.blogspot.com/2016/05/great-heavens-yankees-are-upon-us.html">'Great heavens, the Yankees are upon us!'</a></span></span></b> </span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Tom Laytonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04335386527483388215noreply@blogger.com0